Txhua xyoo ntau thiab ntau tus neeg uas muaj kev fab tshuaj ntau zuj zus tuaj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias cov tsos mob ntawm anaphylactic poob siab yog dab tsi yog li koj tuaj yeem pab tus neeg mob lub sijhawm thiab tiv thaiv tus neeg raug mob tuag.
Anaphylactic shock yog ib qho mob hnyav ntawm kev ua xua uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj tshuaj thib ob ntawm cov tshuaj tsis haum rau hauv lub cev. Nws manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ntse txo nyob rau hauv siab, tsis nco qab, cov tsos mob hauv zos.
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm anaphylactic poob siab feem ntau tshwm sim hauv 1-15 feeb txij li lub sijhawm sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj tsis haum thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg tuag yog tias tsis muaj peev xwm pab tau raws sijhawm.
Ntse ntawm pathology
Anaphylactic shock yog ib qho mob hnyav uas tshwm sim thaum lub cev tau ntsib nrog qee yam khoom txawv teb chaws. Cov mob no yog hais txog kev tsis haum tshuaj tam sim ntawd, nyob rau hauv uas kev sib xyaw ntawm antigens nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tso tawm cov tshuaj lom neeg rau hauv cov ntshav.tshuaj.
Lawv ua rau muaj qhov nce hauv vascular permeability, ua rau cov ntshav microcirculation tsis zoo, cov leeg nqaij spasm ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev thiab lwm yam kab mob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntshav siab poob qis, thiab cov kabmob hauv nruab nrog cev thiab lub hlwb tsis tau txais cov pa oxygen, uas yog qhov ua rau tsis nco qab.
Nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias kev poob siab anaphylactic yog qhov tsis txaus ntawm lub cev rau kev sib cuag nrog cov khoom ua xua. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom hu rau lub tsheb thauj neeg mob tam sim ntawd, vim tias qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem loj heev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los muab kev saib xyuas xwm txheej ceev rau kev poob siab anaphylactic. Lub algorithm ntawm kev ua nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum tau meej thiab kev sib koom tes, txij li thaum lub neej ntawm tus neeg raug tsim txom feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov no.
Qhov mob hnyav ntawm tus neeg mob feem ntau yog nyob ntawm qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Feem ntau, kev poob siab anaphylactic yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm cov khoom noj lossis tshuaj ua xua, tab sis nws tuaj yeem txhim kho hauv cov lus teb rau txhua yam ua xua.
Pathology hauv menyuam yaus
Hom kab mob no yog qhov txaus ntshai tsis yog rau cov neeg laus xwb, tab sis kuj rau menyuam yaus. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim sai heev, thiab yog tias tsis muaj kev pab raws sijhawm, muaj ntau yam teeb meem tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb, xws li:
- txhawj xeeb;
- collapse;
- stroke;
- tsis nco qab.
Cov xeev zoo sib xws tshwm sim tom qab li 1-2 feeb. Nrog rau qhov kev puas tsuaj loj heev thiab qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb ntawm tus neeg mob, kev tuag ntawm tus neeg mob yuav tshwm sim. Cov cim tseem ceeb suav nrogzoo li:
- qaug zog;
- nausea;
- mob taub hau;
- kiv taub hau;
- nce lub plawv dhia.
Qee zaum, muaj pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov mucous membranes. Tus me nyuam yuav ua tsis taus pa, thiab qee zaum muaj loog ntawm cov ceg. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua kom tiav kev kho mob thiab tiv thaiv kev poob siab anaphylactic hauv cov menyuam yaus. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau ntawm kev rov qab los, uas yog vim li cas koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tus menyuam tas li thiab yog tias pom muaj qhov sib txawv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws li kev kho mob tam sim ntawd. Kev tiv thaiv kev poob siab anaphylactic suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- tsuas yog yuav tau noj tshuaj;
- saib xyuas khoom noj khoom haus thiab tsev kho kom zoo nkauj;
- txhawm rau kuaj xyuas raws sijhawm thiab kho kev ua xua;
- zam kev sib cuag nrog cov allergen.
Nrog kev kho kom raug thiab raws sijhawm thiab kev tiv thaiv, qhov kev cia siab yog qhov zoo. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav ntawm kev poob siab anaphylactic, kev tuag ntawm tus menyuam yuav tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tsis muaj kev pab raws sijhawm.
