Cyst yog ib qho benign neoplasm, uas yog npuas lossis hnab ntim nrog kua. Ib tug zoo xws li pathology tshwm sim heev heev nyob rau hauv cov poj niam ntawm cov me nyuam muaj hnub nyoog. Xws li cov qog loj hlob vim muaj cov kua dej ntau hauv cov kab noj hniav thiab tuaj yeem ua rau qhov loj ntawm zes qe menyuam ntau zaus. Thaum nws phab ntsa puas lawm, lub zes qe menyuam ruptures.
Tus mob no suav tias yog xwm txheej ceev thiab xav tau kev kuaj mob sai heev. Tom qab rupture ntawm zes qe menyuam cyst, nws cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub peritoneum, uas ua rau muaj kev hem thawj ntawm peritonitis thiab cov tsos mob ntawm lub plab mob.
Yuav ua li cas neoplasms tuaj yeem yog
Rupture ntawm zes qe menyuam cyst tuaj yeem raug cais raws li nws qhov tshwm sim. Tshwj xeeb, lawv tau muab faib ua cov ntawv xws li:
- hemorrhagic;
- pain;
- mixed.
Ntxiv rau, tus mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ntau hom, txhua yam nyob ntawm qhov mob hnyav. Nws yog ib txwm ua kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov tseeb cyst thiab cystic qog. Kuj tseem muaj cov neoplasms paraovarian,Qhov sib txawv ntawm uas yog tias lawv tau tsim yam tsis muaj kev koom tes hauv cov txheej txheem pathological ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm zes qe menyuam thiab cov qauv ntawm lub cev. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov formations yog tias lawv tuaj yeem loj heev.
Kev ua haujlwm cystic tsim, suav nrog lawv cov ntaub so ntswg, muab faib ua luteal thiab follicular. Luteal hlwb yog tsim los ntawm lub corpus luteum raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm tsub zuj zuj ntawm ib tug ntau ntawm cov kua. Lub follicular cyst tshwm sim yog tias ovulation tsis tshwm sim, raws li cov follicle unruptured maj mam nce loj. Yeej, lawv mus deb ntawm lawv tus kheej tom qab ib ntus, tab sis tej zaum yuav muaj qhov tawg ntawm zes qe menyuam cyst. Qhov no tsis tshwm sim ntau zaus, txij li lub plhaub ntawm cov formations yog tuab heev.
vim kev sib nrauj
Ib lub cyst ntawm txhua yam tuaj yeem tawg tau zoo, thiab tom qab ntawd cov ntsiab lus nkag mus rau hauv plab kab noj hniav, uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai. Lub rupture ntawm zes qe menyuam cyst nyob rau hauv cov poj niam yog txuam nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas nws muaj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias cov laj thawj tseem tsis tau tsim.
Cov kws kho mob ntseeg tias qhov no feem ntau yog vim muaj cov tshuaj hormones hauv lub cev. Predisposing yam yuav yog qhov peculiarity ntawm kev ncig ntawm qhov chaw mos ntawm lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws, nrog rau cov pathologies uas twb muaj lawm ntawm vascular system. Yog tias cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha nyias dhau, ces thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub, thaum lawv tau ntim nrog cov ntshav thiab nthuav dav, lawv cov permeability nce thiab yuav tshwm sim.cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ncaj ncees. Ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog cov hauv qab no:
- malposition ntawm uterus;
- frequent rho menyuam;
- polycystic;
- cov txheej txheem mob;
- benign thiab malignant neoplasms;
- psychological yam;
- lub cev ua haujlwm dhau.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev so ua tiav kuj tsis lav tias kev so yuav tsis tshwm sim. Muaj cov xwm txheej uas qhov kev ua txhaum cai no tau tshwm sim txawm tias cov poj niam pw tsaug zog uas nyob hauv lub xeev ntawm kev so tiav. Kev tsis zoo ntawm kev noj qab haus huv tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob cuam tshuam nrog cov ntshav microcirculation tsis zoo, nrog rau nws cov coagulability. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws kho mob nco ntsoov qhov kev sib raug zoo nrog kev noj cov tshuaj.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb
Cov tsos mob ntawm lub zes qe menyuam ruptured cyst yog heev pronounced, vim nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis txhob pom ib tug ua txhaum ntawm kev ncaj ncees ntawm no tsim. Txawm hais tias nws yog hom twg, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, muaj zog txaus ntshai raug pom, mus txog rau lub xeev ntawm kev poob siab thiab tsis nco qab. Qee lub sij hawm cov tsos mob tsis meej pem nrog plab hnyuv los yog mob appendicitis. Yog hais tias thawj cov tsos mob ntawm ruptured zes qe menyuam cyst tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau hu rau lub tsheb thauj neeg mob thiab tau txais kev kho mob tam sim ntawd. Ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb, ib tus tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv xws li:
- mob plab plab;
- xeev siab thiab ntuav;
- tsis nco qab;
- kub;
- bloating;
- cuam tshuam lub plab zom mov, kiv taub hau.
