Cov hnoos qhuav qhuav tuaj yeem nyob ntev, ua rau tus neeg mob muaj kev tawm tsam tsis tu ncua. Txhawm rau kho daim ntawv hnoos no, nws yog thawj qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tsim kom muaj lub ntsiab lus ntawm nws qhov tshwm sim txhawm rau ua rau lawv txoj hauv kev nyuaj. Antitussives thiab pej xeem zaub mov txawv yuav pab txo qis qee cov tsos mob thiab txhim kho tus neeg mob tus mob.
daim duab kho mob ntawm tus kab mob
Yuav txiav txim siab qhov hnoos hnoos yog dab tsi thiab thaum nws tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog nws cov txheej txheem.
hnoos yog tus txheej txheem reflex uas tib neeg koom nrog:
- receptors uas kuaj pom muaj lub cev txawv teb chaws hauv txoj hlab pa (plua plav lossis hnoos qeev);
- cov leeg uas nquag cog lus thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm no (qhov no suav nrog lub diaphragm thiab intercostal);
- qhov chaw ntawm medulla oblongata, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev sib koom tes ntawm txhua tus leeg.
Nyob hauv kev tsim cov hnoos hawb pob, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog muab rau cov receptors. Xws li hnoos kuj hu ua paroxysmal. Thaum ib qho hnoos hnoos tshwm rau qee qhov laj thawj, muaj zogreceptor stimulation. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam ntev ntawm cov hnoos qeev, uas tsis txo tus neeg mob tus mob.
Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias koj tsis sim ua kom qhuav, hnoos hawb pob thaum hnov tickling tshwm sim hauv cov hlab ntsws, nws yuav ua rau qhov pib mob hawb pob. Hom hnoos no hu ua hacking hnoos vim tus neeg mob "huffs" hauv kev sim tshem nws caj pas, tab sis tsis muaj dab tsi los ntawm nws.
Kev phom sij tseem ceeb ntawm lub xeev
Cov hnoos qhuav qhuav hauv cov neeg laus, txawm tias koj tsis suav nrog cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm nws qhov tshwm sim, hauv nws tus kheej tsis zoo rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv.
Vim li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj hauv qab no:
- Kev raug mob rau lub suab qaum tom qab los ntawm hemorrhage mus rau hauv cov mucous membrane. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb hais tias cov suab paj nruag muaj zog heev thaum hnoos. Kev ntxhov siab thaum lub sij hawm dhau los ntawm huab cua ntws tuaj yeem ua rau lub kua muag micro. Feem ntau, qhov kev raug mob ntawm lub suab tau daws tau tag nrho nrog kev kho kom raug, tab sis qee zaum nws ua rau muaj kev mob ntsws ntev nrog lub suab ploj. Qhov no yog qhov txaus ntshai tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tus neeg mob hnoos ntxiv tom qab hemorrhage hauv ligaments.
- Qhov tshwm sim ntawm emphysema. Thaum koj hnoos, lub ntsws puv nrog cua, thiab tom qab ntawd lub siab ntawm lawv nce. Nrog rau kev tawm tsam ntev ntawm kev hnoos hnoos (qhov no tshwm sim hauv cov neeg haus luam yeeb), alveoli tau ncab, ua raws li kev tsim ntawm emphysema.
- Ntseegpneumothorax. Qhov mob no tshwm sim thaum lub ntsws cov ntaub so ntswg torn, tom qab ntawd los ntawm huab cua nkag mus rau hauv lub pleural kab noj hniav. Feem ntau qhov no tshwm sim thaum muaj qhov pib tshwm sim, tab sis qhov hnoos hawb pob vim muaj qhov nce ntxiv ntawm lub ntsws tuaj yeem ua rau qhov no yooj yim.
- Qhov tshwm sim ntawm hernia nrog kev ua txhaum tom qab. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj qhov hnoos zoo li no. Cov leeg nqaij ntawm lub plab phab ntsa ntawm tus me nyuam me yog qhov tsis muaj zog, thiab nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm hnoos shocks, siab tsis tsuas yog intrathoracic, tab sis kuj intra-abdominal nce ho.
- Txhim kho cov teeb meem ntawm cov hlab plawv. Hauv qhov no, hnoos yog qhov txaus ntshai los ntawm kev nce ntshav siab mus rau lub xeev tseem ceeb, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab plawv (qee zaum, mob plawv tshwm sim).
- teeb meem hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm hnoos paroxysmal ntev, intracranial siab nce thiab mob taub hau loj tshwm sim.
Thaum tus hnoos hawb pob tshwm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd thiab tau txais cov lus qhia yuav ua li cas tshem tawm tsis tau tsuas yog tus kab mob xwb, tab sis kuj yog cov tsos mob tsis kaj siab tshaj plaws.
