nqos yog suav tias yog txheej txheem ntuj tsim ntawm lub cev thaum noj. Thaum nqos, cov leeg ntawm caj pas ua rau muaj ntau yam txav. Tab sis qee zaum muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm nqos reflex. Qhov no tshwm sim yog nrog los ntawm kev tsis xis nyob. Dysphagia yog ib yam mob uas yuav tsum tau kho. Cov laj thawj rau tus mob no thiab nws txoj kev kho tau piav qhia hauv kab lus.
Txoj kev xav
Dysphagia yog ib qho nyuaj lossis ua tiav ntawm kev tso zaub mov los ntawm txoj hlab pas. Kev ua txhaum ntawm nqos ua rau tsis xis nyob thiab mob hauv caj pas. Hauv qhov no, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov leeg ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus hloov pauv, thiab cov zaub mov bolus tsis tuaj yeem txav mus los ntawm lub caj pas.
Kev ua txhaum ntawm nqos reflex tshwm sim thaum nqos ib qho khoom loj heev. Nws kuj tshwm sim thaum muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm peristalsis. Qhov no ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv kev ua pa, poob phaus, qaug zog ntawm lub cev, yog li yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob sai.
Yog vim li cas
Yog tias qhov ua txhaum ntawm nqos reflex yog ib zaug, ces tej zaum nws yuav tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv tshuab. Cov khoom yuav loj heev los yog tsis haum rau txoj hlab pas.
Nrog rau qhov rov ua dua ntawm cov teeb meem tas li, ib tus yuav tsum xav tias qhov ua haujlwm ntawm lawv cov tsos, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev ua txhaum ntawm peristalsis. Kev ua txhaum ntawm nqos reflex tshwm sim vim:
- glossopharyngeal paj puas;
- tus nplaig tuag tes tuag taw;
- kev puas tsuaj rau cov leeg ntawm txoj hlab pas thiab pharynx tom qab mob stroke;
- puas tsuaj rau cov leeg nqaij ntawm txoj hlab pas hauv myopathy, neuropathy, cawv thiab lwm yam mob.
Tsis tshua muaj qhov teeb meem no tshwm sim nrog kev nqaim thiab chim siab ntawm txoj hlab pas:
- o nrog stomatitis lossis mob caj pas;
- pharyngeal lossis zaub mov stenosis;
- scarring tom qab kub hnyiab, kev ua haujlwm, kev raug mob mus rau txoj hlab pas;
- kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv plab hnyuv;
- kev puas tsuaj rau phab ntsa ntawm txoj hlab pas.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej cais, thaum ua txhaum cai, Parkinson's disease, cerebral palsy, systemic scleroderma, mob ntsws thiab lwm yam mob tshwm sim. Cov no yog tag nrho cov laj thawj rau kev ua txhaum ntawm nqos reflex.
Localization
Kev nqhis dej tuaj yeem muaj ntau hom, nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub plab zom mov qhov twg qhov teeb meem nyob, nrog rau nws qhov hnyav.
Raws li localization, pathology tshwm sim:
- Oropharyngeal lossis oropharyngeal, thaum cov zaub mov bolus nyuaj txav ntawm lub pharynx mus rau txoj hlab pas.
- Esophageal lossis esophageal. Hauv qhov no, lub lumen ntawm lub plab zom mov raug thaiv lossis muaj teeb meem hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm nws cov leeg.
- Cricopharyngeal discoordination. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, muaj ib tug tsis ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub so ntawm lub crico-pharyngeal nqaij. Esophageal diverticulum thiab mob ntsws pathology kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho.
Degrees of disease
Qhov mob hnyav ntawm kev nqos tau muab faib ua 4 qib:
- Tus neeg mob muaj teeb meem nqos. Cov yam ntxwv no tsis muaj nrog qee cov khoom noj.
- Nyuaj nqos cov khoom noj khoom haus, tab sis cov khoom noj ib nrab ntawm cov kua thiab cov mos muag dhau mus tau yooj yim.