Kev ua txhaumkev ncaj ncees ntawm kev tsim yog nrog los ntawm cov ntshav mus rau hauv lub plab kab noj hniav. Ntawm thawj cov cim qhia ntawm ruptured zes qe menyuam cyst, ib tug tuaj yeem tawm ib qho mob hauv plab, nrog rau hauv perineum, uas nws thiaj li tawm mus rau sab nraub qaum lossis ncej puab. Tsis tas li ntawd, tej zaum yuav muaj kev qaug zog hnyav thiab txo qis hauv siab. Ib tug yam ntxwv tsos mob ntawm ruptured zes qe menyuam cyst nyob rau hauv cov poj niam yog heev pallor ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Yog tias lwm yam kabmob hauv nruab nrog cev raug puas tsuaj, mob plab plab yog pom.
Kev kuaj mob kom raug tsuas yog ua los ntawm kev phais.
Dermoid type
A neoplasm ntawm zes qe menyuam ntawm hom dermoid yog cov kws kho mob suav tias yog ib qho nyuaj tshaj plaws, vim tias nws cov ntsiab lus muaj ntau cov ntaub so ntswg thiab nws qhov laj thawj tseem tsis tau txiav txim siab tag nrho. Yog tias kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov txheej txheem no raug ua txhaum, cov tsos mob xws li:
- mob hnyav;
- xiav;
- kiv taub hau;
- tsis muaj zog.
Nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov muaj kev ua txhaum cai ntawm hom no tsuas yog thaum ua qhov kev kuaj mob dav dav.
Follicular cyst
Neoplasms ntawm hom follicular ntawm zes qe menyuam feem ntau tshwm sim. Lawv teb zoo rau kev kho tshuaj los ntawm kev siv tshuaj hormonal. Nrog kev kho kom raug, lawv tuaj yeem daws lawv tus kheej. Yog hais tias lub cyst ruptures, ces tus poj niam muaj ib tug heev heev txiav mob, uas yog nrog los ntawm intoxication. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem nyob li qub, thiab daim tawv nqaij uadaj ntseg los yog xiav tint.
Nyob rau hauv lub plab zom mov, lub siab tuaj yeem poob qis, thiab lub plawv dhia ntau zaus. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias hom neoplasm no yog qhov txaus ntshai tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg uas tab tom npaj cev xeeb tub. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev thiab peritonitis tuaj yeem tshwm sim, uas ua rau muaj kev hem thawj ntawm kev poob ntshav hnyav, nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem nplaum. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj menyuam tsis taus.
Yellow body
Yog tias qhov kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm corpus luteum ntawm lub zes qe menyuam raug ua txhaum, ces tam sim ntawd muaj qhov mob hnyav heev hauv plab plab. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem nrog ntuav, xeev siab, qaug zog, thiab tawm hws ntau dhau. Yog tias pom qhov tawg ntawm qhov chaw vascular ntawm lub zes qe menyuam, ces muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau ntawm hemorrhage hauv cheeb tsam pelvic.
