Nquag, tus menyuam loj hlob 20 cov hniav mis, tom qab ntawd 32 cov hniav tuaj yeem tshwm hauv lawv qhov chaw, suav nrog yim. Tab sis qee zaum cov hniav ntau dua. Xws li ib qho anomaly hu ua hyperdontia thiab polyodontia, thiab cov chav kho hniav ntxiv lawv tus kheej hu ua supernumerary. Ib tus hniav supernumerary txawv ntawm qhov seem ntawm cov duab thiab txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav.
Kev phom sij ntawm cov kab mob no
Raws li txoj cai, cov chav tsev ntxiv loj tuaj sab nraud ntawm kev kho hniav, uas cuam tshuam rau tus neeg zoo li. Lawv pom tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum luag ntxhi lossis sib txuas lus. Qee zaum, txawm tias muaj lub qhov ncauj kaw, ib tus neeg muaj daim di ncauj los yog lub puab tsaig uas tsis kaw. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm supernumerary hniav, lisping thiab hais lus teeb meem tshwm sim.
Tsis tas li, hyperdontia cuam tshuam rau kev tsim ntawm tom. Tom qab tag nrho, nrog xws li ib tug pathology, muaj teeb meem nrog zom thiab tom cov zaub mov, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj ib tug txav ntawm molars. Vim muaj cov ntsiab lus kho hniav ntxiv, muaj teeb meem nrog kev siv cov txheej txheem tu cev tas li hauv qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Thiab tsis muaj kev saib xyuas kom raug, ntau yam kab mob ntawm lub qhov ncauj tshwm sim.
Ntau zaus, kev puas tsuaj rau cov hniav ntau ntau yog raug rau cov mucosa, uas ua rau mob.cov txheej txheem hauv qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Vim muaj neeg coob coob ntawm cov chaw kho hniav hauv ib tus neeg, qhov kev kho hniav raug tsim tsis raug thiab tom raug cuam tshuam.
Supernumerary hniav: ua rau tshwm sim
Qhov laj thawj ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg no tseem tsis tau paub. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshawb fawb qhia tias polyodontia tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov hniav lossis raws li atavism.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov pob txha ntxiv hauv lub qhov ncauj tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias kev kho hniav sim rov qab mus rau qhov qub ntawm cov chav nyob uas tau muab tso rau hauv qhov xwm txheej. Peb cov poj koob yawm txwv muaj 6 incisors ntawm lub puab tsaig sab sauv thiab sab qis. Tias yog vim li cas ntau tus kws kho mob tau nyiam ntseeg tias hyperdontia hauv qee tus neeg tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li qhov atavism.
Raws li lwm qhov kev xav, cov chav kho hniav ntxiv tshwm sim thaum cov kab mob sib cais. Hyperdontia nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tshwm sim vim yog ib tug ua txhaum ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub puab tsaig ntawm lub puab tsaig ntawm lub puab tsaig nyob rau hauv lub embryonic lub sij hawm. Tus hniav ntau dhau kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim qhov tsis zoo, kev kis kab mob, kev siv tshuaj thiab cawv los ntawm leej niam uas xav tau, tshuaj tsis raug cai thaum cev xeeb tub, thiab lwm yam.
Yog vim li cas rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg no, cov kws tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv mus tshawb xyuas. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia meej txog kev txhim kho ntawm polyodontia, tab sis lawv feem ntau hloov mus rau qhov kev xav thib ob.
Ntau tus neeg mob hyperdontia tsuas muaj ib tus hniav ntxiv xwb, tab sis hauv 25% ntawm cov neeg mob muaj ob peb lub ntsiab lus ib zaug, feem ntau nyob hauv cov hniav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kwv yees li txhua tus neeg thib tsib nrog qhov noPathology nthuav tawm ntau qhov cuam tshuam rau cov hniav.
Ntau yam ntawm hyperdontia
Qhov kev tsis txaus ntseeg no tau muab faib ua hom raws li ntau yam. Allocate hyperdontia:
- Atypical. Supernumerary units tshwm rau sab nraum lub alveolar sockets, dentition, thiab tej zaum txawm sab nraum lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav.
- False. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm polyodontia yog txuam nrog kev tawg ntawm fused lossis ob lub pob txha tsim, nrog rau kev ncua ntawm cov mis nyuj cov hniav.
- Nyob. Kev tsim ntawm cov chav nyob hauv paus txawm tau pom.
- Atavistic (xws li). Cov ntsiab lus kho hniav ntxiv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kho hniav.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm polyodontia
Kev tawg ntawm cov chav nyob hauv ntau ntau tuaj yeem muaj cov cim sib txawv ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Piv txwv li, ib txhia me nyuam twb yug los nrog cov hniav zoo li no. Nws nyuaj heev rau pub lawv, vim lawv ua rau lub txiv mis raug mob thaum pub niam mis.
Thaum tus hniav loj hlob hauv tus menyuam loj, cov tsos mob xws li:
- pom qhov mob ntawm qhov chaw tawg;
- kub nce;
- ntau zaus - plab hnyuv;
- edema ntawm txoj hlab pa sab sauv;
- drooling.
Qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws yog kev tawg ntawm cov hniav ntxiv hauv lub palate. Thaum tus me nyuam pib hais lus, polyodontia muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev tawm suab. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus nplaig thiab mucous kab noj hniav yog tas li raug mob.qhov ncauj, uas provokes txoj kev loj hlob ntawm inflammatory txheej txheem.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj txo tau cov tsos mob tsis zoo ntawm cov hniav?
Qhov no muaj tseeb rau cov menyuam yaus, txij li cov neeg laus feem ntau tsis hnov qhov tsis xis nyob thaum cov khoom siv kho hniav ntxiv tshwm rau hauv lub qhov ncauj. Txij li tus hniav supernumerary erupts nrog cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li cov hniav mis nyuj, kev kho mob ntawm cov teeb meem yuav zoo ib yam.
