"Azithromycin" yog ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob muaj zog los ntawm pab pawg ntawm macrolides, uas yog siv los ntawm cov kws kho mob ntawm ntau yam profiles los kho cov kab mob los ntawm cov kab mob nkag mus rau nws. Feem ntau, txoj kev siv "Azithromycin" yog qhov ncauj. Ntawd yog, nws tau noj hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj, tshuaj ntsiav lossis kev ncua ntawm ntau npaum li cas. Kev siv daim ntawv txhaj tshuaj yog qhia tshwj xeeb yog mob hnyav hauv tsev kho mob.
Pharmacological action
"Azithromycin" yog hais txog dav-spectrum macrolide tshuaj tua kab mob. Nws muaj cov nyhuv bacteriostatic. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov tshuaj, nkag mus rau hauv cov kab mob phab ntsa, nres cov txheej txheem hluavtaws tseem ceeb hauv nws, ua kom qeeb thiab nres nws txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev tsim tawm. Qhov loj ntawm cov tshuaj tuaj yeem tua cov microbe tam sim ntawdyog ua bactericidal. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim sab nraud thiab sab hauv lub cell cuam tshuam ntawm tib neeg lub cev.
Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev teem caij thiab txoj kev thov ntawm "Azithromycin" nyob ntawm qhov rhiab heev ntawm cov kab mob rau cov tshuaj no. Gram-positive (staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae thiab pyogenes) thiab gram-negative microorganisms (hemophilic bacillus, legionella, moraxella catarrhalis, pasteurella, gonorrhea neisseria), anaerobes (clostridia, myophilic bacillus, legionella, moraxella catarrhalis, pasteurella, gonorrhea neisseria), anaerobes (clostridia, myoplasma plasma, fusoplasma, fusoplasma, myocardial infarction). borrelia muaj rhiab heev rau nws.. Fecal enterococcus, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, thiab fragilis bacteroids tiv taus cov tshuaj no.
Kev nqus thiab tshem tawm
Tom qab siv cov ntsiav tshuaj Azithromycin, cov tshuaj tau nqus mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab ncav cuag nws qhov siab tshaj plaws hauv ob thiab ib nrab teev. Nws yooj yim dhau los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg teeb meem, yog li nws sai sai pib ua nyob rau hauv cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev, thiab tseem tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov hlwb cuam tshuam. Txij li thaum cov tshuaj tau thauj mus thoob plaws lub cev nrog kev pab ntawm leukocytes, nws cov concentration ntawm qhov chaw ntawm tus kab mob yog ib feem peb siab tshaj nyob rau hauv lub cev noj qab haus huv thiab hlwb.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau kev ua cov tshuaj tshwm sim hauv daim siab nrog kev pab ntawm enzymes. Ib nrab-lub neej yog nyob rau nruab nrab 50 teev. Ib nrab ntawm cov tshuaj tau tawm hauv cov quav, 6 feem pua ntawm cov zis. Muaj cov khoom sib txuam, "Azithromycin" tuaj yeem tswj hwm nws cov txiaj ntsig rau ib lub lis piam tom qab kev txais tos.dhau.
Kev qhia
Kev siv "Azithromycin" hauv cov tshuaj ntsiav ntawm 500 thiab 250 mg thiab cov ntsiav tshuaj hauv cov koob tshuaj zoo sib xws nyob ntawm tus kab mob.
Cov lus qhia rau kev sau tshuaj yog:
- Cov kab mob kis tau ntawm nasopharynx, cov kab mob ua pa sab saud, pob ntseg, tonsillitis, tonsillitis, scarlet fever, pharyngitis (mob ntawm phab ntsa pharyngeal), laryngitis (inflammatory pathology ntawm lub larynx), sinusitis (sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, etmoiditis, sphenoiditis), otitis media.
- Pathology tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob cuam tshuam rau txoj kev ua pa qis (mob bronchitis thiab chronic exacerbation, pneumonia).
- Cov txheej txheem kab mob hauv daim tawv nqaij thiab cov ntaub so ntswg subcutaneous (erysipelas, impetigo (pyoderma tshwm sim los ntawm staphylococci), pob txuv nruab nrab, kab mob thib ob vim yog kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij).
- Lyme borreliosis nyob rau theem pib, tshwm sim los ntawm erythema migrans (annular pob).
- Cov kab mob ua rau cov kab mob tso zis (pyelonephritis yam tsis muaj lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, cystitis) thiab cov kab mob hauv qhov chaw mos (cervicitis, urethritis) tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob chlamydial.
- Helicobacter pylori kab mob uas ua rau lub plab thiab duodenal rwj.