Thaum muaj kev ua txhaum cai li no, tus poj niam muaj kev poob siab, qaug zog thiab qaug zog. Ib qho cim qhia tau suav tias yog qhov txo qis hauv cov ntshav siab nrog lub plawv dhia ceev.
Endometrioid yam
Ntawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm kev tawg neoplasm ntawm hom endometrioid ntawm zes qe menyuam yog mob hnyav hauv plab. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj mob xeev siab thiab ntuav. Feem ntau sau tseg tias muaj roj ntau ntxiv, nrog rau kev ua txhaum ntawm txoj hnyuv motility.
Tus poj niam lub cev kub zoo li qub. Yog tias pom cov tsos mob zoo li no, kev kuaj xyuas yuav tsum tau ua sai sai, vim tias tus mob no tuaj yeem txaus ntshai heev. Pabtus kws kho mob qhov no yuav txuag xwb.
Yuav ua li cas cyst yuav tsum tawg
Yog poj niam muaj cyst ntawm nws zes qe menyuam, qhov no tsis txhais hais tias nws yuav tsum tawg. Yeej, qhov tsim no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm follicular, tsis ua rau muaj kev tsis xis nyob thiab txhais tau tias dhau los ntawm ntau lub cev ntas. Kev ua txhaum ntawm nws txoj kev ncaj ncees ua rau muaj kev phom sij heev, uas feem ntau yog nyob ntawm hom cyst nws tus kheej.
Ntau zaus, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov duab thiab ciam teb tshwm sim thaum muaj follicular neoplasms thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm corpus luteum. Qhov tshaj plaws yog tias cov phab ntsa cystic nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tawg los ntawm kev ua si, lub cev ua haujlwm lossis kev sib deev hnyav heev. Txawm li cas los xij, kev puas tsuaj tsis tas yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tus neeg mob, vim tias cov ntshav poob qis dua 100 ml, kev ua haujlwm tsis ua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txhawm rau zam kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory, cov txheej txheem tshuaj tua kab mob raug muab.
Thaum ib hom follicular cyst ruptures, kua tawm los ntawm qhov chaw mos. Yog tias cov qog nyob ntawm ceg, ces nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov mus rau cov qog loj dua, peritonitis lossis necrosis. Yog tias muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ncaj ncees ntawm dermoid lossis endometrioid tsim, ces qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij heev thiab yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam kev phais. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub cyst tuaj yeem ua rau qaug cawv thiab lom ntshav.
Diagnostics
Cov tsos mob thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm ruptured zes qe menyuam cyst tuaj yeem sib txawv heev, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau kuaj xyuas raws sij hawm thiab ua tiav.kev kho mob. Tsuas yog ib tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem xav tias qhov ua txhaum ntawm kev ncaj ncees raws li kev soj ntsuam thiab kev soj ntsuam ntawm tus neeg mob. Nws tuaj yeem ua qhov kev kuaj mob kom raug tsuas yog thaum ua cov cuab yeej siv, kho vajtse thiab kev sim kuaj, tshwj xeeb, xws li:
- kuaj gynecological;
- npau taws ntawm fornix;
- laparoscopy;
- kuaj mob ultrasound;
- kuaj ntshav.
Kev kuaj mob gynecological tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab cov hlab ntsha hauv qhov chaw mos fornix, mob thiab o, yog tias muaj los ntshav hnyav. Nrog kev pab los ntawm ultrasound diagnostics, nws muaj peev xwm txiav txim seb muaj kua nyob rau hauv lub plab kab noj hniav. Anemia thiab leukocytosis muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav.
kev kho mob
Kev kho mob ntawm lub zes qe menyuam ruptured cyst tuaj yeem ua rau kev saib xyuas, yog tias qhov ua txhaum cai me me thiab tus neeg mob lub neej tsis muaj kev phom sij, lossis los ntawm kev ua haujlwm phais. Nyob rau theem ntawm kev rov zoo, cov neeg mob raug qhia kom ua raws li kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab ua kev kho lub cev, tshwj xeeb yog siv cov tswv yim xws li:
- tubal stimulation;
- laser kho;
- magnetotherapy;
- electrophoresis.
