Tsis txhob ntshai yog tias koj tus kws kho mob muaj tshuaj rau cyanocobalamin - nws tsuas yog cov vitamin, uas nrov npe hu ua B12. Zoo li lwm yam tshuaj los ntawm pab pawg no, nws yuav siv sij hawm ib feem ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg lub cev, thiab nws qhov tsis txaus tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tib neeg. Cyanocobalamin txhawb nqa cov ntaub so ntswg zoo dua qub, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub paj hlwb thiab cov hlab ntsha. Nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub siab thiab tswj cov ntshav txhaws. Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham txog cov tshuaj no, kawm txog nws cov indications thiab contraindications, zoo thiab tsis zoo, xav txog tej analogues ntawm lub khw thiab cov neeg mob xyuas.
Cyanocobalamin - cov vitamin no yog dab tsi?
Lub npe ntawm cov tshuaj yog los ntawm tib yam khoom muaj nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov tshuaj no muaj cov nyhuv hematopoietic rau tib neeg lub cev, uas txhawb nqa cov metabolism hauv cellular. Nws yog tshuaj rau dermatological thiab neurological kab mob, nyob rau hauvtxoj kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm daim siab thiab cov ntshav, thiab tseem tuaj yeem pom zoo rau kev tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm qee yam mob. Vitamin B12 ua ke nrog lwm cov vitamins thiab minerals pab ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab txhim kho cov tsos mob, vim nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov tawv nqaij thiab plaub hau.
daim ntawv kho mob thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg
Cyanocobalamin muaj nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv - ib qho kev daws rau subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular thiab intralumbar tswj. Muaj ntau qhov sib txawv, nyob ntawm seb cov xim ntawm cov kua tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm liab dawb mus rau tob liab. Cyanocobalamin yog tsim nyob rau hauv ampoules packed nyob rau hauv contour hlwb los yog cardboard tais, uas yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub thawv ntawv. Txhua ampoule muaj 1 ml ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj 0.2 lossis 0.5 mg ntawm cyanocobalamin. Cov khoom siv pabcuam - sodium chloride thiab dej rau kev txhaj tshuaj.
Pharmacodynamics thiab pharmacokinetics
Cov tshuaj belongs rau pawg kws tshuaj ntawm cov vitamins. Cyanocobalamin, raws li txoj cai, nkag mus rau lub siab, qhov twg nws yog metabolized. Nws hloov mus ua 2 yam khoom: methylcobalamin thiab 5-deoxyadenosylcobalamin. Thawj yog ib tus neeg koom tes hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov homocysteine mus rau methionine thiab S-adenosylmethionine. Cov khoom thib ob yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm carbohydrates thiab lipid metabolism. Yog li, qhov tsis muaj cyanocobalamin hauv lub cev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov hlwb ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg hematopoietic thiab epithelium thiab ua tsis tiav hauv cov txheej txheem.tsim ntawm myelin sheath ntawm neurons.
Qhov feem ntau thiab dav tsim tshuaj lom neeg nrog vitamin B12 kev ua haujlwm yog cyanocobalamin. Txawm hais tias cov khoom no yuav luag 100% dag. Cyanocobalamin tsis tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob uas muaj sia nyob, tab sis thaum noj, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom nkag mus rau hauv ib qho active B12 compound. Hauv lwm lo lus, cyanocobalamin yog vitamer (los yog daim ntawv) ntawm B12.
Hais txog pharmacokinetics, cyanocobalamin, nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav, khi rau cov tshuaj transcobalamin uas thauj B12 mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg. Tom qab ntawd, nws accumulates nyob rau hauv daim siab thiab ces yog noj los ntawm lub cev ntawm nws tus kheej los ntawm excretion nrog bile mus rau hauv txoj hnyuv, los ntawm qhov uas nws yog dua absorbed rau hauv cov ntshav. Ib nrab-lub neej ntawm cov khoom yog 500 hnub.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv
Koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau tshuaj cyanocobalamin rau txhua yam mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm vitamin B12 tsis txaus. Raws li txoj cai, cov no yog cov mob anemias (alimentary macrocytic thiab Addison-Birmer's disease). Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tau sau tseg rau hauv txoj kev kho mob ntawm txhua yam kev mob ntshav qab zib, xws li tsis muaj hlau tsis muaj hlau thiab posthemorrhagic.
Cyanocobalamin feem ntau suav nrog hauv cov tshuaj uas tau sau tseg rau feem ntau cov kab mob neurological thiab dermatological, kab mob siab. Namely:
- cirrhosis ntawm daim siab;
- funicular myelosis;
- kab mob siab ntev;
- siab tsis ua hauj lwm;
- polyneuritis;
- hypotrophy;
- sciatica;
- neuralgia;
- kab mob ntawm lub paj hlwb peripheral;
- Kab mob Down;
- dermatosis;
- psoriasis;
- atopic dermatitis;
- CP;
- dermatitis herpetiformis;
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;
- mob hluav taws xob mob.