YContraindications
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv cov ntsiav tshuaj Azithromycin kom meej meej qhia cov xwm txheej raws li cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tsis txhob noj:
- Ntsia tus me nyuam.
- Tus neeg intolerance rau cov tshuaj nyob rau hauvyav tas los.
- Ntau rhiab heev rau macrolides.
- Me nyuam hnub nyoog txog rau lub hlis.
- Combined nrog ergotamine thiab dihydroergotamine (tshuaj kho mob migraine).
- raum tsis ua haujlwm hnyav.
- siab tsis zoo.
Txoj kev thov thiab koob tshuaj "Azithromycin"
Cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj, tsiav tshuaj los yog ncua kev kawm ntawv yog noj ntawm qhov ncauj. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj yog ntev, yog li nws yuav tsum tau noj ib zaug ib hnub, tib lub sijhawm. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov khoom ntawm kev nqus ntawm cov tshuaj, qhov no yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm kev tos ob teev, lossis ib teev ua ntej noj mov.
Cov ntawv ntsiav tshuaj tsis tas yuav zom, siv cov kua me me. Txhawm rau npaj qhov kev ncua, siv cov hmoov, uas cov dej txias txias ntxiv rau qhov xav tau.
Txoj kev siv "Azithromycin" rau cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 12 xyoos thiab hnyav dua 45 kilograms nyob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub cev thiab lub cev.
Hauv cov kab mob sib kis ntawm nasopharynx, pob ntseg, ntsws, bronchi, daim tawv nqaij thiab cov qauv hauv qab, noj 500 mg ntawm cov tshuaj ib hnub ib zaug rau peb hnub ua ke. Tsuas yog 1.5 grams.
Kev siv "Azithromycin" 500 mg ib hnub rau peb hnub sib law liag nrog kev siv tshuaj ntxiv hauv qhov koob tshuaj no ib zaug hauv ib lub lis piam rau cuaj lub lis piam yog xyaum nrog pob txuv vulgaris, tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv me me. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, rau 6 grams ntawm cov tshuaj tawm los rau kev kho mob.
Lyme borreliosis nyob rau theem pibKev tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob raug kho raws li cov tswv yim: thawj hnub - 1 gram (ob ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 500 mg), tom qab ntawd los ntawm hnub thib ob mus rau tsib hnub koob tshuaj raug txo rau ib ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 500 mg. Tag nrho cov koob tshuaj yuav yog peb grams.
Txoj kev siv "Azithromycin" rau chlamydia: ob ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 500 mg ib hnub. Ib gram xwb.
Daim ntawv txhaj tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj yog siv rau kev mob ntsws hnyav, hloov cov tshuaj nrog cov tshuaj intramuscular lossis intravenous drip infusions. Cov tshuaj rau kev txhaj tshuaj muaj 500 mg ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag, uas yog diluted nrog dej rau kev txhaj tshuaj thiab txhaj tshuaj intramuscularly lossis, diluted nrog sodium chloride, dextrose lossis Ringer cov tshuaj hauv qhov nyiaj ntawm 500 ml, maj mam instilled rau peb teev. Tom qab kawm peb hnub, nrog rau qhov ua kom ruaj khov, cov tshuaj tau txuas ntxiv mus rau hauv daim ntawv tshuaj ntsiav lossis ntsiav tshuaj.
Txoj kev siv "Azithromycin" rau mob raum (pyelonephritis) nyob ntawm lub raum ua haujlwm. Nws yuav tsum raug sau rau ntawm tus qauv koob tshuaj ntawm 500 mg rau peb hnub nkaus xwb yog tias lub raum pom kev khaws cia, thiab yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem muab lwm cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsim nyog rau lub raum mob.
Rau qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm tus kab mob Helicobacter pylori, cov tshuaj ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj yog noj ib gram ib hnub rau peb hnub.
Txoj kev siv "Azithromycin" rau menyuam yaus
Txog 12 xyoos, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov hmoov hmoov ntawm cov tshuaj rau kev npaj ntawm kev ncua txhawm rau txhawm rau suav cov tshuaj raws li qhov hnyav ntawm tus menyuam. Raws li cov lus qhia rau kev siv "Azithromycin" (250mg) cov tshuaj no tau muab rau cov menyuam yaus, suav nrog qhov feem ntawm 10 mg / kg.
Ncua tseg 200 mg / 5 ml koob tshuaj raws li hauv qab no:
- Cov me nyuam los ntawm 10 mus rau 14 kilograms - ib nrab daus (100 mg) - 2.5 ml.
- 15 txog 25 kg - ib rab diav (200 mg) - 5 ml.