Txoj kev txuag suav nrog kev siv tshuaj hemostatic, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, cov vitamins, thov txias rau thaj tsam cuam tshuam. Nyob rau theem ntawm kev rov zoo, electrophoresis tuaj yeem raug tshuaj. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm calcium chloride.
Kev ua haujlwm
Yogmuaj rupture ntawm zes qe menyuam cyst, kev ua hauj lwm yog ua nyob rau hauv feem ntau, vim hais tias feem ntau qhov no yog tib txoj kev los cawm tus neeg mob lub neej thiab kho nws cov kev ua me nyuam. Kev phais feem ntau txwv rau laparoscopy, thiab qee zaum yuav tsum tau laparotomy. Qhov ntim ntawm kev cuam tshuam yuav txawv, nws tag nrho yog nyob ntawm qib ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg puas.
Laparoscopy txhais tau hais tias cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb tau ntxig los ntawm 3 qhov punctures ntawm phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm lub peritoneum. Tom qab ntawd, cauterization ntawm ruptured cyst yog nqa tawm thiab cov ntshav yog pumped tawm. Laparotomy muaj nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias tom qab ua ib qho kev phais nyob rau hauv lub anterior phab ntsa ntawm lub peritoneum, lub zes qe menyuam raug tshem tawm mus rau qhov chaw ntawm kev phais, lub cyst kab noj hniav yog sutured, ntau cov ntshav tawm ntawm lub plab kab noj hniav thiab lub qhov txhab. sutured.
Yuav ua li cas yog qhov teeb meem
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub zes qe menyuam ruptured yuav txawv heev. Muab cov teeb meem ntxov thiab lig. Cov thaum ntxov tshwm sim ncaj qha rau lub sijhawm kho mob, thiab cov nyob deb - twb nyob rau hauv txoj kev rov zoo.
Qhov teeb meem txaus ntshai tshaj plaws tom qab tawg ntawm zes qe menyuam cyst tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev poob siab, uas tau pom nrog cov ntshav poob hnyav thiab txo qis hauv cov ntshav ntim. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg mob tuag. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem yog qhov yuav tsum tau tshem tawm ntawm zes qe menyuam. Cov kws phais mob sim cawm lub cev, tab sis qhov no tsis yog ib txwm ua tau. Qee zaum kev tshem tawm yog tib txoj hauv kev los cawm tus neeg mob txoj sia.
Tej zaum yuav muaj kab mob tom qab phais mob uas raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev kho tshuaj tua kab mob. Qhov tshwm sim mus ntev yog qhov nyuaj dua los tiv thaiv thiab suav nrog xws li:
- repeated rupture of the cyst;
- txheej txheem nplaum;
- ectopic cev xeeb tub;
- kev muaj menyuam;
- hormonal ntshawv siab.
Txhua cov txheej txheem no yog sib cuam tshuam zoo. Ib tug poj niam tuaj yeem xeeb tub txawm tias muaj ib lub zes qe menyuam, txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov hlab ntsha zoo li qub thiab kev coj khaub ncaws tsis tu ncua.
prophylaxis
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cyst rupture, prophylaxis yuav tsum tau ua. Yog tias muaj neoplasm tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua kev kho mob los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem kev saib xyuas lossis kev phais. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau mus kuaj ib txwm los ntawm gynecologist thiab ua ultrasound ntawm zes qe menyuam.
Txhua cov txheej txheem inflammatory yuav tsum tau kho raws sijhawm, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem.