Kab mob ua rau muaj teeb meem
Qhov ua rau hnoos hawb pob feem ntau tsis txaus ntshai, tab sis qee zaum lawv yuav qhia tau tias muaj teeb meem loj rau tus neeg mob noj qab haus huv.
hnoos feem ntau tshwm sim thaum muaj cov kab mob hauv qab no:
- ORZ hauv daim ntawv ntawm tracheitis. Nrog xws li ib tug poobNyob rau hauv thawj theem, ib tug inflammatory txheej txheem tsim nyob rau hauv lub mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm lub trachea yam tsis tau tsim cov hnoos qeev. hnoos receptors teb rau ntau yam tshuaj uas tsim thaum lub sij hawm o. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov rhiab heev ntawm cov receptors nce, thiab tus neeg mob pib muaj kev mob tsis zoo. Txawm tias ua pa ib txwm muaj, muaj qhov kub hnyiab hauv siab, muaj lub siab xav hnoos. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug unproductive hnoos ntawm ib tug paroxysmal hom feem ntau tshwm sim.
- False croup lossis subglottic laryngitis. Nrog xws li ib tug kab mob nyob rau hauv lub larynx, tus txheej txheem ntawm o pib nrog ntxiv o ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg mos. Qee zaum, spasms ntawm cov leeg ntawm lub larynx yog ntxiv rau edema, uas tshwm sim raws li ib tug hnoos hnoos nrog ua tsis taus pa luv thiab hoarseness. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus neeg mob tsim ib tug hacking hnoos thaum hmo ntuj.
- mob ntsws mob ntsws. Cov kab mob zoo li no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv feem ntau thaum raug rau qhov tsis zoo sab nraud (kev haus luam yeeb, ua haujlwm tsis zoo, tsis zoo ib puag ncig ntawm qhov chaw nyob). Microparticles ntawm pa luam yeeb thiab hmoov av, thaum lawv nkag mus rau hauv lub bronchi, provoke ib tug inflammatory txheej txheem. Lub cev, nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sim kom tshem tawm ntawm allergens, tsim cov hnoos qeev tuab, uas accumulates nyob rau hauv lub lumen ntawm lub bronchi. Hauv cov neeg mob zoo li no, qhov hnoos qeev tshwm sim nws tus kheej mus rau qhov ntau dua thaum sawv ntxov - cov hnoos qeev tuab nyuaj dhau (lossis tsis tag nrho), ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov mucous membrane.
- Bronchial hawb pob. Xws li ib tug kab mob nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntawm ib tug allergic xwm. Thaum sib cuag nrog cov allergen nyob rau hauv lub mucosa, txheej txheem ntawm kev tiv thaivmob. Tag nrho cov no ua rau mucosal edema thiab pib ntawm bronchospasm. Nrog xws li ib tug kab mob, hnoos qeev, raws li txoj cai, tsis tshwm sim los yog tam sim no, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi. Allergic mucosal edema ua rau paroxysmal hnoos unproductive. Yog tias tsis kho, yuav ua rau tuag taus.
- YCystic fibrosis. Nrog xws li qhov txhab, vim muaj cov caj ces tsis xws luag, cov hnoos qeev uas tsim tshwj xeeb yog tuab, yog li nws nyuaj heev kom tawm mus. Hauv qhov no, qhov tsis zoo tshwm sim yog tshwm sim rau txhua tus tib neeg lub cev. Tus kab mob ntawm daim ntawv no feem ntau txiav txim siab thaum yau. Thaum lub ntsws raug cuam tshuam, cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog ua tsis taus pa thiab hnoos hawb pob.
- Pleurisy qhuav. Inflammation ntawm lub pleura kuj tshwm sim nrog ib tug hacking hnoos. Yog vim li cas rau qhov hnoos no yog reflex - muaj ntau cov hlab ntsha xaus nyob rau hauv lub pleura. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ua pa, cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm lub pleura rub tawm tsam ib leeg, uas ua rau qhov pib ntawm ib tug ntev hnoos. Yog tias muaj kua exudate tshwm sim, cov tsos mob sai sai ploj.
- Tuberculosis. Nrog rau cov tsos mob ntawm tuberculosis, hnoos syndrome yog ib qho kev mob tshwm sim. Raws li txoj cai, hnoos tsis muaj zog, tsis tshua muaj kev tawm tsam, tab sis thaum tus kab mob kis mus rau cov qog nqaij hlav intrathoracic lossis pleura, nws kuj qee zaum nrog kev hnoos.
- Tumor formations. Nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog thiab kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha, qhov hnoos hawb pob tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
- Lub cev txawv teb chaws. Yog hais tias lub cev txawv teb chaws nkag mus rau hauv txoj kev ua pa, hnoos muaj zog ntawm paroxysmal xwm yuav pib.
