Raws li koj paub, lub qhov muag ua ib yam iav ntawm tus ntsuj plig. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem qhia koj txog lub xeev tam sim no ntawm tus neeg noj qab haus huv. Yellowness ntawm sclera yog suav hais tias yog ib qho kev ceeb toom uas yuav tsum tsis txhob ignored. Nws ib txwm qhia txog kev hloov pauv hauv lub cev.
daim ntawv pov thawj kho mob
Lub sclera yog cov ntaub so ntswg sab nraud ntawm lub qhov muag. Nws ua haujlwm tiv thaiv. Xws li cov pob khoom ntawm collagen fibers. Nws thickness txawv ntawm 0.3 mus rau 1 hli. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, lub plhaub ntawm lub qhov muag nyias nyias uas nws muaj cov xim xiav, thiab cov xim pom pom feem ntau pom los ntawm nws. Thickness nce nrog hnub nyoog.
Lub ntsiab ua rau daj ntawm lub sclera yog cov xim bilirubin. Feem ntau, nws cov ntsuas hauv cov ntshav ntshav sib txawv li ntawm 8-20.5 µmol / l. Cov pigment zoo li tshwm sim los ntawm kev tawg tas li ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Tom qab nws nkag mus rau hauv daim siab, thiab los ntawm qhov ntawd nws nkag mus rau hauv cov hnyuv ua ib feem ntawm cov kua tsib thiab tawm nrog rau cov quav. Ib feem ntawm bilirubin yog reabsorbed rau hauv cov ntshav los ntawm txoj hnyuv. Nws yog cov xim noUa kom muaj xim ntawm cov quav thiab zis.
jaundice ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab sclera tshwm vim qhov nce hauv cov concentration ntawm bilirubin hauv cov ntshav. Thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim thaum daim duab no nce mus txog 25-45 µmol / l. Koj tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej lawv, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Hauv qab no peb xav txog feem ntau ua rau pathology.
Kab mob ntawm lub cev hepatobiliary thiab pancreas
Hauv ntau yam pathologies ntawm daim siab, muaj qhov ua tsis tiav hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev khi bilirubin hauv hepatocytes vim kev puas tsuaj thiab deformation tom kawg. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov pigment accumulates hauv cov ntshav cov ntshav, ua rau cov tsos mob sib xws.
Cov kab mob siab hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua rau mob daj ntseg ntawm sclera:
- ntau hom kab mob siab;
- fatty hepatosis;
- fibrosis thiab cirrhosis ntawm lub cev;
- kev ua phem phem;
- kab mob kab mob;
- sarcoidosis.
Yellowness ntawm sclera tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob biliary yuav yog vim muaj ntau dhau ntawm bilirubin thiab ua tsis tiav ntawm nws txoj kev txav mus rau hauv txoj hnyuv. Qhov no tshwm sim vim muaj ntau yam laj thawj, piv txwv li, vim kev thaiv cov ducts nrog pob zeb. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov kev tso tawm tag nrho ntawm cov kua tsib raug cuam tshuam, cov kua tsib me me raug torn. Tag nrho cov no ua rau rov qab reflux ntawm cov kua tsib rau hauv cov ntshav, tiv thaiv cov kab mob cholestatic jaundice.
Tus kab mob muaj qhov tshwm sim tshwj xeeb. Cov mucous daim nyias nyias thiab daim tawv nqaij kis ib tug khaus daj tint, ze rau txiv kab ntxwv. tshwmkhaus khaus khaus heev, mob hauv txoj cai hypochondrium. Cov quav yuav tsis muaj xim, thiab cov zis yuav zoo li npias.