Kev faib tawm
Lub tsev kho mob ntawm anaphylactic shock tuaj yeem sib txawv, thiab tus nqi ntawm qhov ua xua thiab nws cov nyiaj feem ntau tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov mob hnyav. Hauv qab, muaj ntau hom kab mob xws li:
- xob laim;
- slow;
- protracted.
xob laim-ceev daim ntawv tshwm sim 10-20 vib nas this tom qab raug rau cov allergen. Ntawm lub ntsiabkev tshwm sim yuav tsum tau hais txog:
- bronchospasm;
- collapse;
- pupil dilation;
- txhawj xeeb;
- muffled heart sounds;
- fainting;
- tso zis thiab tso quav;
- tuag.
Nrog kev pab tsis tsim nyog lossis tsis raws sijhawm, kev tuag tshwm sim hauv 8-10 feeb. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ncua sij hawm tshwm sim tom qab li 3-15 feeb. Ib daim ntawv protracted pib tsim nyob rau hauv qee kis txawm tias 2-3 teev tom qab kev sib cuag nrog cov allergen.
Raws li qhov hnyav ntawm anaphylaxis, cov kws tshaj lij faib cov kab mob ua 3 degrees, uas yog:
- easy;
- medium;
- hnyav.
Mild degree tshwm sim 1-1.5 feeb tom qab kev sib cuag nrog cov allergen. Nws manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, ib tug txo nyob rau hauv siab, tachycardia. Hauv zos tsim o ntawm daim tawv nqaij, zoo li nettle burns.
Mob ntshav qab zib anaphylaxis tshwm sim kwv yees li 15-30 feeb tom qab kev sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj tsis haum, tab sis yuav pib ntxov lossis tom qab. Cov xwm txheej no hais txog ib daim ntawv ntawm kev ntws mus ntev. Ntawm cov kev tshwm sim tseem ceeb ntawm kev poob siab anaphylactic, bronchospasm, redness thiab khaus khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij yuav tsum paub qhov txawv.
Kev mob hnyav tshwm sim kwv yees li 3-5 feeb tom qab nkag mus rau qhov ua xua. Ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm tus mob no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau qhia xws li:
- mob hnyav hypotension;
- ua tsis taus pa;
- liab thiab khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
- ntse tachycardia;
- mob taub hau;
- blueness;
- pupil dilation;
- kiv taub hau;
- fainting;
xav
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias chav kawm thiab qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho mob yuav nyob ntawm qhov ceev ntawm kev pab. Anaphylaxis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tag nrho lub cev lossis tsuas yog ib lub cev. Qhov no manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tej yam tsos mob. Hom anaphylaxis tseem ceeb suav nrog:
- typical;
- asthmoid;
- kawg;
- plab;
Cov kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm cov ntshav siab, qaug zog, ua tsis taus pa, convulsions, thiab daim tawv nqaij tshwm sim. Kev o ntawm lub ntsws yog qhov txaus ntshai, vim tias kev tuag feem ntau tshwm sim hauv lub sijhawm luv tshaj plaws.
Hemodynamic hom anaphylaxis yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb tias muaj cov kab mob plawv, txo qis, mob hauv lub sternum. Yuav tsum muaj kev kuaj mob dav dav, uas yuav paub qhov txawv anaphylactic poob siab los ntawm kab mob plawv. Lwm yam cim xws li daim tawv nqaij ua pob khaus thiab khaus yuav tsis tuaj.
Daim ntawv asphyxial yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb tias thaum xub thawj muaj teeb meem ua pa vim o ntawm bronchi, larynx, thiab ntsws. Tag nrho cov cim qhia no ua ke nrog hnoos, kub cev, txham, tawm hws hnyav, tawv nqaij ua pob. Tom qab ntawd muaj qhov txo qis hauv siab thiab ntau dhau pallor ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Feem ntau qhov tshwm sim zoo sib xws tshwm sim nrog kev ua xua rau zaub mov.
Daim ntawv cerebral tsis tshua muaj. Nws manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm lub paj hlwb. Kuj tseem muaj kev ntxhov siab, qaug dab peg,mob taub hau, ua pa tsis ua haujlwm. Daim ntawv plab yog txuam nrog mob plab heev. Lawv tshwm sim kwv yees li 30 feeb tom qab kev sib cuag nrog cov allergen. Nws yog yus muaj los ntawm tsam plab, colic, raws plab. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua qhov kev kuaj mob, vim tias cov cim qhia no kuj yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm rwj thiab plab hnyuv txhaws.