- Kab mob tsis tshua muaj. Nadsadnyhnoos qee zaum provokes kab mob nyob rau hauv uas qhov txhab txuas mus rau lub pa system. Feem ntau, cov kab mob no kis tau yam tsis muaj hnoos qeev. Cov kab mob no muaj xws li: histiocytosis, sarcoidosis, thiab idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
ntsuas ntsuas
Yog paroxysmal hacking hnoos tshwm sim los ntawm hypothermia thiab dhau los ntawm qhov ntswg, ua npaws, tsis xis nyob hauv caj pas, ces feem ntau tus kws kho mob kuaj mob SARS.
Tus kab mob no tau txiav txim siab raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm tus neeg mob, anamnesis thiab kev kuaj mob, kev kuaj mob tsis tau ua. Tab sis txawm tias muaj kab mob ua pa hnyav, qee zaum, tus kws kho mob pom zoo kom tus neeg mob tau txais fluorography thiab pub ntshav mus rau qhov chaw kuaj.
Kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- ua tsis taus pa hnyav, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv hawb pob;
- mob plab thaum ua pa;
- yog tias muaj ntshav txhaws hauv cov hnoos qeev;
- ua npaws ntev thaum noj tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob - ntau dua 4 hnub;
- hnoos ntev dua plaub hnub;
- yog tias muaj kev sib cuag nrog cov neeg mob TB;
- yog tias tsis tau muaj FG xyoo tas los.
Tshawb Fawb Ntxiv
Kuj, yog tias qhov ua rau mob hnoos tsis tau tsim, tom qab ntawd txhawm rau kuaj xyuas kom raug, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tshuaj xyuas tus neeg mob ntxiv:
- yog tias kuaj pom tus qogkev kawm hauv lub cev;
- thaum qhov kub thiab txias dua tom qab normalization ntawm tus neeg mob tus mob thaum kho;
- kuaj mob ua pa;
- ntsuas pa;
- mus ntsib ENT;
- teeb tsa kev tsis haum;
- sputum collection rau bacteriological as well as microscopic exam.
Cov kev ntsuas ntsuas tau piav qhia yuav tsis txaus los ntsuas qhov tseeb. Yog tias tsim nyog, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem xa mus rau lwm tus kws kho mob rau kev sab laj.
Kev kho mob ntawm qhov txhab
Yuav ua li cas kho tus hnoos hawb pob? Kev ntsuas kho yuav tsum tau kho cov hauv paus hauv paus ntawm tus kab mob. Cov ntaub ntawv ntev ntawm kev puas tsuaj yuav tsum tau kho los ntawm tus kws kho mob nrog ib qho profile tshwj xeeb. Thaum muaj mob hawb pob, tus neeg mob tau muab tshuaj bronchodilators, nrog rau tuberculosis - tshuaj tua kab mob tshwj xeeb. Yog tias muaj qog nqaij hlav, yuav tsum tau phais.
Thaum kho tus mob hnoos hawb pob hauv cov neeg laus, yog tias nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig thiab muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm tshuaj tua kab mob.
Nrog rau qhov hnoos hawb pob, uas yog cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ua pa nyuaj, kev kho mob yuav suav nrog cov haujlwm hauv qab no: pw so, tso cua sov hauv chav thiab ua kom cov huab cua nyob hauv nws, haus dej kom ntau, noj cov tshuaj vitamin complexes, tshuaj tua kab mob. thiab ua noj kom raug. Nws tseem ceeb heev kom pib noj tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob.
Kawm txoj cai
ThaumHauv kev kho mob hnoos qhuav hauv cov neeg laus, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum ua raws li qee cov cai. Cov no suav nrog:
- xaiv cov tshuaj kom raug raws li lub ntsiab ntawm tus kab mob (cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb raws li cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob);
- nruj me ntsis raws li cov tshuaj tau sau tseg thiab lub sijhawm ntawm nws qhov kev noj (nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, nws raug txwv tsis pub noj ntawm koj tus kheej);
- txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau contraindications - qee yam tshuaj raug txwv tsis pub sau rau menyuam yaus;
- tshuaj xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tom qab ob peb hnub ntawm kev kho mob;
- noj tshuaj ntxiv los tswj cov microflora thaum kho tshuaj tua kab mob.
Main drug
Tshuaj tua kab mob yog siv los tshem tawm hnoos. Nrog rau cov kab mob ua pa hnyav, cov tshuaj no raug tso cai tsuas yog noj hauv thawj ob peb hnub, txog thaum cov hnoos qeev pib tawm.
