Smoker's bronchitis: Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Cov txheej txheem:

Smoker's bronchitis: Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
Smoker's bronchitis: Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Video: Smoker's bronchitis: Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Video: Smoker's bronchitis: Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
Video: Tsis Muaj Peev Xwm Yuav Ua Li Cas 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Cov tshuaj phem uas nkag mus rau tib neeg lub cev ua rau khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub ntsws. Qhov tshwm sim yog kab mob hu ua bronchitis. Cov neeg haus luam yeeb tau raug haus luam yeeb tas li, yog li tus kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv lawv. Ua ntej yog ib qho hnoos uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, feem ntau tom qab haus luam yeeb. Tib neeg tsis muab qhov tseem ceeb rau lub sijhawm no thiab txuas ntxiv haus luam yeeb. Yav tom ntej, hnoos hnyav zuj zus, cov tsos mob tshiab tshwm sim, qhov no ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj rau lub cev. Vim muaj cov xwm txheej zoo sib xws, cov kws kho mob tau txheeb xyuas cov kab mob sib txawv hu ua tus neeg haus luam yeeb bronchitis. Qhov no yuav tham hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv.

Terminology

Ua ntej tham txog cov tsos mob thiab txoj kev kho mob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txhais lub tswv yim. Yog li, tus neeg haus luam yeeb tus kab mob ntsws yog ib qho mob ntawm cov kab mob bronchopulmonary, uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau lub cev ntawm cov pa luam yeeb. Feem ntau, tus kab mob no cuam tshuam rau cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 30 txog 40 xyoo. Nws yog lub sijhawm no uas cov tsos mob tshwm sim lawv tus kheej kom meej meej, uas ua rau thawj qhov teeb meem. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 50-60 xyoo, mob bronchitis ntawm tus neeg haus luam yeeb nce mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws. TxhuaQhov xwm txheej yog tus kheej, tus naj npawb ntawm cov luam yeeb haus ib hnub thiab kev paub txog tus cwj pwm tsis zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb.

tus neeg haus luam yeeb bronchitis
tus neeg haus luam yeeb bronchitis

Kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob tshwm sim vim qhov kub hnyiab ntawm lub bronchial mucosa nrog cov pa luam yeeb. Vim li no, cov kab mob pathogenic nyob hauv thaj chaw cuam tshuam. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, ib tug neeg muaj qhov txo qis hauv kev tiv thaiv, vim cov pa luam yeeb muaj cov tshuaj lom thiab co toxins.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tham txog cov kab mob ntev, thaum tus neeg hnoos hnyav thiab tsis tu ncua, thiab qhov no txuas ntxiv mus rau ob xyoos. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov kab mob no yog mob ntev.

Vim li cas thiaj tsim tau tus kab mob

Qhov tseeb, tsuas muaj ib qho laj thawj rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob - haus luam yeeb. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm bronchi yog cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov pa luam yeeb. Cov kab mob tshwm sim hauv lub cev uas tso zis ntau ntxiv ntawm cov hnoos qeev, uas peb pom thaum peb hnoos. Raws li, xws li ib puag ncig yog qhov zoo rau kev yug me nyuam ntawm cov kab mob thiab microbes. Cov no, dhau los, cab kab mob hauv lub cev, ua rau muaj kab mob txaus ntshai.

hnoos ntub feem ntau pom hauv cov neeg haus luam yeeb. Qhov no yog vim muaj cov kab mob o, uas ua rau kom cov hnoos qeev ntau ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, tus neeg uas muaj tus cwj pwm phem hnoos thaum sawv ntxov, thaum nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj. Cov huab cua ntub thiab ntub dej tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo, cov tsos mob zoo li ci dua.

Kev loj hlob ntawm tus neeg haus luam yeeb tus kab mob bronchitis nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov xwm txheej. Ntawm lawv yog:

  • kev paub thiab kev haus luam yeeb, nrog rau hnub nyoogtib neeg;
  • hom kev ua haujlwm, ecology thiab tiv thaiv kab mob.