Leej twg txaus ntshai?
Tsis muaj leej twg muaj kev nyab xeeb los ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm anaphylactic shock. Nws tuaj yeem pib ntawm leej twg kiag li, tab sis muaj ib pab pawg neeg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov teeb meem no ntau dua li lwm tus. Cov no suav nrog cov neeg uas muaj keeb kwm ntawm:
- mob hawb pob;
- urticaria;
- eczema;
- ua xua rhinitis;
- dermatitis.
Cov neeg raug mob los ntawm mastocytosis kuj ua rau muaj qhov ua xua zoo sib xws.
Kev kwv yees qhov tshwm sim ntawm anaphylaxis yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua. Nws yog txaus ntshai nyob rau hauv nws suddenness. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg yav tas los muaj anaphylactic poob siab, ces nws yuav tsum tau muab rho tawm los ntawm lub tsev kho mob nrog nws qhia cov duab kho mob, nrog rau cov allergens uas tau kuaj pom tom qab allergy test.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau qhov koj xav li cas thaum noj cov tshuaj uas tsis tau kuaj yav tas los, noj cov zaub mov tsis paub, mus saib cov vaj botanical nrog cov paj tsis paub. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb thaum taug kev hauv qhov xwm txheej, kom tsis txhob sib cuag nrog cov kab thiab cov tsiaj reptiles.
Yog vim li castshwm sim
Qhov ua rau anaphylactic poob siab yog cuam tshuam nrog kev nkag mus ntawm cov tshuaj tsis haum rau hauv lub cev. Thaum xub thawj kev sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj no yam tsis muaj kev tshwm sim, lub cev tsim rhiab heev thiab accumulates cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Thiab rov sib cuag nrog cov allergen, txawm tias me me, vim muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov heev. Nws feem ntau los ntawm:
- txhaj tshuaj whey thiab txawv teb chaws protein;
- tshuaj loog thiab tshuaj loog;
- tshuaj tua kab mob;
- lwm tshuaj;
- cov cuab yeej kuaj mob;
- siv tej yam khoom noj;
- kab tom.
Zoo ntawm qhov ua rau anaphylactic shock, tus nqi ntawm allergen yuav tsawg. Qee zaum tsuas yog ib tee ntawm cov tshuaj lossis ib qho me me ntawm cov khoom txaus. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ntau npaum li cas, qhov muaj zog thiab ntev dua qhov kev poob siab yuav yog.
Kev ua xua yog ua raws li kev ua xua ntawm cov hlwb thiab tso tawm histamine, serotonin thiab lwm yam tshuaj uas cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm anaphylaxis.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb
Cov neeg uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo rau qee yam kev ua xua paub txog nws thiab sim lawv qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv lub cev ntawm kev sib cuag tsis xav tau. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tshwm sim tias thaum pib nkag mus ntawm qhov ua xua, nws tsis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tag nrho. Nrog nws cov kev nkag mus rau theem nrab, ntau cov cim qhia ntawm anaphylactic shock tshwm sim. Tag nrho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no cuam tshuam rau:
- tawv;
- kev nco;
- lub plawv thiab hlab ntsha;
- respiratory system.
Kev ua txhaum ntawm kev nco qab yog qhov tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias thaum xub thawj tus neeg hnov mob ntawm kev nco qab, thiab nws tuaj yeem raug tsim txom los ntawm xeev siab thiab kiv taub hau. Tsis tas li ntawd, tej zaum yuav muaj tshwm sim xws li:
- kev poob siab;
- kev tsis nco qab;
- suab nrov thiab buzzing hauv pob ntseg.
Ib me ntsis tom qab, muaj qhov txhaws ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub hlwb, ua rau tus neeg raug tsim txom tsis nco qab. Qhov kev tshwm sim no tuaj yeem hloov pauv lossis ua rau tus neeg mob tuag.
Thaum pib ntawm kev ua xua, xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij hloov, uas yog vim qhov txo qis hauv vascular tone. Qhov pib hyperemia yog hloov sai heev los ntawm cyanosis, pallor, thiab cov tsos mob tsis zoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Pathological hloov pauv tuaj yeem ua rau hws ntau ntxiv. Cov pob loj tuaj yeem tshwm rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, uas tig daj ntseg thaum nias. Tom qab ntawd cov teeb meem yuav pib tev tawm, thiab cov khoom tuag raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov chaw, uas zoo ib yam li cov tsos mob ntawm beriberi lossis dermatitis.