Tom qab ntawd, cov tshuaj tua kab mob raug tso tseg, thiab tus kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj kom txo cov hnoos qeev thiab pab txhawb nws tso tawm.
Antitussives tuaj yeem yog ob hom nyob ntawm cov nyhuv:
- hnoos suppressants - tshuaj uas suav nrog butamirate, codeine, oxeladine thiab cov khoom zoo sib xws. Lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub paj hlwb.
- Suppressive receptor rhiab heev thaum hnoos. Feem ntau, cov kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj Libexin, vim nws tsis cuam tshuam rau lub hauv paus paj hlwb.
Thaum noj tshuaj tiv thaivNws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias lawv raug txwv nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm hnoos qeev, ua tsis taus pa hnyav thiab spasms nyob rau hauv lub bronchi.
Me nyuam hnoos haum
Yog tus me nyuam muaj hnoos hawb pob, koj yuav tsum tau piav qhia rau nws tias tsis muaj dab tsi txhawj txog. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 5 xyoos ntshai heev thaum lawv hnoos tsis zoo. Thaum hnoos paroxysmal tshwm sim thaum hmo ntuj, tus me nyuam yuav tsum tau muab ib yam dab tsi sov (tshuaj yej nrog raspberries los yog zib mu). Cov txiaj ntsig zoo yog muab los ntawm kev noj cov dej ntxhia alkaline yam tsis muaj roj. Ib qho tshuaj zoo tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum hnoos qhuav yog cov mis nyuj sov, uas ntxiv cov dej qab zib thiab zib ntab.
Yog qhov khaus qhuav ntawm cov menyuam yaus rov tshwm sim thiab tsis ploj mus ntev, nws tseem ceeb heev kom nrhiav kev pab kho mob sai li sai tau.
Kho tus me nyuam
Thaum kho hnoos, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau txheeb xyuas qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm nws qhov tshwm sim, vim tias txhua qhov kev kho mob yuav txawv. Yog hais tias hnoos yog ib qho kev tsis haum tshuaj, ces nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob ua xua thiab mus ntsib kws kho mob uas yuav xaiv cov tshuaj antihistamine. Yog hais tias tus kab mob ua rau hnoos, tus me nyuam tau txais tshuaj tua kab mob tshwj xeeb.
Tshuaj uas siv los kho qhov qhuav, hnoos hnoos hauv tus menyuam yuav cuam tshuam:
- hnoos chaw hauv lub hlwb, suppressing reflex.
- Musculature ntawm bronchi. Cov tshuaj no pab nthuav lub bronchi thiab ua pa yooj yim dua.
- Npaj npaim. Tshuaj nqamoisturizing nyhuv, tshem tawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory thiab provoke sputum ntau lawm.
- Sputum ntau lawm hauv bronchi. Cov tshuaj no ua rau cov hnoos qeev, uas pab nws dhau.
Kev tshuaj noj yuav tsum yog tus kws kho mob nkaus xwb, vim tias xaiv cov nyiaj tsis raug, koj tsuas tuaj yeem ua rau tus menyuam mob hnyav zuj zus, qee qhov txwv tsis pub sib koom ua ke.
Cov kws kho mob sau tseg tias kev kho mob hnoos hawb pob hauv tus menyuam yuav tsum tau ua hauv kev kho mob ntawm kev tshem tawm cov kab mob hauv qab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug paroxysmal hnoos kom ventilate lub chav tsev zoo, nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntawm txoj kev thiab haus dej kom ntau.
zaub mov txawv teb chaws
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob hnoos hawb pob thaum muaj kab mob ua pa hnyav yog txhawm rau txo nws cov tsos mob sai sai thiab txhais mus rau hauv daim ntawv tsim khoom. Hauv qhov no, inhalation yuav yog qhov kev kho zoo tshaj plaws. Nws raug tso cai siv lub tshuab nqus pa yooj yim, nrog rau ntxiv dej qab zib, roj yam tseem ceeb, lwm yam tshuaj thiab decoctions ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab rau nws.
Inhalations tshaj boiled qos yaj ywm muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb nyhuv. Ua li no, tubers yuav tsum tau boiled thiab mashed ua ke nrog daim tawv nqaij. Koj yuav tsum tau ua pa hla cov qos yaj ywm nrog ib daim ntaub hla koj lub taub hau kom ua kom muaj zog ntawm chav.
Koj tuaj yeem kho qhov hnoos ntawm koj tus kheej nkaus xwb yog tias nws qhov ua tau raug txiav txim siab - mob khaub thuas me. Yog tias tsis muaj kev txhim kho nyob rau hauv peb hnub, nrog rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus neeg mob hnyav zuj zus, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau tig mus rau.tus kws kho mob.