- Los ntawm 26 mus rau 35 kilograms - ib thiab ib nrab diav (300 mg) - 7.5 ml.
- Los ntawm 35-45 kg - ob diav (400 mg) - 10 ml.
Ncua 100 mg / 5 ml koob tshuaj raws li hauv qab no:
- Cov menyuam hnyav 10-14 kilograms - ib rab diav (100 mg) - 5 ml.
- 15 mus rau 25 kg - ob daim (200 mg) - 10 ml.
- Me nyuam los ntawm 26 mus rau 35 kilograms - peb diav (300 mg) - 15 ml.
- Cov me nyuam 35-45 kg - plaub daim (400 mg) - 20 ml.
Side effects
Txawm hais tias txoj kev siv Azithromycin raug, cov teebmeem tsis zoo yuav tshwm sim:
- Cov kab mob plab zom mov tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov tsos mob dyspeptic thiab mob siab: raws plab (10%), xeev siab, ntuav, mob plab (9.99-1%), nce roj tsim, cem quav, nqos nyuaj, dryness ntawm qhov ncauj mucosa, nce salivation, belching, ulceration ntawm qhov ncauj mucosa, kab mob siab, anorexia (0.99-0.1%), o ntawm tus txiav, cholestatic jaundice (txog 0.01%). Muaj tsawg zaus, daim siab tsis ua haujlwm, necrotic decomposition ntawm daim siab cov ntaub so ntswg, mus txog rau kev tuag.
- Lub paj hlwb thiab cov neeg soj ntsuam raug kev txom nyem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm: mob taub hau (9.99-1%), saj cuam tshuam, kiv taub hau, xav"Goosebumps" ntawm lub cev, pw tsaug zog, chim siab, tsis pom kev thiab hnov lus tsis zoo, asthenia (0.99-0.1%), agitated cwj pwm (0.099-0.01%), fainting, convulsions kuj tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim, kev hloov hauv olfactory functions, hallucinations, Cov tsos mob delusional, lag ntseg thiab myasthenia gravis.
- Lub plawv thiab cov kab mob ua pa reacts nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm: tachycardia, ua tsis taus pa luv, mob hauv siab, liab ntawm lub ntsej muag, nosebleeds (0.99-0.1%), heev tsis tshua muaj hypotension, arrhythmia, nce nyob rau hauv Q -interval tuaj yeem tshwm sim T ntawm electrocardiogram.
- Cov kab mob genitourinary tej zaum yuav raug kev txom nyem, qhov no qhia los ntawm qhov mob ntawm lub raum, tso zis tsis zoo, edema, cov ntshav tawm hauv cov poj niam, testicular dysfunction nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej (0.99-0.1%), nyob rau hauv tsis tshua muaj neeg mob. mob raum tsis ua hauj lwm.
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm Quincke's edema thiab daim tawv nqaij ua pob khaus, khaus, urticaria thiab kub taub hau (0.99-0.1%), tau muaj cov xwm txheej tsis paub txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm anaphylactic shock, Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
- Daim tawv nqaij, pob qij txha thiab cov leeg pob txha tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog: daim tawv nqaij qhuav thiab mob, tawm hws, mob caj dab, mob nqaij (0.99-0.1%), nce rhiab heev rau tshav ntuj (0.099- 0.01%.
- Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem kab mob sib kis: candidiasis, mob ntsws ntawm lub ntsws, tom qab pharyngeal phab ntsa, qhov ntswg, mob plab (0.99-0.1%), nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm pseudomembranous colitis hauv ib feem tsis paub.
- Hauv cov ntshav, qhov txo qis hauv leukocytes vim yoglymphocytic tivthaiv, nce eosinophils, monocytic hlwb thiab basophils (9.99-1%), kev loj hlob ntawm daim siab enzymes nyob rau hauv cov ntshav biochemistry, bilirubin, urea, creatinine, chlorine, qabzib, sodium, platelets thiab hematocrit (0.99-0.1%), txo platelets., hemolytic anemia (0.099-0.01%).
Qee yam
Kev siv "Azithromycin" (txoj kev pom saum toj no) yuav tsum tau ua nrog ceev faj:
- Nyob rau hauv cov kab mob ntawm daim siab thiab lub raum, ua rau lub cev tsis ua haujlwm loj.
- kab mob plawv (arrhythmias, nce QT lub sijhawm).
- YMyasthenia gravis.
Nyob rau me me mus rau nruab nrab ua rau lub raum thiab lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo, nrog rau cov neeg laus, cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis tas yuav txo qis.
Thaum siv tshuaj ntau dhau, cov tsos mob dyspeptic tuaj yeem tshwm sim, nrog rau kev hnov lus tsis zoo uas ploj mus dhau sijhawm.