- Ib tug neeg tsuas noj tau zaub mov xwb.
- nqhis dej tsis yooj yim kiag, tsis muaj zaub mov nkag mus rau hauv caj pas, txawm tias kua.
Symptoms
Nws tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim rau kev nqos reflex ua tsis taus tom qab mob stroke. Txawm li cas los ntawm qhov tshwm sim no, ib tug neeg hnov cov tsos mob hauv qab no:
- nqos tsis tau khoom noj. Thaum mob hnyav, kua, qaub ncaug.
- Reflux yog ua, cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub plab ntws rov qab mus rau hauv txoj hlab pas thiab caj pas.
- Muaj ib pob hauv caj pas vim yog cov ntsiab lus qaub nkag mus rau hauv caj pas thiab hlawv cov mucous.
- Thaum nqos, muaj qhov xav tias tsis muaj cua.
- Tom qab noj mov muaj qhov hnov zoo li nws daig hauv caj pas.
- mob qa, ua tsis taus pa.
Diagnosis
Muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm kev nqhis dej rau cov neeg laus thiab cov hluas. Rau kev kuaj mob thiabtxheeb xyuas qhov ua rau, tus kws kho mob sau cov lus tsis txaus siab, thiab nws kuj tau thov kom mus kuaj nrog nqos cov khoom noj thiab dej.
Txhawm rau ntsuas tus neeg mob tag nrho tom qab kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj kho mob ntxiv, piv txwv li, x-ray ntawm txoj hlab pas nrog qhov sib piv. Nws tseem raug tso cai ua qhov kev kuaj ultrasound ntawm cov thyroid caj pas, sib nqus resonance imaging. Qee zaum kev kuaj ntshav rau cov cim qog nqaij hlav thiab lwm yam kev kuaj sim tau raug sau tseg.
Kuv yuav hu rau leej twg?
Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem nqos, hnov mob hauv koj lub caj pas thiab mob, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob lossis kws kho mob plab.
Tus kws kho mob ua qhov kev kuaj thawj zaug, xaiv kev kho mob. Yog tias xav tau, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau tshuaj xyuas ntxiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob ENT, kws phais mob, kws kho mob hlwb lossis tus kws kho mob oncologist.
Nyob rau me nyuam
Muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm nqos reflex hauv cov menyuam mos. Hauv qhov no, koj xav tau kev pab los ntawm kws kho mob. Dysphagia nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam feem ntau tshwm sim vim muaj teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub paj hlwb. Qhov tseeb no yog txuam nrog lub immaturity ntawm no system los yog congenital thiab kis kab mob. Feem ntau cov kab mob no tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus uas muaj mob hlwb.
Muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm pathology hauv cov menyuam yaus tshwm sim thaum:
- athetose;
- congenital anomalies hauv pharynx thiab esophagus;
- Rossolimo-Bekhterev syndrome thiab Arnold-Chiari anomalies.
Cov niam txiv tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tus kab mob no los ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no:
- Me nyuam noj mov me me.
- Tus me nyuam nqus tau ntev los yogpacifier.
- Muaj hnoos thiab liab ntawm lub ntsej muag tom qab ntxuav lossis noj.
- hnoos thiab ua pa nyuaj tsis tshwm sim yog tias muaj kev pub mis me me.
- Tus me nyuam tso taub hau nyob rau hauv qhov txawv txav ua ntej pub.
- Muab mis los yog mis rau hauv lub qhov ntswg.
Cov tsos mob zoo li no tshwm sim nrog mob ntsws ntsws thiab mob ntsws, nrog rau mob ntsws asthma.
Kev kho mob
Kev kho ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm nqos reflex yuav tsum muaj kev dav. Kev kho mob yog muab tshuaj los txo cov tsos mob hauv zos thiab tshem tawm cov kab mob hauv qab. Txhawm rau txhim kho tus mob nrog rau qhov mob ntawm txoj hlab pas, tus neeg mob tau txais kev kho mob nrog Zantak, Phosphalugel thiab lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Thaum cov khoom noj tau muab pov rau hauv nasopharynx, tus kws kho mob muab kev pab tam sim ntawd thiab tshem tawm cov pa.
