Ntau tus neeg xav: "Diuretic - nws yog dab tsi?" Kab lus no yuav tham txog qhov nws yog dab tsi thiab nws siv rau dab tsi.
tshuaj kho tshuaj
Ib qho osmotic diuretic yog ib yam tshuaj uas nqus dej los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg o. Yog li, nws nce cov zis thiab tshem tawm cov kua dej ntau dhau ntawm lub cev. Qhov no txhim kho cov ntshav khiav mus rau ob lub raum, uas ua rau lawv ua haujlwm ntxiv. Lub raum tib lub sijhawm pib ua haujlwm zoo dua thiab lim. Nws nce plasma osmolality thiab txav cov kua los ntawm cov kabmob thiab cov ntaub so ntswg (hlwb, pob muag) mus rau hauv lub txaj vascular. Hauv qhov no, ua ke nrog cov kua, chlorine, sodium thiab potassium raug tshem tawm. Cov khoom kawg yog rho tawm me me, uas tsis ua rau poob loj.
Pharmacokinetics ntawm tshuaj
Osmotic diuretic yog metabolized (me) hauv daim siab. Hauv qhov no, qhov tsim ntawm glycogen tshwm sim. Kev tawm ntawm lub cev tshwm sim tom qab pom (glomerular) los ntawm ob lub raum. Reabsorption yog tubular tib lub sijhawm tsis tseem ceeb.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj
Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm osmotic diuretics yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum lub sijhawmcerebral edema, intracranial thiab intraocular hypertension, nrog rau thaum mob glaucoma tawm tsam.
Tshuaj ntawm pab pawg no yog siv rau oliguria hauv lub raum tsis ua haujlwm. Hauv qhov no, ib qho osmotic diuretic yog siv thaum muaj kev nce hauv diuresis. Cov cuab yeej no tsuas yog siv tau nrog lub peev xwm los lim khaws cia.
Lawv yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj lom nrog lithium, bromides, salicylates thiab barbiturates.
Osmotic diuretics yog cov tshuaj uas tsim nyog rau kev siv tom qab kev qhia cov ntshav uas ua rau tsis sib xws, thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov teeb meem tom qab hloov pauv.
Feem ntau, lawv tau siv thaum qee cov txheej txheem phais xws li hla kev phais thiab kev phais ntxiv rau lub cev.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev poob siab, kub hnyiab, sepsis thiab peritonitis, diuretics pab txhim kho kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj lom ntawm lub cev. Lawv txo cov ntshav siab.
Contraindications rau kev siv
Osmotic diuretic yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau:
- Lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.
- Impaired pom muaj peev xwm ntawm lub raum.
- Sab laug ventricular tsis ua haujlwm thiab pulmonary edema.
- Hemorrhagic stroke.
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage.
- Lub cev qhuav dej hnyav.
Tshuaj yuav tsum tsis txhob noj yam tsis muaj kws kho mob sau ntawv. Lawv siv yam tsis tsim nyogtuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj.
Side effects
Thaum siv tshuaj, qee qhov kev phiv tshwm sim tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg tsis xis nyob.
Cov no suav nrog:
- Headache.
- Ntaus thiab ntuav.
- Hemorrhages thiab cov nqaij mos tuag thaum cov khoom nkag hauv qab ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Tej zaum yuav muaj qhov cuam tshuam.
- Muaj peev xwm nce nitrogen (residual) hauv cov ntshav.
Feem ntau, yog tias koj ntsib cov kev mob tshwm sim no, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob noj koj cov tshuaj thiab mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Nws yuav kho cov tshuaj lossis hloov cov tshuaj uas zoo sib xws.
Cov tshuaj twg yog osmotic diuretics?
Cov tshuaj uas nrov tshaj plaws yog "Mannitol". Cov lus qhia rau kev siv yuav ua rau koj paub koj tus kheej nrog nws cov yam ntxwv hauv kev nthuav dav.
Tseem cov tshuaj no suav nrog:
- "Torasemide".