Tsis tas li, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau tshuaj cyanocobalamin hauv qhov xwm txheej thaum muaj qhov tshwm sim siab ntawm malabsorption ntawm cov tshuaj no, piv txwv li, nrog rau cov kab mob ntawm lub plab thiab cov hnyuv, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv thaum muab tshuaj baguanides, ascorbic thiab Para-aminosalicylic acid nyob rau hauv ntau npaum.
Contraindications rau noj
Cyanocobalamin yog txwv tsis pub noj nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no:
- erythremia;
- erythrocytosis;
- thromboembolism;
- hypersensitivity rau tshuaj tivthaiv;
- Y cev xeeb tub thiab lactation.
txheeb ze contraindications, uas yog, cov xwm txheej thaum cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj heev thiab nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas kev kho mob:
- angina;
- xav kom ntshav txhaws;
- megaloblastic anemia thiab B12 deficiency vim benign thiab malignant neoplasms.
Muaj peev xwm tsis zoo ntawm lub cev rau cyanocobalamin
Tus kws kho mob uas sau ntawv tshuaj rau cyanocobalamin yuav tsum ceeb toom tus neeg mob txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo ntawm lub cev:
- mob taub hau;
- kiv taub hau;
- tachycardia;
- mob plab;
- xov xwm zoo siab;
- cardialgia;
- tshuaj tsis haum.
Kev mob tshwm sim tsawg tsawg xws li kev poob siab anaphylactic. Thaum muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo, tus neeg mob, yog tias tsim nyog, tau txais kev kho mob. Kev txais tos ntawm cyanocobalamin raug tshem tawm tag nrho, lossis hloov kho ntau npaum li cas.
Tshuaj noj tshuaj thiab cov tsos mob ntau dhau
Cyanocobalamin yog tshuaj tom qab txiav txim qhov tsis muaj vitamin B12. Tus kws kho mob yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias lub cev xav tau cov tshuaj no. Txwv tsis pub, tej zaum yuav muaj ntau dhau ntawm cov vitamin hauv lub cev, uas tsis muaj qhov txaus ntshai tsawg dua.
Thaum lub sijhawm kho mob los ntawm kev qhia txog kev daws teeb meem ntawm cyanocobalamin, kev saib xyuas cov ntshav peripheral tsis tu ncua. Qib ntawm cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv nws ntawm reticulocytes thiab concentration ntawm hlau yog txiav txim. Cov kev kho mob ntxiv yog nyob ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tau.
Qhov ntau npaum li cas thiab lub sijhawm ntawm kev kho mob yog xaiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob tus kheej, nyob ntawm qhov hnyav thiab hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg, nws keeb kwm, nrog rau cov lus qhia rau kev noj cyanocobalamin. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev siv tshuaj ntau npaum li cas yog muab rau cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm thiab tsis tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov tseeb. Cyanocobalamin tsuas yog tshuaj tom qab kuaj xyuas thiab siv rau hauv kev kho mob raws li kev saib xyuas kho mob.
- Kev kho mob ntawm B12 deficiency - 200 mcg / hnub.
- Kho mob ntshav qab zib feem ntau - 500mcg/hnub. Thawj lub lim tiam yog siv txhua hnub, tom qab ntawd cov lus qhia ntawm cov tshuaj maj mam txo mus rau 1 txhaj tshuaj txhua 5 hnub.
- Hauv cov mob hnyav - 30 mcg rau ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj, ua raws li kev siv tshuaj ntau ntxiv. Piv txwv li, thawj 30, tom qab ntawd 50, 100, 150 thiab 200 mcg. Kev taw qhia ntawm cyanocobalamin yog nqa tawm intralumbally, uas yog, mus rau hauv lub kwj dej ntawm tus txha caj qaum.
- Nyob rau hauv kev kho cov kab mob neurological nrog rau qhov mob tawm tsam - 300-400 mcg / hnub, ces 100 mcg.
- Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob cirrhosis ntawm daim siab - 70 mcg / hnub.
- Kev kho mob hluav taws xob - 80 mcg / hnub.
- Cov me nyuam muaj ntshav liab - 100 mcg.
Yog tias muaj kev noj ntau dhau ntawm cyanocobalamin, qhov kev txiav txim yuav ua raws li hauv qab no:
- pulmonary edema;
- vascular thrombosis;
- anaphylactic shock;
- lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm;
- urticaria.