Kev kho ntxiv yog nyob ntawm tus kab mob hauv qab uas ua rau dysphagia. Piv txwv li, tshuaj tua kab mob yog muab rau angina. Yog hais tias cov phab ntsa ntawm txoj hlab pas raug cuam tshuam los ntawm benign thiab malignant neoplasms, lawv yuav tsum tau phais tshem tawm thiab tshuaj kho mob.
Kev noj zaub mov kuj raug kho los ntawm kws kho mob. Nws raug nquahu kom noj ntau zaus thiab me me. Cov zaub mov tawv thiab qhuav, cov khoom noj uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub plab zom mov raug tshem tawm ntawm kev noj haus.
kev kho mob phais
Yog cov tshuaj tsis zoo, kev kho phais yog siv. Kev siv nyiaj yas yog ua - acid reflux raug tshem tawm. Cov qog, cysts raug tshem tawmpolyps uas cuam tshuam nrog kev nkag mus ntawm cov zaub mov. Kev nthuav dav ntawm lumen ntawm txoj hlab pas nrog cov pa zais pa yog siv, siv txoj kev bougienage.
Myotomy ntawm txoj hlab pas yog ua los ntawm punctures ntawm phab ntsa plab - laparoscopy lossis los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv siab - topacotomy. Tus kws phais mob excised thaj tsam sclerotic, tshem tawm cov adhesions lossis adhesions, lengthened, nthuav cov lumen ntawm txoj hlab pas.
Thaum nyuaj, lub plab zom mov raug teeb tsa. Ib lub raj nyias yog ntxig rau ntawm phab ntsa sab hauv plab. Nyob rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub raj muaj lub hau uas qhib kom nkag mus rau cov zaub mov nrog ib qho kev sojntsuam tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau, lub plab zom mov yog tib txoj hauv kev kom txuag tau ntawm kev tshaib plab.
Home Therapy
Nws yuav tsum ua raws li kev saib xyuas kho mob nkaus xwb. Kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj yog tsom rau kev tshem tawm qhov mob, cov leeg nqaij spasms, calming lub paj hlwb:
- "Atropine" - pab kom cov leeg nqaij ntawm txoj hlab pas tshem tawm spasm thiab mob.
- Buscopan yog lub qhov quav suppository siv los txo cov leeg nqaij du thiab txo qis qis ntawm cov enzymes digestive.
- Y "Gastrocepin". Tus neeg sawv cev cuam tshuam ib ntus ntawm cov hlab ntsha vagus, tshem tawm ntau qhov tso tawm ntawm hydrochloric acid.
- Motilium. Cov tshuaj nkoos lub motility ntawm lub plab, nrog rau nws txoj kev ntawm cov zaub mov coma los ntawm lub digestive ib ntsuj av yog accelerated.
- Y "Platifillin". Nrog nws, lub paj hlwb calms down, vascular hypertonicity yog tshem tawm.
- Nikospan. Muaj cov nyhuv so ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv hlwb, txhim kho cov ntshav ncig hauv lub hlwb.
Tshuaj muaj contraindications thiab phiv. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau kho tsuas yog tom qab sab laj nrog kws kho mob.
kev kho neeg zoo
Kev kho mob nrog pej xeem tshuaj tsuas yog tso cai nrog cov qib me me ntawm cov kab mob, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntxhov siab, mob caj pas lossis txoj hlab pas, hyperacid gastritis.
Txhawm rau kom cov leeg nqaij, ua kom cov hlab ntsha, cov khoom qab zib clover, oregano, nettle, kelp, hops, mint yog siv. Qhuav tshuaj ntsuab noj 1 tsp. thiab sib tov. Qhov sib tov (1 tablespoon) yog brewed nrog boiling dej (300 ml) nyob rau hauv ib lub thermos. Tom qab 30 feeb, straining yog ua, tus neeg sawv cev yog noj 100 ml ntawm sov broth 3 zaug ib hnub twg.
