Mob nrog ntau yam kab mob ntawm lub cev sab hauv. Feem ntau, nws yog txuam nrog spastic leeg contraction. Kev ua siab ntev li no mob heev. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv nws, cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb tau tsim - antispasmodics. Cov tshuaj no ua rau ntawm cov nqaij ntshiv ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev, lossis ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev xa cov paj hlwb hauv lub hlwb. Vim yog kev so ntawm cov leeg, qhov mob ploj mus, hauv ntau qhov no tshwm sim sai heev. Yog li ntawd, antispasmodics thiaj li nrov nrog cov kws kho mob thiab cov neeg mob. Cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj no tsis yog loj heev, thiab ntau ntawm lawv tau siv ntau xyoo. Cov tshuaj no sai sai tshem tawm spasms thiab alleviate tus neeg mob.
Y Yuav ua li cas yog antispasmodics?
Cov tshuaj no txo qhov mob los ntawm cov leeg nqaij. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem nthuav cov hlab ntsha thiab bronchi, txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv. Antispasmodics thiab tshuaj tua kab mob tam sim no tau siv dav hauv cov tshuaj. Rov qab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th los ntawm lub taub haupoppy tau cais papaverine. Tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub 20s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th yog nws lub peev xwm los txo spasms pom, thiab nws tau pib siv dav. Kev tshawb fawb hauv cheeb tsam no txuas ntxiv, thiab "Dibazol" tau tsim, uas kuj muaj cov nyhuv vasodilating. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub 60s, tom qab tsim ntawm No-Shpa, antispasmodics tau los ua nrov dua.
Cov tshuaj no yog siv rau mob plab, raum colic, pancreatitis thiab cholecystitis, migraine thiab mob khaub thuas, mob cerebrovascular thiab ntshav siab. Qee tus ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm txo tau bronchospasm lossis mob plawv, thaum lwm tus tsuas yog siv rau cov kab mob plab xwb.
Kev faib cov tshuaj no
- Neurotropic antispasmodics. Lawv qhov kev txiav txim yog raws li qhov tseeb tias lawv thaiv kev sib kis ntawm cov hlab ntsha impulses uas xa cov teeb liab mus rau cov leeg du ntawm lub cev. Qee tus ntawm lawv ua rau lub hlwb thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev, lwm tus muaj kev xaiv ntau dua ntawm cov receptors hauv cov leeg ntawm lub plab thiab cov kab mob genitourinary.
- Myotropic antispasmodics. Cov tshuaj no muaj ntau dua, raws li lawv ua ncaj qha rau ntawm cov nqaij ntshiv ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev. Lawv cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem biochemical uas tshwm sim hauv cov hlwb thiab tuaj yeem so sai sai rau cov leeg.
- Neuromyotropic antispasmodics. Lawv muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo, vim tias lawv muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lwm pawg. Rau lawvsuav nrog "Baralgin", "Tempalgin", "Spazgan", "Maksigan" thiab lwm yam.
Neurotropic antispasmodics
Cov tshuaj no muab faib ua ob pawg nyob ntawm hom kev ua.
- Cov tshuaj tua kab mob neurotropic feem ntau yog Atropine sulfate, Platifillin, Scopolamine thiab Hyoscyamine. Lawv ua rau M-cholinergic receptors koom nrog hauv kev nkag mus ntawm cov hlab ntsha impulses los ntawm lub hlwb. Yog li ntawd, ntxiv rau kev tshem tawm cov leeg nqaij du, neurotropic antispasmodics txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog endocrine thiab tso tawm ntawm hydrochloric acid, ua kom lub plawv dhia thiab nce siab intraocular.
- Cov tshuaj "Hyoscine butylbromide" muaj kev xaiv ntau dua. Nws tsis nkag mus rau lub hlwb thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau lwm yam kabmob. Nws cov nyhuv tsuas yog txuas mus rau cov receptors ntawm cov leeg du ntawm lub plab hnyuv thiab lub genitourinary system. Cov tshuaj no nrov dua nyob rau txawv teb chaws, thiab nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws nws paub nyob rau hauv lub npe "Butylscopolamine", "Buscopan", "Spanil" los yog "Spasmobrew".
YMyotropic antispasmodics
Nov yog ib pab pawg neeg paub tshuaj zoo dua. Lawv feem ntau siv ntau dua li neurotropic antispasmodics. Cov tshuaj no ua rau cov leeg nqaij du ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev thiab tsis nkag mus rau lub hlwb. Lawv thaiv qhov nkag ntawm calcium ions thiabQee cov enzymes rau hauv cov hlwb thiab yog li tiv thaiv cov leeg nqaij. Feem ntau siv myotropic antispasmodics rau txoj hnyuv. Cov tshuaj no paub ntau thiab ntau tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg. Qee lub sij hawm cov tshuaj uas muaj cov khoom xyaw qub yog tsim los ntawm cov npe sib txawv:
tshuaj raws li drotaverine: "Bespa", "Bioshpa", "Drotaverine", "No-Shpa", "Spazmol", "Spasmonet", "Spazmoverine" thiab lwm yam;
- tshuaj nrog papaverine: "Papaverine", "Papaverine hydrochloride" thiab "Papazol";
- tshuaj uas suav nrog mebeverine: "Mebeverine hydrochloride", "Duspatalin", "Niaspam", "Sparex";
- tshuaj nrog cov khoom xyaw nquag trimebutin: "Trimedat" thiab "Neobutin".