Kev cia siab tias muaj kev phom sij, tus neeg yuav tsum tsis txhob ncua mus nrhiav kev kho mob. Raws li koj paub, tsis quav ntsej tus kab mob feem ntau ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus neeg haus luam yeeb bronchitis yog dab tsi?

Signs of disease

Xav txog qhov mob no, peb tuaj yeem nco ntsoov qhov tsis muaj ntau ntawm cov laj thawj thiab cov cim qhia. Qhov no yog vim qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm tus kab mob raws li kev haus luam yeeb. Muaj kev xav tias cov neeg nyob hauv cov cheeb tsam nyob deb nroog, txawm tias lawv qhov kev paub ntev, tsis tshua muaj tus kab mob. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb, vim hais tias sab nraud (ecology thiab kev ua neej) muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob.

hnoos
hnoos

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus neeg haus luam yeeb bronchitis muaj xws li:

  • hnoos;
  • dyspnea;
  • ua tsis taus pa thaum qoj ib ce, qaug zog.

hnoos yog suav tias yog cov tsos mob tseem ceeb. Yog tsis muaj nws, bronchitis yog unimaginable. Cov tsos mob tau hais tawm, hnoos heev thiab muaj zog. Nws raug pom zoo tom qab haus luam yeeb, tab sis thaum tus kab mob ua mob ntev, nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv tus neeg thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj. Yog tias tus kab mob tau mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws, ces kuaj pom hnoos thaum nruab hnub, tsis hais hnub twg.

theem ntawm bronchitis

Tus neeg haus luam yeeb bronchitis tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb theem nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov tsos mob. Xav txog txhua yam ntawm lawv kom ntxaws ntxiv:

  1. Thawj theem. Lub sijhawm thaum hnoos pibtshwm sim haus luam yeeb thaum sawv ntxov tom qab pw tsaug zog. Thaum xub thawj, cov paib tsis muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog, tab sis tom qab ib pliag nws hnyav zuj zus, hnoos qeev tshwm. Cov emissions tuaj yeem muaj xim sib txawv: los ntawm dawb mus rau xim av (qee zaum yuav muaj kua paug). Tom qab ib ntus, ua pa luv tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm nruab nrab, lwm yam kab mob nyuaj, hnoos maj mam nce ntxiv.
  2. theem thib ob. Ntawm no peb tab tom tham txog kev hloov morphological hauv lub cev. Ua tsis taus pa luv yuav ua rau tus cwj pwm mus tas li, txawm tias muaj kev ua si ntawm lub cev me me, qee zaum qhov no ua rau qaug zog. Tus neeg ua pa nyuaj, thaum nqus tau, hnoos ntse nce mus rau hauv caj pas, lub plawv dhia nrawm.
  3. thib peb. Nws yuav cim qhov pib ntawm obstructive pulmonary kab mob. Lub sijhawm no, tus neeg haus luam yeeb pib muaj teeb meem loj, txawm tias thaum pw tsaug zog nws ua pa nyuaj. Kev hnoos yog pom tas li, cov hnoos qeev ntau tawm ntawm lub ntsws, cov tsos mob xyaum tsis tso cai rau tus neeg so. Lub cev tsis muaj zog, lub cev kub nce, qhov mob tshwm sim tshwm sim hauv thaj tsam hauv siab. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, ua pa tsis ua haujlwm tau tsim kho, thiab tsis deb ntawm kev tuag.

Txhawm rau zam tag nrho cov tsos mob tsis zoo no, koj yuav tsum daws qhov teeb meem txij thaum pib. Peb yuav tham txog cov hau kev thiab txoj kev kho tus neeg haus luam yeeb bronchitis me ntsis tom qab.

Tus kab mob txaus ntshai yog dab tsi?