Yog tias tus menyuam muaj kub taub hau thaum lub sijhawm ua hniav, koj yuav tsum muab nws "Ibuprofen" lossis "Paracetamol" hauv daim ntawv ncua kev tswj qhov ncauj. Cov tshuaj no pab tsis tau tsuas yog txo qhov kub taub hau, tab sis kuj tshem tawm qhov mob, nrog rau cov tsos mob ntawm o ntawm cov nqaij mos ntawm lub palate los yog cov pos hniav.
Nws kuj raug pom zoo kom siv cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv zos nrog cov tshuaj loog hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj pleev lossis gel thaum tawg ntawm cov hniav ntau ntau: Solcoseryl, Dentinox thiab Kalgel. Lawv muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob.
Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos raug tso cai kho nrog lwm yam tshuaj: muv khoom (propolis thiab zib ntab), decoctions ntawm tshuaj ntsuab (calendula, chamomile, txiv qaub balm). Nws tseem pom zoo kom yaug koj lub qhov ncauj nrog kev daws teeb meem raws li pej xeem zaub mov txawv. Lawv txo qhov tsis xis nyob thiab tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm o. Tab sis ua ntej kev kho mob zoo li no, nws yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho hniav.
Qee lub sij hawm ib tug supernumerary ib ntus hniav eruptstsuas yog ib feem, thiab ib feem ntawm nws cov yas tseem nyob hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub puab tsaig. Txhawm rau ua kom cov kab mob no loj hlob tuaj, ua ib qho tshwj xeeb zaws, kev co lossis hluav taws xob stimulation.
ntsuas ntsuas
txhawm rau kuaj pom cov hniav ntau dhau ntawm qhov ncauj, tus kws kho hniav tsuas yog ua qhov kev kuaj pom thiab mloog tus neeg tsis txaus siab. Tab sis yog tias chav tsev supernumerary tsis tau txiav, tus kws tshaj lij ua x-rays kom kawm tag nrho cov duab. Txoj kev tshawb no tso cai rau koj pom txhua yam khoom siv kho hniav, txawm tias muaj ntau tus lej, thiab tseem kom paub cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv qhov chaw.
Yog tias tsim nyog los kawm txog thaj chaw teeb meem hauv cov dav hlau sib txawv, nrog rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm
YKev tshem tawm ntawm pathology
Kev kho mob ntawm hyperdontia nyob ntawm ntau yam - qhov kev xav thiab qhov chaw ntawm tus hniav supernumerary, qib ntawm kev cuam tshuam uas nws provokes, nrog rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev tsim tom.
Kev rho tawm ntawm tus hniav supernumerary yog ua nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- Ib chav ntxiv erupts nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm molars.
- Cov pob txha ntxiv ua rau tsim cov kab mob tom, ob qho tib si tob thiab qhib.
- Cov khoom siv kho hniav ntau tshaj yog cuam tshuam thiab tsis muaj sijhawm ntawm lawv qhov tawg (distal, medial, vestibular lossis palatal qaij).
Los ntawm txoj kev, feem ntau qhov kev rho tawm ntawm cov hniav ntxiv ib leeg tshwm simtsis txaus. Txhawm rau txhim kho kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov hniav, siv cov khoom siv kho hniav.
Kev tshem tawm ntawm cov hniav cuam tshuam ntau tshaj plaws
Kev rho tawm cov hniav ntxiv yog txheej txheem phais, yog li ntawd, nws tsuas yog nqa tawm hauv chaw kho hniav xwb. Ua ntej ua cov txheej txheem no, nws tsis pom zoo kom haus cov tshuaj tiv thaiv coagulants thiab dej cawv. Hnub ua ntej tshem tawm ib chav ntxiv, tus kws kho mob ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev suav tomography lossis radiography.
Tshuaj loog thaum tshem cov hniav ntau ntau
Txoj kev no mob heev, yog li tus neeg mob tau muab tshuaj loog. Kev siv tshuaj loog raug xaiv raws li qhov ntim ntawm kev phais mob, qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus neeg mob thiab nws hnub nyoog.
Thaum cov hniav uas tsis muaj ntau tshaj tawm ntawm tus menyuam tsis muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 10 xyoo, nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua tshuaj loog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas ib tug neeg muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws mob, cov kab mob ntawm lub plawv system, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau tshem ntawm ib tug tsis tsim nyog kho hniav chav tsev yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev kho mob raws li kev tshuaj loog. Cov tshuaj loog hauv zos tau qhia rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 10-12 xyoos, thiab txawm tias qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis nyuaj heev.
Ua ntej tshem cov hniav ntau dhau, tus kws kho hniav ua ntej txhua yam ua ib qho kev phais hauv thaj tsam ntawm nws qhov chaw. Yog li ntawd, detachment ntawm mucoperiosteal nrov plig plawg tshwm sim. Tus kws kho hniav ces tshem cov hniav uas tsis xav tauunits.
Qhov khoob uas tshwm sim tom qab rho tawm, tus kws kho hniav, yog tias tsim nyog, sau nrog cov khoom siv pob txha. Tom qab ntawd nws muab lub flap detached rau hauv qhov chaw thiab ua tib zoo sews txhua yam.
Tus neeg mob rov los tsev tib hnub. Tau kawg, tsis pub dhau ob peb lub lis piam nws yuav tsum tau saib xyuas los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem tom qab phais mob, tshuaj tua kab mob tau muab tshuaj. Txhawm rau txhawm rau kho lub qhov, nws raug nquahu kom yaug lub qhov ncauj nrog tshuaj tua kab mob, piv txwv li, chamomile decoction lossis furatsilin.