Ntawm cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev poob siab anaphylactic, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov ua txhaum txoj haujlwm ntawm lub plawv thiab txo qis hauv cov hlab ntsha. Yog li ntawd, lub plawv atherosclerosis cuam tshuam thiab nws lub suab tsis muaj zog. Lub plawv dhia ceev heev thiab tej zaum yuav tsis hnov.
Kev pab ib zaug
Thaum muaj kev poob siab anaphylactic, thawj qhov kev pab cuam algorithm yuav tsum tau sib koom ua ke. Ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg me ntsis ntawm kev txhim kho pathology, koj yuav tsum hu rau kev saib xyuas xwm txheej ceev. Ua ntej tus kws kho mob tuaj txog, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob noj cov tshuaj allergen. Algorithm ntawm kev ua thaum muaj xwm ceevhauv anaphylactic shock txhais tau tias:
- kev tshem tawm tsis haum;
- neutralization ntawm antigens thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv;
- tiv thaiv kev nyuaj.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum pib qhia cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev poob siab tshwj xeeb kom sai li sai tau, uas tau muab tshuaj intramuscularly, thiab thaum tsis muaj qhov xav tau - intravenously.
Antihistamines yuav tsum tau noj ua kev pab. Thawj pab algorithm rau anaphylactic shock implies:
- tshem tawm cov cim ntawm asphyxia;
- kho mob plawv tsis txaus;
- kev kho mob despasmodic.
Yog anaphylactic shock tshwm sim tom qab kab tom, ces koj yuav tsum tau siv lub tourniquet saum toj qhov chaw tom. Tus neeg raug tsim txom yuav tsum tau muab ib txoj hauj lwm kab rov tav. Nws yuav tsum pw ntawm nws nraub qaum nrog nws lub taub hau me ntsis tilted rau sab. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog los tiv thaiv asphyxia. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tso lub caj dab, hauv siab thiab lub plab kom ntseeg tau tias cov pa oxygen txaus.
Thawj qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tus kws kho mob yuav tsum yog txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev nkag mus tom ntej ntawm cov tshuaj tsis haum rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, tshuaj "Epinephrine" lossis "Adrenaline" tau qhia. Nws kuj tau muab rau nqus pa oxygen los ntawm lub hnab oxygen, thiab tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau muab tshuaj. Tus neeg raug tsim txom tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob rau kev kho mob thiab tiv thaiv kev poob siab.
Diagnostics
Kev kuaj mob yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj txog kev sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab qhov pib ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Xeevanaphylactic poob siab - mob hnyav thiab tseem ceeb, yog li kev kuaj mob tau tsim los ntawm tus neeg sawv cev.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob no tuaj yeem zoo ib yam li ntau lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv anaphylactic, tshwj xeeb, mob urticaria lossis Quincke's edema. Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias kev ntsuas kev pab rau cov xwm txheej no tsis txawv.
Kev kho mob
Rau kev poob siab anaphylactic, cov lus pom zoo hauv chaw kho mob suav nrog kev ua xws li:
- normalization ntawm siab;
- tshem tawm bronchospasm;
- lwm cov paib txaus ntshai.
Thaum tus neeg mob hnov mob txias, yuav tsum tau siv lub tshuab cua sov rau ntawm qhov chaw uas cov hlab ntsha marginal dhau mus, thiab tom qab ntawd npog nrog daim pam sov. Nco ntsoov saib xyuas cov tawv nqaij thaum lub sijhawm no.
Txawm kom cawm tib neeg txoj sia, tshuaj rau anaphylactic poob siab yog muab tso rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, vim qhov no tso cai rau koj kom ua tiav qhov kev xav tau kho sai dua. Tus kws kho mob yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj qhov zaus ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tshuaj uas ua kom cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev. Tshwj xeeb, cov tshuaj xws li Atropine, Adrenaline yog siv.
Cov kev daws yuav tsum tau txhaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab tib lub sijhawm yuav tsum ua kom lub plawv tsis ncaj ncees. Kev nyiam yuav tsum tau muab rau cov leeg ntawm caj npab, txij li kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov leeg ntawm ob txhais ceg tsis tsuas yog ua rau qeeb qeeb ntawm cov tshuaj mus rau lub plawv, tab sis kuj ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm thrombophlebitis.