Raws li twb tau sau tseg lawm, kev nqus pa ntawm cov pa luam yeeb ua rau kub hnyiab ntawm cov mucous. Qhov tseeb yog tias luam yeeb muaj gaseous teeb meem tshuaj uas ua rau khaus lub plhaub, vim li ntawd, hnyav heev.hlau. Elastic cov ntaub so ntswg hloov mus ua caws pliav. Qhov no ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev raug mob, uas tsim ib qho chaw zoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob. Cov ntshav muaj pes tsawg leeg hloov raws li nws tsis muaj oxygen.

haus luam yeeb
haus luam yeeb

Daim ntawv mob ntsws ntev yog qhov txaus ntshai tshwj xeeb, vim tias tom qab ntawd cov hlab ntsha txhaws, thiab ua tsis taus pa maj mam hloov mus ua mob hawb pob. Kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev sab hauv ntawm tus neeg. Nyob rau hauv kev tawm tsam yog lub hlwb, lub plawv, cov hlab ntsha thiab lub hauv paus paj hlwb.

Qhov tshwm sim loj tshaj plaws ntawm tus neeg haus luam yeeb tus kab mob bronchitis yog kev txhim kho ntawm cov kab mob pulmonary. Cov txheej txheem no yog irreversible yog tias tsis muaj kev nqis tes ua. Tsuas yog cov neeg haus luam yeeb hnyav nce mus txog theem thib peb, thiab txhua tus neeg uas muaj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo tuaj yeem dhau los ua lawv. Raws li cov kws kho mob tsim nyog, yog tias ib tug neeg tau haus luam yeeb thaum hluas, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 40 xyoo nws yuav muaj cov tsos mob thawj zaug ntawm cov kab mob pulmonary. Feem ntau tus cwj pwm phem provokes mob qog noj ntshav thiab mob, bronchiectasis. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau kho raws sijhawm ntawm kev haus luam yeeb bronchitis.

Yuav txiav luam yeeb pab tau?

Kev luam yeeb cuam tshuam yuav luag txhua lub cev ntawm peb lub cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub cev sab hauv ntawm ib tug neeg kuj raug kev txom nyem. Tau kawg, qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws poob rau ntawm lub ntsws, ua pa, qhov ncauj kab noj hniav thiab nasopharyngeal mucosa. Kev kho mob yuav tsum yog tsom rau kev kho cov khoom puas thiab cov metabolism. Ntxiv rau, nws yog qhov tsim nyogLub sijhawm ua kom lub cev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab cov vitamins.

Kev kho tus neeg haus luam yeeb tus kab mob ntsws yuav tsum pib sai li sai tau thaum thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Thawj qhov kev pom zoo los ntawm tus kws kho mob pulmonologist yuav zoo ib yam - txiav luam yeeb. Cov tshuaj niaj hnub no, txawm tias tag nrho nws cov kev ua tiav, tsis tuaj yeem tawm tsam tus kab mob thiab tus cwj pwm phem tib lub sijhawm. Yog li ntawd, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws yam tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees. Ib tug neeg yuav tsum muaj kev txhawb zog thiab lub siab nyiam. Yog tsis muaj nws, tsis muaj kev kho mob yuav pab tau koj.

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias feem ntau tsis lees txais kev haus luam yeeb ua tiav ua rau tshem tawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob, vim li ntawd, tus kab mob rov zoo dua. Yog tias koj ntxiv rau qhov kev noj tshuaj, ces bronchitis tuaj yeem rov qab mus ib txhis. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, tus neeg yuav tsum tau nrog nws tus kheej, vim yog tias nws daws qhov teeb meem hauv nws tus kheej, ces qhov kev pom zoo tau lees paub.

Diagnosis

Nws yuav zoo li qhov kev kuaj mob tau yooj yim, vim tias koj tsuas yog xav tau saib cov tsos mob thiab sau cov anamnesis. Tab sis qhov tseeb, txhua yam yog me ntsis nyuab dua. Tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tus kab mob tsuas yog tom qab tus neeg mob tau kuaj xyuas tiav. Txhua qhov teeb meem sib txawv, tab sis muaj ntau txoj hauv kev uas txhua tus neeg muaj cov tsos mob zoo sib xws tau raug. Cia peb sau lawv:

  • x-ray;
  • biochemical thiab suav ntshav kom tiav;
  • tshuaj xyuas cov hnoos qeev nrog kab mob bacteriological;
  • tshuaj tua kab mob rhiab heev;
  • spirogram thiab bronchoscopy.
Kev kuaj mobtus neeg haus luam yeeb bronchitis
Kev kuaj mobtus neeg haus luam yeeb bronchitis

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, tus kws kho mob pulmonologist tuaj yeem txiav txim siab. Feem ntau, cov kev ntsuas no tso cai rau koj los txheeb xyuas tus kab mob yooj yim. Tab sis qee zaum, cov txheej txheem ntxiv yuav tsim nyog. Yuav kho tus neeg haus luam yeeb li cas?