Nrog ntau yam pathologies ntawm pancreas (pancreatitis, neoplasms ntawm benign thiab malignant etiology), lub cev loj hlob hauv ntim. Nws pib compress cov kua tsib ducts, yog li lub outflow ntawm lub zais cia yog cuam tshuam. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, jaundice tshwm sim.
kab mob ntshav
Ntau yam kab mob ntshav, tus yam ntxwv los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov qe ntshav liab thiab kev tawg ntawm hemoglobin tom qab, tuaj yeem nrog cov hemolytic variant ntawm jaundice. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, daim tawv nqaij xyaum tsis hloov nws cov xim, thiab sclera tau txais cov xim daj-txiv qaub.
kab mob dab tsi tuaj yeem ua rau cov tsos mob zoo li no?
- Malaria.
- Kev yug me nyuam ntawm cov qe ntshav liab thiab hemoglobin ntawm qib caj ces (Minkowski-Chauffard kab mob, thalassemia).
- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
Icterus ob lub qhov muag hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab
Yellowness ntawm sclera thiab tawv nqaij hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab yog ib qho tshwm sim zoo heev. Tam sim ntawd tom qab yug me nyuam, fetal daim ntawv ntawm hemoglobin, uas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau saturating tus me nyuam hauv plab nrog oxygen nyob rau hauv lub tsev menyuam, disintegrates nyob rau hauv nws lub cev. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, ntau dhau ntawm bilirubin raug tsim. Vim lub immaturity ntawm lub enzymatic systems, tus me nyuam lub cev tsis tau tag nrho "neutralize" nws. Yog li ntawd, physiological jaundice tsim. Tus mob tsis xav tau kev kho mob tshwj xeeb. Daim tawv nqaij thiab sclera, asfeem ntau tshem tawm ntawm lawv tus kheej li ntawm 2-3 lub lis piam.
Qee zaum cov menyuam mos liab tau kuaj pom muaj kab mob jaundice. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog cov hauv qab no:
- kab mob sib kis;
- metabolic disorder;
- noj qee yam tshuaj;
- fetal infections;
- asphyxia thaum lub sijhawm xa khoom;
- ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm endocrine system.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob jaundice tshwm sim tam sim tom qab yug me nyuam. Nws loj hlob sai, kis mus rau xibtes thiab ko taw. Tag nrho cov no yog nrog los ntawm kev tsis zoo ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus menyuam thiab yuav tsum tau muaj kev kho mob sai.
Exchange genetic pathologies
Hauv kev kho mob, muaj ntau yam kab mob uas tshwm sim hauv cov caj ces thiab kev ua txhaum ib txhij ntawm cov metabolism ntawm qee yam tshuaj. Ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob yog yellowness ntawm sclera. Cov kab mob no suav nrog:
- Hemochromatosis (sau cov hlau hauv cov kabmob thiab cov ntaub so ntswg).
- tus kab mob Wilson-Konovalov (kev puas tsuaj rau cov metabolism hauv tooj liab).
- Gilbert's kab mob (ib hom kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib sau ntawm bilirubin hauv cov ntshav).
- Amyloidosis (sau ntawm amyloid protein ntau txawv txav hauv lub cev).
Ophthalmic ua rau
Qee zaum, daj ntawm sclera ntawm lub qhov muag tsis cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem metabolic cuam tshuam rau bilirubin. Cov tsos mob no yog focal nyob rau hauv cov xwm thiab manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm me ntsis ntawm lub plhaub ntawm lub nrig txog kev pom apparatus. Ua rau nwsCov tsos mob yuav tsum tau nrhiav hauv cov kab mob ophthalmic. Cov npe hauv qab no tsuas yog ob peb yam xwb.
Pterygium yog ib yam kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub qhov muag ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv thiab pob tshab pob tshab. Nws cuam tshuam qhov pom kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, tab sis muaj kev kawm qeeb. Cov laj thawj tseeb yeej tsis paub. Txoj kev kho mob nkaus xwb yog kev phais.
Pingvecula yog ib qho me me daj tsim nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag sclera, uas yuav nce me ntsis saum npoo. Nws feem ntau yuam kev rau ib tug wen. Pathology muaj cov chav kawm asymptomatic thiab xyaum tsis cuam tshuam qhov pom. Nws pom muaj feem ntau hauv cov neeg laus. Nws tsis xav tau kev kho tshwj xeeb, tab sis yog tias tus neeg mob xav tau, qhov tsim tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev phais laser.