Yog vim li cas rau kev siv cov hlab ntsha ntawm qhov xav tauCov tshuaj yog qhov nyuaj, qhov no, yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tam sim ntawd ncaj qha rau hauv lub trachea. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee tus kws kho mob pom zoo kom txhaj cov nyiaj no rau hauv lub plhu lossis hauv qab tus nplaig. Vim lub anatomical nta ntawm cov cheeb tsam no, xws li cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tswj cov tshuaj tso cai rau koj mus cuag tus ceev tshaj txoj kev kho nyhuv. Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias kev txhaj tshuaj yuav tsum tau rov ua dua txhua 3-5 feeb.
Thaum kho thiab tiv thaiv kev poob siab anaphylactic, lub tsev kho mob raug coj mus rau hauv tus account hauv thawj qhov chaw, vim tias tus kws kho mob yuav tsum ntsuas tus neeg mob kom raug. Ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj uas siv los tshem tawm tus neeg mob los ntawm lub xeev txaus ntshai, Adrenaline tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej zoo heev. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov tshuaj no yog:
- vasodilation;
- txhawb lub plawv contractions;
- -Nce lub suab nrov ntawm lub plawv nqaij;
- ua kom ntshav khiav;
- ua kom lub ventricular contraction;
- nce vascular tone.
Muaj ntau zaus, kev tswj xyuas raws sijhawm thiab tsim nyog ntawm cov tshuaj no ua rau muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev tshem tus neeg mob los ntawm lub xeev txaus ntshai thiab mob hnyav ntawm anaphylactic shock. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv "Atropine", uas provokes lub blockade ntawm cholinergic receptors ntawm lub paj hlwb. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws qhov kev ua, cov leeg nqaij spasm raug tshem tawm, thiab lub siab yog normalized.
Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias kev tswj hwm sai heev ntawm "Adrenaline" lossis kev siv tshuaj ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qee qhov kev mob tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb,xws li:
- siab siab nce;
- angina;
- stroke;
- myocardial infarction.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm tag nrho cov teeb meem no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus, kev tswj hwm ntawm "Adrenaline" yuav tsum tau qeeb thiab tib lub sijhawm cov mem tes thiab siab yuav tsum tswj.
Tom qab tawm hauv tsev kho mob nrog kev poob siab anaphylactic, cov lus pom zoo yuav tsum tau ua nruj me ntsis. Cov no suav nrog kev siv tshuaj kho mob, nrog rau qhov yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov kev sib cuag tom ntej nrog kev ua xua.
Muaj Teeb Meem
Thaum muab kev saib xyuas xwm txheej ceev thiab tiv thaiv kev poob siab anaphylactic, cov tsos mob yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account, vim qhov no yuav tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem thiab kev tuag ntawm tus neeg mob. Yog tias tsis muaj kev pabcuam raws sijhawm thiab kev kho mob tsis tau ua tiav, ces cov teeb meem yuav tshwm sim, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov ua rau tuag taus. Kev tuag los ntawm anaphylaxis tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov laj thawj xws li:
- asphyxia vim bronchospasm lossis ntsws spasm;
- ua tsis taus pa;
- sagging tus nplaig thaum tsis nco qab thiab qaug zog;
- mob ua pa, mob plawv, raum tsis ua haujlwm;
- cerebral edema nrog irreversible txim.
Qee feem pua ntawm cov neeg tuag tej zaum yuav yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov tsos mob ntawm anaphylaxis zoo ib yam li cov mob plawv, mob hawb pob, mob lom lom. Kev pab yog muab raws li tus neeg mob nrog cov kab mob no, thiab tsis yog tus neeg mob uas muaj kev mob hnyav ntawm anaphylaxis.
Huab cua thiabkev tiv thaiv
Thaum ua kev tiv thaiv kev poob siab anaphylactic, qhov ua rau thiab kev txhim kho ntawm kev ua txhaum cai yog qhov tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum xav txog, vim qhov no yuav tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem. Nws feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees qhov tshwm sim ntawm anaphylaxis. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog them sai sai rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsis haum rau ib yam khoom. Cov neeg mob uas yav tas los raug kev txom nyem anaphylactic poob siab yuav tsum tsis txhob sib cuag nrog cov allergen. Koj kuj yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv qhia hauv tsev kho mob nrog koj, uas qhia tias koj muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj dab tsi.
ntsuas tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv kev poob siab anaphylactic suav nrog:
- kev tiv thaiv kab mob;
- tuav lub neej nquag;
- noj qab nyob zoo, noj qab nyob zoo.