Anspasmodics ntawm tsob nroj keeb kwm
Ntau cov nroj tsuag kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov leeg du ntawm cov kabmob sab hauv. Lawv tau ntev tau siv los ua antispasmodics nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm decoctions thiab infusions. Cov no yog cov tshuaj ntsuab xws li mint, belladonna, tansy, chamomile, fennel thiab lwm yam. Tam sim no muaj cov tshuaj ntsuab tshiab antispasmodics (cov tshuaj). Lawv cov npe tau dhau los ua neeg paub ntau dua, vim tias cov tshuaj no tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo dua thiab muaj kev phiv tsawg dua. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws:
"Plantex" relieves plab hnyuv spasms thiab siv tau txawm rau cov me nyuam me
- "Iberogast" yog raws li 9 tshuaj ntsuab uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov kab mob hauv plab.
- "Azulan" muaj chamomile extract.
- "Prospan" - ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob raws li nplooj ivy.
- "Tanacechol" muaj tansy extract.
- "Altalex" ntxiv rau cov tshuaj antispasmodic muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab sedative.
kev npaj nyuaj
Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj ntau yam khoom xyaw tau nrov dua. Lawv tso cai rau ib ntsiav tshuaj tsis tsuas yog txo cov leeg nqaij thiab txo qhov mob, tab sis kuj tshem tawm nws qhov ua rau. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj uas tsis yog tshuaj hormonal anti-inflammatory, antispasmodics, so cov leeg, txo qhov mob thiab kub taub hau, thiab txo qhov mob. Cov tshuaj muaj npe nrov tshaj plaws yog:
- "Novigan" yog siv rau lub raum thiab plab hnyuv colic, dysmenorrhea, migraine thiab mob pob qij txha.
- "Spazmalgon" siv tau rau ntau yam mob thiab spasms, ua npaws, ntshav siab.
- Tshuaj "Trigan" muaj paracetamol thiab dicycloverine thiab zoo txo qhov mob plab.
- Pentalgin yog ib qho tshuaj kho mob nrov heev uas muaj tsib cov khoom xyaw nquag uas muaj txiaj ntsig tsis yog rau qhov mob thiab spasms xwb, tab sis kuj kub taub hau.
"Andipal" tsuas yog pab zoo nrog ntau yam mob spastic, tab sis me ntsis txo qhov siab
Nkauj kho siab tshajtshuaj antispasmodics
Daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj uas txo qhov mob thiab spasms loj hlob txhua xyoo. Tab sis qee qhov ntawm lawv tau nrov rau lub sijhawm ntev. Cov no yog "Papaverin", "Drotaverin", "Dibazol", "Papazol" thiab lwm yam. Tab sis cov tshuaj nrov tshaj plaws yog No-Shpa. Nws tau tsim los ntawm drotaverine, tab sis suav tias yog qhov ua tau zoo thiab nyab xeeb dua.
Feem ntau siv tag nrho cov tshuaj no rau cov kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov. Piv txwv li, antispasmodics rau pancreatitis yog xav tau heev. Cov tshuaj no pab txo qhov mob hnyav, yam tsis muaj tus kab mob no. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, No-Shpa, Platifillin, Atropine, Papaverine pab nrog qhov no. Lawv kuj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cholecystitis, raum thiab plab hnyuv colic. Ntxiv rau cov kab mob hauv plab, Galidor, Dibazol, Nomigren, Papazol, Nikoshpan thiab lwm yam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha. Thiab Teopec, Eufilin thiab Erespal txo bronchospasm zoo.
Contraindications thiab phiv
Feem ntau cov tshuaj antispasmodics tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo txawm tias los ntawm cov neeg mob me. Yog li ntawd, ntau ntawm lawv tuaj yeem yuav yam tsis muaj tshuaj. Ntxiv mus, lawv haus cov tshuaj no ib zaug - tsuas yog txhawm rau txo qhov mob. Tab sis qhov no, koj yuav tsum xub mus ntsib kws kho mob. Tom qab tag nrho, tsis yog txhua tus tuaj yeem noj cov tshuaj antispasmodics. Lawv yog contraindicated ntawm:
- tuberculosis;
- kab mob kab mob;
- mob siabplab hnyuv pathologies;
- mob hnyav ntawm lub plawv, siab thiab raum;
- tus neeg tsis kam lees.
Nws tseem tsis tau pom zoo kom noj cov tshuaj antispasmodics rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab lactating. Ntxiv rau qhov ua xua rau cov tshuaj nquag, tom qab noj cov tshuaj no, tej zaum yuav muaj lwm yam kev mob tshwm sim:
- plab zom mov, xeev siab, flatulence thiab qhov ncauj qhuav;
- cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb - ntxhov siab, convulsions thiab nervous excitement;
- mob taub hau thiab kiv taub hau;
- mob plawv - tachycardia, txo qis.