Thaum tsim kev tsis haum tshuaj, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob. Kev kho mob thiab kev soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no yuav siv sij hawm me ntsis.
Vim muaj peev xwm tsim cov kev cuam tshuam los ntawm lub paj hlwb, yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev thaum ua haujlwm ntawm qhov siab thiab tsav tsheb.
Kev Sib Tham Tshuaj
Antacids ("Renny", "Vikalin") tuaj yeem txo cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj plaws ntawm "Azithromycin" hauv cov hlab ntshav los ntawm 30%, yog li, ob teev yuav tsum dhau ntawm kev noj tshuaj.
Kev txais tos nrog "Digoxin" nce nws cov ntsiab lus hauvntshav. Tej zaum koj yuav tau kho qhov koob tshuaj Digoxin.
Thaum siv Azithromycin nrog Cyclosporine, qhov concentration ntawm cov tom kawg tuaj yeem nce ntxiv, uas yuav tsum tau txo qis hauv nws qhov ntau npaum li cas.
Kev noj ntau ntawm Azithromycin thiab Nelfinavir tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav nce ntxiv, tab sis tsis muaj kev phiv ntau ntxiv.
Kev sib xyaw nrog Warfarin yuav tsum tau saib xyuas INR ntau dua.
Tshuaj kho mob migraine nrog ergotamine thiab dihydroergotamine nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev lom thaum cuam tshuam nrog "Azithromycin".
Analogues
- Azitral, Shreya life sciences Pvt. Ltd. (lub teb chaws tsim khoom - Is Nrias teb) muaj nyob rau hauv 250 mg capsules, ntim rau hauv hlwv ntawm 6, 12, 18 lossis 24 daim, nrog rau hauv 500 mg capsules ntawm 3, 6, 9 lossis 12 daim ib lub thawv. Tus nqi ntawm 210 txog 343 rubles.
- Sumamed, PLIVA HRVATSKA, d.o.o. (Croatia) yog tsim nyob rau hauv ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 125 mg (rau ntsiav tshuaj txhua), 500 mg (peb ntsiav tshuaj), raws li ib tug hmoov rau kev tsim ntawm ib tug 100 mg / 5 ml cov me nyuam ncua kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv ib lub vial, nrog rau ib diav thiab ib koob txhaj koob tshuaj.. Tus nqi - los ntawm 330 txog 1650 rubles.
- Hemomycin, HEMOFARM A. D. (Serbia) muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv encapsulated ntawm 250 mg (6 daim), nyob rau hauv hmoov daim ntawv rau diluting ib ncua kev kawm ntawv noj ntawm qhov ncauj ntawm ib koob ntawm 200 mg / 5 ml los yog 100 mg / 5 ml (rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog pawg), hauv ntsiav tshuaj 500 mg (rau cov neeg laus) nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm peb daim, thiab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug lyophilisate rau kev npaj ntawm ib tug tov rau infusion ntawm ib koob tshuaj ntawm 500 mg ib zaug.lub raj mis. Tus nqi sib txawv ntawm 270 txog 340 rubles.
- "Azithromycin Ecomed", JSC "AVVA RUS" ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv tsev hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj ntawm rau daim ntawm ib koob ntawm 250 mg thiab peb daim ntawm ib koob ntawm 500 mg ntawm tus nqi ntawm 156 txog 217 rubles.
- "Azitroks", OJSC "Pharmstandard-leksredstva" (Russia) yog cov hmoov hmoov rau kev tsim cov tshuaj ncua kev noj ntawm qhov ncauj ntawm koob tshuaj 100 mg / 5 ml thiab 200 mg / 5 ml. Lub raj mis muaj 15.9 grams hmoov muab tso rau hauv ib lub thawv nrog ib rab diav. Ntxiv rau cov tshuaj ntsiav ntawm 250 mg rau daim thiab 500 mg peb daim nqi ntawm 263 txog 358 rubles.
- "Azitrus", OJSC "Sintez" yog tsim nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv capsules ntawm 250 (6 pieces), nyob rau hauv hmoov rau kev tswj raws li ib tug ncua kev kawm ntawv rau cov me nyuam 200 mg / 5 ml, 100 mg / 5 ml, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv hmoov rau tus kheej-dilution ntawm ncua kev kawm ntawv ntawm ib koob ntawm 50 mg (peb los yog rau daim), 100 mg thiab 200 mg. Nws raug nqi hauv cov khw muag tshuaj los ntawm 210 txog 559 rubles.
Yog li, koj tau nyeem cov lus qhia rau kev siv "Azithromycin" (250 thiab 500 mg).