Ib qho tshuaj tonic thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob muaj kev sau raws li sawv hips, calendula thiab chamomile paj, mint, licorice, sage, rue. Cov khoom xyaw tshuaj ntsuab yuav tsum tau muab sib xyaw rau hauv tib tus nqi. Cov sau (2 tablespoons) yog brewed nrog boiling dej (1 liter) nyob rau hauv ib lub thermos thiab insisted rau ib teev. Siv 40 feeb tom qab noj ½ khob decoction.
txhawm rau txo qhov siab, ua kom lub plab ua haujlwm zoo, siv cov khoom siv ntawm cov nyom motherwort, hawthorn paj, mint nplooj, calamus cag yog siv. 1 tsp. txhua cov khoom nyoos qhuav yog tov rau hauv ib lub khob iav. Nws yuav siv 1 tbsp. l. sib tov, uas yog brewed nrog boiling dej (500 ml). Thaum sawv ntxov, 20 feeb ua ntej noj tshais, haus 150 ml ntawm decoction, thiab rov qab ua ntej noj su thiab noj hmo.
Kev kho mob peptic rwj yog ua los ntawm kev siv tshuaj kho mob los ntawm tib qhov chaw ntawm fennel txiv hmab txiv ntoo, paj chamomile, cov hauv paus hniav.licorice thiab marshmallow, couch nyom rhizomes, yarrow tshuaj ntsuab. Qhov sib tov (1 tablespoon) yog nchuav nrog dej npau npau (200 ml). Infusion yog ua rau ib nrab ib teev, thiab tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum noj ½ khob 3 zaug hauv ib hnub.
Kev kho mob nrog tshuaj ntsuab yuav tsum tau ua 10 hnub, thiab tom qab ntawd yuav tsum tau so ntawm 2 lub lis piam. Yog tias xav tau, phytotherapy yog rov pib dua los ntawm kev hloov cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj sau. Yog hais tias thaum lub sij hawm kho mob xeev siab, mob taub hau, pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, quav quav thiab lwm yam tsos mob tshwm sim, ces txoj kev kho yuav muab tso tseg.
Txhais tau
Thaum nqos zaub mov nyuaj rau lub sijhawm ntev, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob. Thaum tsis muaj kev kho mob raws sij hawm ntawm qhov ua rau, muaj teeb meem tshwm sim. Lawv tshwm li:
- Esophagitis yog mob nyob rau hauv txoj hlab pas ua rau mob tas li.
- mob qog noj ntshav ntawm txoj hlab pas nrog kev khaus tsis tu ncua thiab kev puas tsuaj rau cov mucous.
- Aspiration pneumonia cuam tshuam nrog kev nkag mus ntawm cov khoom noj, hnoos qeev, ntuav rau hauv lub ntsws.
- mob ntsws uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj zaub mov thiab tshwm sim ua rau mob ntsws.
- Pneumosclerosis yog ib qho pathological proliferation ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas hauv thaj tsam ntawm lub ntsws. Qhov no yog vim qhov mob ntev.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Txhawm rau txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm dysphagia, ua raws li cov lus qhia yooj yim no:
- Yuav tsum tsis txhob haus luam yeeb.
- Yuav tsum tau noj zaub mov kom sib npaug, tsis txhob roughage thaum twg los tau.
- Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los kho cov kab mob ntawm txoj hlab pas, caj pas, ENT kab mob hauv lub sijhawm.
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau noj tsis tu ncuateem caij mus kuaj mob nrog kws kho mob.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev ua txhaum cai ntawm tus menyuam, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom taug qab cov khoom ua si uas nws ua si. Lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov me me uas tuaj yeem nqos tau yooj yim.
Yog li, dysphagia yuav tsum tau kho raws sijhawm. Tsuas yog txoj kev kho kom zoo yuav txo tau cov tsos mob tsis zoo. Thiab kev tiv thaiv yuav tiv thaiv kab mob no.