Nws raug nquahu kom ua raws li kev noj zaub mov hypoallergenic, ntxiv dag zog rau kev huv thiab huv, tsis txhob noj ntau yam tshuaj tib lub sijhawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Thaum siv cov tshuaj hauv tsev, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov khoom tiv thaiv tus kheej. Cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab tshuaj tsw qab yuav tsum tau siv tsuas yog ua los ntawm ntuj tsim. Kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob anaphylactic poob siab suav nrog kev tswj hwm ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Thaum kev zam txim, koj yuav tsum tau ua qhov kev kuaj tsis haum los txiav txim seb qhov twg lub cev ua rau hnyav heev. Txoj kev Bezredko feem ntau siv los tiv thaiv kev poob siab anaphylactic, uas txhais tau hais tias cov protein txawv teb chaws maj mam nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Pib nrog koob tshuaj me me ua ntejuas maj mam nce.
Rau cov neeg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo rau kab kab mob, tshuaj tua kab thiab tiv thaiv khaub ncaws, nrog rau cov hnab looj tes ua teb, raug pom zoo thaum lub caij sov. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus neeg mob tsev neeg yuav tsum muaj cov tshuaj uas xav tau.
Paub seb yuav ua li cas thiab pab tau dab tsi, koj tuaj yeem muab kev kwv yees zoo nkauj. Stabilization ntawm kev noj qab haus huv tom qab kev kho mob yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau ib lub lim tiam, thiab tom qab ntawd cov txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov zoo. Nrog kev sib cuag nrog cov allergen, cov kab mob hauv lub cev tuaj yeem tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb, xws li periarteritis lossis lupus erythematosus.
Kev Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob
Hauv kev poob siab anaphylactic, kev tiv thaiv kuj cuam tshuam txog kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem. Nrog anaphylaxis, uas yog nrog los ntawm ib tug ntse thiab ntev bronchospasm, kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev implies ib tug expansion ntawm lub lumen ntawm lub bronchi. Rau qhov no, tshuaj xws li:
- "Ephedrine";
- "Eufillin";
- Alupent;
- Berotek;
- Izadrin.
Cov tshuaj "Eufillin" pab ua kom cov leeg tsis muaj zog ntawm cov hlab ntsws, cov hnyuv thiab plab. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm bronchospasm ntev thiab tsis tu ncua nrog hypotension, cov kws kho mob feem ntau sau cov tshuaj glucocorticoids, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog "Hydrocortisone", uas yog siv rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm aerosol.
Thaum ua txhaum lub plawv dhia, tus neeg raug tsim txom tau muab tshuaj xws li:
- "Atropine" rau bradycardia;
- Korglikon rau tachycardia;
- "Strophanthin".
Tag nrho cov tshuaj no tau muab maj mam muab tso rau hauv. Nyob rau hauv anaphylactic shock, kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov teeb meem implies kev tiv thaiv ntawm qaug dab peg. Yog hais tias tus neeg mob yog overexcited thiab convulsions tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb mus muab tshuaj xws li Phenobarbital thiab Diazepam. Lawv tau muab tshuaj maj mam intramuscularly thiab intravenously ntawm 50-250 mg ib zaug.
Yog tias muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cerebral lossis pulmonary edema, tshuaj xws li ganglionic blockers, diuretics yuav tsum tau siv. Yog hais tias tus kws kho mob pom ib tug bronchospasm nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg mob, ces nws yog tsim nyog los ntsuas tsim nyog los tiv thaiv anaphylactic shock thiab nws cov teeb meem. Rau qhov no koj xav tau:
- tswj cov tshuaj uas tshem tawm bronchospasm;
- noj corticosteroids;
- nrog qhov nce hauv asphyxia, maj nrawm ua lub ntsws zaws.
Kev qhia txog tshuaj yog ua tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev nqus pa tas li uas siv lub cushion oxygen. Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv txoj hlab ntshav nkaus xwb, vim tias vim qhov ua tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntshav, kev txhaj tshuaj intramuscular thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev tsis zoo txaus. Kev ua pa tsis ua pa, ua tsis taus pa thiab tsis muaj mem tes yog qhov qhia txog kev rov ua kom sai.