Melanoma, tsis zoo li wen thiab pinguecula, yog ib qho mob qog nqaij hlav. Nws kuj yog characterized los ntawm kev tsim ntawm ib tug yellowish los yog brownish chaw. Nws yog feem ntau localized nyob rau hauv lub puab ces kaum ntawm lub qhov muag, tab sis yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob. Thaum kuaj pom tus kab mob melanoma no, kev kho mob ceev yuav tsum tau ua. Txwv tsis pub, tus neeg mob yuav tsis pom kev ua haujlwm tag nrho.
Txoj kev kuaj mob qhov teeb meem
Raws li daim duab daj ntawm lub qhov muag sclera, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua qhov kev kuaj mob kom raug. Yog li, cov neeg mob uas muaj cov tsos mob no yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas lub cev.
Ua ntej tshaj, koj yuav tsum pub ntshav biochemistry los txiav txim siab qhov concentration ntawm bilirubin, fibrinogen, gamma-albumin. Tom qab ntawd ua ultrasound.daim siab, thaum lub sij hawm qhov luaj li cas ntawm lub cev, tus mob ntawm tus po yog soj ntsuam. Yog tias xav tias muaj kab mob siab, rheohepatography thiab puncture biopsy raug tshuaj.
Kev kho mob
Kev kho tus kab mob yog ua raws li qhov ua rau daj ntawm lub qhov muag sclera. Qee qhov xwm txheej, tshuaj txaus txaus, thaum lwm tus, kev cuam tshuam kev phais twb xav tau. Piv txwv li, physiological neonatal jaundice tsis hais txog kev kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, nws daim ntawv pathological xav kom tus menyuam nyob hauv qab lub teeb tshwj xeeb thiab noj tshuaj. Nrog cirrhosis, kev kho mob yog cov tsos mob, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mob hnyav, kev hloov pauv hauv nruab nrog cev tau ua.
Ntxiv thiab, thaum sau tshuaj kho mob, kev sab laj ntawm cov kws kho mob nqaim yuav xav tau.
Txoj Kev Tiv Thaiv
Yog tias yellowness ntawm sclera thiab tawv nqaij tshwm, qhov no yog qhov laj thawj rau kev rov xav txog koj txoj kev ua neej thiab kev noj haus. Kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj, haus dej cawv, tsis txaus cov as-ham hauv lub cev - tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem ua rau kom tau txais qhov ntxoov ntxoo tsis zoo ntawm lub qhov muag plhaub. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov kws kho mob sai li sai tau:
- Tshem tawm tag nrho "khoom noj khoom haus" los ntawm kev noj zaub mov, nrog rau cov khoom qab zib thiab qab ntsev.
- Txhob tshem tawm kev haus cawv kom tiav.
- Sim noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub tshiab ntxiv. Thaum lub caij ntuj no, koj tuaj yeem noj cov vitamin complexes, tab sis tsuas yog tom qab sab laj nrog kws kho mob.
tseem ceeb heevsiv sijhawm ntau rau so, thiab nws yuav tsum yog. Qhov no tsis yog hais txog kev saib TV, tab sis hais txog kev taug kev hauv huab cua ntshiab, ua kis las uas ua tau. Txij li thaum yau, cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tau qhia rau kev ua si zoo li no.
Raws li koj paub, txhua yam kab mob los ntawm paj hlwb. Yog li ntawd, qhov tseem ceeb no kuj yuav tsum tau sim kom tshem tawm ntawm lub neej. Txog rau qhov kawg no, cov kws kho mob tau qhia nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev yuam kom ua haujlwm ntau dhau los so, sim tsis txhob nqa lub nra hnyav. Cov chav kawm yoga, kev xav, kev so so kuj pab tau. Txhua tus tuaj yeem nrhiav kev xaiv raws li lawv nyiam thiab nyiam.