Thaum ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej no tshwm sim, kev kho mob tau muab tshuaj. Kev noj ntau dhau ntawm cyanocobalamin nrog kev kho kom txaus (nrog rau kev xaiv koob tshuaj kom raug) tsis tau txheeb xyuas txog hnub no.
Kev cuam tshuam tshuaj yeeb tshuaj
Los ntawm txoj kev, cyanocobalamin yog "tsis yog phooj ywg" nrog ntau lwm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov vitamins B - thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine. Kev siv ua ke nrog thawj zaug yog qhov txaus ntshai tshwj xeeb, txij li B12 txhim kho cov tshuaj tsis haum rau thiamine. Nws tseem yog tshuaj tsis sib haum nrog ascorbic acid.
txo qis kev nqus ntawm cyanocobalamin thaum noj ua ke nrog xws liKhoom siv:
- aminoglycosides;
- tetracyclines;
- polymyxin;
- salicylates;
- colchicine;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
- poov tshuaj npaj.
Cyanocobalamin tsis sib haum nrog cov tshuaj los ntawm pawg coagulants thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ncauj. Thiab feem ntau cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv metabolite " zais" cov ntsiab lus tseeb ntawm cyanocobalamin hauv cov ntshav thaum lub sijhawm kev tshawb fawb microbiological.
Cyanocobalamin: daim ntawv qhia hauv Latin thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv
Rp: Sol. Cyancobalamini 0.05% - 1 ml
1. t. d. N 10 hauv ampull.
2. 1 ml IM ib zaug txhua 2 hnub.
Cov tshuaj khaws cia: ntawm qhov kub tsis siab tshaj +25 degrees, zam kev tshav ntuj ncaj qha. Yuav tsum muab zais ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Cov tshuaj tuaj yeem khaws cia rau 2 xyoos txij li hnub tsim khoom. Tsis suav nrog siv tom qab hnub uas tau teev tseg rau ntawm pob. Nws raug tso tawm los ntawm cov khw muag tshuaj los ntawm cov tshuaj. Tus nqi nruab nrab hauv Russia yog 24 rubles.
Analogues ntawm cyanocobalamin
Rau qee yam nws yuav tsim nyog hloov tshuaj. Tsuas muaj ob peb analogues ntawm cyanocobalamin:
- "Triovit";
- "Neuromin";
- "Medivitan";
- "Neurocobal".
Hloov cyanocobalamin nrog ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj saum toj no tsuas yog muab los ntawm koj tus kws kho mob xwb. Ua tib zoo kawm cov lus qhia rau ib qho ntawm cov analogues yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis suav nrog contraindications.
Reviews
Raws li hauv kev kho nrog lwm yam tshuaj, qhov tseem ceeb thaum noj cyanocobalamin yog cov tshuaj kom raug, kev kho mob txaus thiab lub sijhawm kawm. Yog tias koj ua raws li cov cai yooj yim, tsis muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv yuav tshwm sim. Koj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov no los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj cyanocobalamin. Txawm hais tias nws muaj tus nqi "tsis txaus ntseeg", cov tshuaj ua haujlwm zoo kawg nkaus. Txawm li cas los xij cov lus qhia rau kev siv, cyanocobalamin yuav ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm los ntawm 100%, ua kom tsis muaj B12 hauv lub cev sai li sai tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg mob tau kho nrog cyanocobalamin qhia txog kev mob siab rau tshuaj zoo heev. Kev kho mob hauv chav kawm ua rau muaj kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv cov xwm txheej: endurance nce, tsaug zog thiab apathy ploj mus. Cyanocobalamin kuj tseem pab txhawb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov kab mob hematopoietic thiab txhim kho cov ntshav ncig.
Cov neeg uas twb tau tswj xyuas lawv tus kheej seb cov vitamin zoo li cas - cyanocobalamin, paub tseeb tias yog tus kws kho mob tau sau cov tshuaj no, ib tus yuav tsum tau txais kev ua haujlwm siab los ntawm kev xaiv kho. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau tus ntxhais siv cov ntsiab lus ntawm ampoules rau kev kho plaub hau. Qhov ncauj qhov ntswg tau npaj nrog kev daws ntawm cyanocobalamin, thiab nws kuj yog rubbed rau hauv cov hauv paus hniav hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab. Ntawm no, cov kev txheeb xyuas kuj yog qhov zoo heev - cov curls ua kom muaj zog, dandruff ploj, ci tshwm. Yog li, yog tias lwm tus neeg tsis ntseeg txog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj, tsis txhob txhawj txog nws. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog txoj kev kho yog ua raws li tus kws kho mob sau ntawv.
Qhia meej txog kev ua ntawm cov tshuaj thiab nws lub peev xwm tuaj yeem pom hauvSaib daim vis dis aus saum toj no, uas tus kws kho mob paj hlwb qhia nws txoj kev paub thiab kev xav.