Drug therapy

Kev kho mob bronchitis yog nyob ntawm theem ntawm tus kab mob thiab tus mob ntawm tus neeg mob. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias feem ntau ib tug neeg tsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog tus cwj pwm phem thiab haus luam yeeb kom txog thaum kawg ntawm nws hnub. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, kev kho mob yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub neej, thiab nws yog aimed ntawm tshem tawm ua pa tsis ua hauj lwm. Qhov no yog qhov xwm txheej uas peb tau tham dhau los. Tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kab mob thiab haus luam yeeb tib lub sijhawm.

Cov kws kho mob sau cov tshuaj hauv qab no rau tus neeg haus luam yeeb lub ntsws uas tuaj yeem txo cov tsos mob:

  • tshuaj uas nthuav cov bronchial lumen;
  • tshuaj uas txhim kho cov hnoos qeev;
  • tshuaj tua kab mob;
  • tshuaj tua kab mob.

Yog tias tus neeg mob tsim kev cuam tshuam, yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj bronchodilators. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm pab pawg no suav nrog "Troventol" thiab "Atrovent". Thaum tsis muaj cov txiaj ntsig, cov kws tshaj lij tau sau "Salmeterol" thiab "Berotek". Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias tus kws kho mob koom nrog kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb bronchitis hauv cov neeg laus. Kev noj tshuaj yam tsis muaj nws qhov kev paub yog txwv nruj, vim tias nws yooj yim rau kev lwj qhov xwm txheej, uas yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem.

Thaum nrog tus neeg mob hnoostsis tu ncua raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ua tsis taus pa luv thiab ua tsis taus pa, feem ntau yog inhalations nrog ib tug nebulizer. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, thermal tshuaj ntsuab inhalations yuav muaj txiaj ntsig, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua pa.

Kev haus luam yeeb inhaler
Kev haus luam yeeb inhaler

Yog tias tus neeg mob bronchitis muaj cov hnoos qeev hnyav, tus kws kho mob yuav muab tshuaj mucolytics thiab tshuaj expectorant. Lawv yog siv ob qho tib si thaum lub sij hawm qhov siab ntawm tus kab mob, thiab thaum lub sij hawm nyob ntsiag to. Raws li rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob, lawv raug pom zoo tsuas yog thaum exacerbation ntawm bronchitis. Piv txwv li, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kua paug hauv cov khoom tso tawm thaum hnoos yog ib qho teeb meem. Qee zaum cov kws kho mob tau sau cov tshuaj immunostimulants ("Taktivin") txhawm rau txhim kho kev tiv thaiv lub cev. Kev kho cov tshuaj vitamin thiab noj tshuaj uas ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv qhov xwm txheej no.

Kev kho tus neeg haus luam yeeb bronchitis nrog cov tshuaj pej xeem

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm lwm cov tshuaj yog los txo cov tsos mob thiab pab txhawb rau tus neeg mob rov zoo. Bronchitis tsis muaj kev zam hauv qhov no. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem qhia koj yuav kho tus kab mob no li cas, thiab nrog kev pab los ntawm pej xeem cov zaub mov txawv, koj tuaj yeem pab txhawb cov kab mob bronchopulmonary thiab tshem tawm cov tsos mob tsis zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yooj yim sua kom tshem tau tus kab mob no tsuas yog siv lwm txoj kev kho mob xwb.