- "Bumetanide".
- YXipamide.
- YChlorthalidon.
- "Politiazit".
Nov yog cov npe tshuaj tsis tiav uas yuav pab tau o thiab lwm yam kab mob. Lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob siv yam tsis muaj kev tso cai los ntawm kws kho mob, ib yam li Mannitol. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv yuav tsis muab rau koj lav tias koj tau xaiv kom raug thiab suav cov koob tshuaj.
Tus yam ntxwv sib piv
"Mannitol" yog siv ntau dua li lwm yam tshuaj vim qhov tseeb tiasuas ua kom muaj zog thiab ntev dua, thiab nws kuj tsis nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm nitrogen hauv daim ntawv seem hauv cov ntshav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, urea nkag mus zoo dua thiab tob rau hauv lub cev thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub hlwb hydration thiab nce intracranial siab 6-7 teev tom qab txhaj tshuaj.
YPotassium-sparing diuretics
Osmotic potassium-sparing diuretics tsis tshem cov poov tshuaj ntawm lub cev, tsis zoo li osmotic diuretics yooj yim. Cov tshuaj koom nrog pab pawg no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub plawv cov leeg, tab sis muaj ib qho kev rho tawm hauv kev sib piv nrog cov tshuaj uas tshem tawm cov poov tshuaj. Nws nyob hauv qhov tseeb tias lawv qhov kev ua haujlwm qeeb qeeb me ntsis, thiab nws pib tsuas yog hnub thib ob lossis thib peb tom qab thov. Tib lub sijhawm, lawv cov nyhuv kav ntev dua.
Potassium-sparing diuretics kws kho mob pom zoo kom siv ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj diuretics. Lawv ib leeg siv rau kev tshem tawm edema yog undesirable, raws li lawv muaj ib tug tsis muaj zog nyhuv.
Lawv txwv tsis pub siv yog tias ib tus neeg muaj mob ntshav siab, lub raum tsis ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv mob hnyav thiab mob ntev, hyponatremia thiab hyperkalemia.
Cov tshuaj uas muaj nyob hauv pab pawg no tsuas yog tso cai rau ntawm daim ntawv tshuaj.
Kev siv cov tshuaj diuretics thaum cev xeeb tub
Siv osmotic diuretics tsuas yog thaum cov txiaj ntsig rau leej niam tshaj qhov kev pheej hmoo rau tus menyuam hauv plab. Qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev teem caij yog ua los ntawm kws kho mob tom qab kuaj thiab kuaj.
Ntau tshaj
Yog tias cov tshuaj noj ntau dua li cov qauv, ces hypervolemia yuav tshwm sim, intracranial siab nce thiab electrolyte-dej tshuav nyiaj li cas yuav cuam tshuam. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua kom cov kua dej tawm sab nraud ntawm lub hlwb. Yog tias qhov ntau npaum li cas yog ntau tshaj, ces lub load ntawm lub plawv yuav nce. Cov neeg muaj kab mob ntawm lub cev no tuaj yeem tsim teeb meem loj uas yuav tsum tau mus kho mob tam sim.
YYog li, diuretic - yog dab tsi? Tam sim no, tom qab nyeem cov ntaub ntawv no, ntau tus paub cov lus teb rau lo lus nug no. Cov tshuaj no muaj xws li diuretics, uas yog siv rau cerebral edema, burns, sepsis thiab ntau lwm yam kab mob. Vim lawv qhov kev ua, lawv txhim kho cov dej ntws tawm hauv cov zis thiab cov ntshav ncig hauv lub raum. Qhov no pab txhawb rau lawv cov kev pom zoo dua. Kev noj tshuaj ntawm pab pawg no tsuas yog tso cai los ntawm kws kho mob xwb, vim tias tsuas yog nws yuav suav cov koob tshuaj kom raug rau koj thiab kuaj xyuas contraindications. Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los ua qhov no ntawm koj tus kheej, thiab qee zaum nws tsis yooj yim sua.
Ua noj qab nyob zoo!