Txhawm rau kev tawm tsam cov teeb meem ntsws, infusions thiab decoctions ntawm ntau yam tshuaj ntsuab feem ntau yog siv. Xav txog cov zaub mov txawv rau kev kho tus neeg haus luam yeeb bronchitis nrog cov tshuaj pej xeem:

  • chamomile thiab rosehip tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj yej, zib mu ntxiv;
  • thyme decoction thiabpaj dandelion;
  • infusion ntawm qus rosemary nrog ntxiv ntawm thyme, St. John's wort thiab licorice cag;
  • dub radish kua txiv nrog zib mu;
  • compresses raws li tsiaj rog thiab qos yaj ywm.
Cigarettes nyob rau hauv ib lub ashtray
Cigarettes nyob rau hauv ib lub ashtray

Decoctions ntawm tshuaj ntsuab suav hais tias yog cov dej haus nyab xeeb, tab sis qhov no tsis muaj tseeb kiag li. Ntau ntawm lawv muaj cov roj yam tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev fab tshuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee cov tshuaj ntsuab muaj ntau yam kev phiv. Piv txwv li, nws raug pom zoo kom siv cov rosemary qus, txawm hais tias nws yog suav hais tias yog tshuaj lom. St. John's wort kuj pib qhia cov khoom tsis zoo nrog kev siv ntev. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los sab laj nrog kws kho mob. Kev noj tshuaj rau tus kheej yeej tsis ua rau muaj qhov zoo.

Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev kho lub cev, zaws thiab kho kev tawm dag zog. Rubbing pab kom tshem tau cov hnoos qeev thiab ua kom rov zoo. Kev tawm dag zog lub cev txhim kho lub ntsws thiab lub cev tag nrho. Ua pa gymnastics yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob, cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej nws. Yog tias ua tau, nws yog qhov zoo dua los kawm nrog tus kws tshaj lij, tab sis koj tuaj yeem paub cov txuj ci tsim nyog koj tus kheej.

Huab cua

Kev kho tus kab mob tuaj yeem xaus zoo. Tus neeg mob yuav tshem tau hnoos mus tas li thiab txhim kho lub neej zoo. Qhov kev sib tw no tuaj yeem ua tau yog tias koj ua raws li tag nrho cov lus pom zoo ntawm kws kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog kev haus luam yeeb. Yog tus neeg mob pom lub dag lub zog kom tshem tau tus cwj pwm phem, ces txoj kev kho yuav ua tiav.

Kev Tiv Thaiv

Tom qab kawm tiavkev kho mob, ib tug qub neeg haus luam yeeb yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog rau nws txoj hauj lwm. Tus kws kho mob yuav twv yuav raug muab tshuaj los ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev thiab cov vitamins. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev noj zaub mov, koj yuav tsum hloov mus rau kev noj zaub mov noj. Txhawm rau kom rov ua tau txhua yam ua pa sai sai, tus neeg mob yuav tsum ua lub neej noj qab haus huv, tso tseg txhua yam kev phem, kho tus mob khaub thuas raws sijhawm.

Cigarette ruins lub neej
Cigarette ruins lub neej

Kev tsis quav ntsej tus kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj heev. Nicotine yog ib yam tshuaj thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub cev sab hauv ntawm tus neeg. Kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo, koj tsis tuaj yeem rov qab los, yog li xav txog nws ua ntej haus luam yeeb.

Yog bronchitis pib tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev kho yog ploj thaum koj tseem haus luam yeeb. Tsuas yog qhov tsis lees txais cov luam yeeb ua tiav, ua ke nrog kev kho kom muaj peev xwm, tuaj yeem cawm tus neeg mob ntawm tus kab mob.

Lwm txoj kev tshuaj yog zoo raws li txoj hauv kev ntxiv. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb saib cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm tus neeg haus luam yeeb bronchitis hauv cov neeg laus. Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem loj uas nyuaj heev los kho. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm hom kab mob bronchitis, nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis txhob haus luam yeeb. Thiab yog tias koj twb tau haus luam yeeb lawm, koj yuav tsum rov xav txog koj qhov kev xav thiab tsis txhob ua rau koj noj qab haus huv.

Pom zoo: