Ntau zaus tib neeg tau ntsib ntau yam kab mob, thiab tsis ntev los no cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv tau dhau los ua qhov tshwm sim ntau tshaj, suav nrog atrial extrasystole (ntawm ECG yog txiav txim siab hauv feem ntau). Cov kws tshaj lij koom nrog qhov no ncaj qha nrog cov xwm txheej ntxhov siab tas mus li, cuam tshuam kev noj zaub mov thiab so, kev kho tsis raws sijhawm ntawm lwm yam pathologies uas txhim kho hauv lub cev. Kev kho mob yuav tsum tsis txhob poob thiab yog raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj mob. Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov ua txhaum cai no, nws raug nquahu kom siv kev tiv thaiv.
Atrial ntxov ntxov ntaus ntawm ECG: nws txhais li cas?
PE (atrial extrasystole) yog kab mob plawv uas tau hais tawm hauv lub suab nrov. Nws raug kuaj pom hauv cov neeg mob ntawm ntau pawg hnub nyoog. Cov kab mob no ntawm lub cev yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev cog lus ntxov ntxov uas tshwm sim vim hluav taws xob teeb liab hauv atria.
PE tsis yoghais txog tus mob malignant, tuaj yeem kuaj tau hauv cov neeg mob noj qab haus huv thiab tsis muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, tus neeg tsis tau txais kev kho tseem ceeb. Tab sis muaj cov xwm txheej thaum qhov kev kuaj mob ntawm "atrial extrasystole" yog thawj lub cim ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv lossis vascular systems. Yog tias koj tsis kam kho, ces muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau ntawm kev tsim cov teeb meem, piv txwv li, atrial fibrillation thiab flutter.
Thaum thawj cov tsos mob, nws raug nquahu kom nrhiav kev qhia ntxiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob nqaim - tus kws kho plawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li tus neeg mob cov lus nug, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev kuaj mob.
hom kev ua txhaum cai
Atrial ntxov ntxov ntaus ntawm ECG muaj ntau hom, uas yuav kho tau yav tom ntej. Tsuas yog ib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab txog hom kab mob pathology, yog li nws tsis pom zoo kom koom nrog kev kuaj mob tus kheej thiab ntau dua li kev kho mob txhawm rau txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo.
Nyob ntawm qhov raug txo qis ua ntej, ib qho extrasystole ntawm hom no raug cais:
- Atrial (tseem hu ua "supraventricular").
- Nodal.
- Lub plawv.
Kuj, nyob ntawm seb qhov ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub siab, cov kws tshaj lij paub qhov txawv:
- bigeminia (txhua lub sijhawm thib ob ntawm lub cev tshwm sim ntxov ntxov);
- trigeminia (txhua qhov kev cuam tshuam thib peb tshwm sim ntxov ntxov);
- quadrigeminy(txhua qhov kev txhawb nqa thib plaub).
Cov kab mob no muaj qhov sib txawv. Extrasystoles, nyob ntawm qhov chaw, tuaj yeem yog monotopic lossis polytopic.
Txoj kev sib cav
Qhov ua rau atrial extrasystole tseem tsis tau tsim los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, lawv ua raws li ntau txoj kev xaiv. Feem ntau, qhov teeb meem no tau kuaj pom hauv cov neeg mob uas tsis muaj pathologies ntawm lub plawv system. Tab sis nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias atrial extrasystole tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm:
- Kev noj zaub mov thiab dej qab zib ntau heev.
- Kev haus luam yeeb thiab haus cawv.
- Txoj kev ntxhov siab tsis tu ncua.
- Npaj so thiab sijhawm ua haujlwm, insomnia.
- Kev noj tshuaj uas muaj kev phiv cuam tshuam rau lub plawv dhia tsis zoo.
Atrial extrasystole ntawm ECG kuj tseem tuaj yeem qhia qhov tseeb tias tus neeg mob muaj txoj hauv kev ntxiv rau kev nthuav tawm ntawm hluav taws xob impulse nyob rau hauv lub conduction system ntawm lub plawv. Qhov no provoking yam yuav provoke lwm yam ua txhaum cai nyob rau hauv lub system. Tsis txhob hnov qab tias pathology tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob xws li:
- Txiv ntshav siab.
- Valvular heart disease.
- Congenital organ pathologies.
- Kab mob kis tau rau lub siab ua haujlwm.
- mob plawv mob plawv.
Ntau zaus, txhua yam kab mob, suav nrog kev thaiv atrial extrasystole ntawm ECG, tshwm sim hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov poov tshuaj, magnesium, nrog rau kev lom ntawm lub cev nrog lub plawv glycosides. Tsis tas li ntawd, pathologies kuj tuaj yeem pab txhawb los ntawm cov xwm txheej xws li cov hnub nyoog laus ntawm tus neeg mob (los ntawm 50-55 xyoos), kev loj hlob siab, tsis muaj cov roj cholesterol, thiab tsim cov cholesterol plaques hauv cov ntshav.
Symptomatics
Hauv cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb, tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm atrial extrasystole, uas tsuas yog ua rau qhov teeb meem nyuaj ntxiv thiab, yav tom ntej, kev kho mob. Yog tias tus neeg mob tsis tau kuaj xyuas kev tiv thaiv tsis tu ncua thiab tsis saib xyuas nws tus mob, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj thiab qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo.
Cov tsos mob feem ntau ntawm atrial premature beats:
- Ib yam txawv ntawm kev thawb hauv lub siab, uas tshwm sim tsawg dua 4-6 zaug hauv ib feeb. Qhov no tshwm sim los ntawm ib qho extrasystoles.
- Ua kom tsis muaj zog, ua tsis taus pa, ua npaws thiab angina. Cov tsos mob no tau raug sau tseg vim yog nquag lossis pab pawg atrial extrasystole, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov hemodynamic nruab nrab, vim li ntawd, tus naj npawb ntawm cov hlab plawv contractions nce.
- tsis pom kev. Tus neeg mob yuav pom qhov tsaus ntuj ntawm qhov muag lossis qhov tsos ntawm "zaj duab xis".
- Panic nres, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tshee ntawm lub plawv. Yog li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb cuam tshuam, tus neeg mobnyob rau hauv ib qho kev ntxhov siab tas li.
- Nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas tau muaj myocardial infarction lossis kuaj pom tias muaj kab mob plawv, cov tsos mob yuav tshwm sim raws li hauv qab no: mob hauv siab thiab hauv nruab nrog cev, tsis muaj oxygen, txias sab sauv thiab loog loog, daim tawv nqaij ua daj ntseg. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, yuav tsum tau pw hauv tsev kho mob sai thiab kuaj xyuas kom meej, vim tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tuag.
Kev ua txhaum cai nyuaj rau cov neeg mob uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm vegetative-vascular dystonia (VVD).
Diagnosis
Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov pathology ntawm lub plawv dhia, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau mus rau kev kawm electrocardiographic. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav pom zoo saib xyuas Holter ntxiv.
Dab tsi yog cov cim qhia ntawm atrial premature beats ntawm ECG?
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, tus kws tshaj lij pom zoo rau qhov txawv txav P yoj. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau du lossis txawv txav. Cov nthwv dej no yeej ib txwm cim rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub ventricular QRS complex, uas tseem tsis tau hloov. Tus kws kho mob tseem tsom mus rau qhov ua tiav kev them nyiaj ncua, txawm tias muaj kev zam.
Kev kho mob
Kev kho mob ntawm atrial premature beats yog raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb. Teem thiab kho tshwj xeeb los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij. Kev kho mob muaj ib txoj hauv kev holistic. Qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tsuas yog ua tiav los ntawmtuav cov xwm txheej xws li:
- khoom noj kom raug thiab sib npaug;
- kho ua haujlwm thiab so sijhawm;
- nquag taug kev sab nraum zoov, qoj ib ce;
- tsum tsum haus luam yeeb, haus cawv;
- Tsis muaj lossis noj nruab nrab ntawm cov zaub mov thiab dej qab zib.
Tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov kab mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum cai hauv lub siab. Nws raug nquahu kom them sai sai rau kev kho mob ntawm pathologies cuam tshuam nrog lub paj hlwb. Kev kho mob ntawm kev thaiv atrial extrasystole kuj tau sau tseg los ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb thiab tsis txawv ntau ntawm cov theem tseem ceeb uas tau teev tseg ua ntej.
Drug action
Ntxiv rau kev ua neej nyob noj qab haus huv thiab tso tseg ntau yam cwj pwm phem, koj yuav tsum pib noj tshuaj. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, tus kws tshaj lij yuav pom zoo kom pib haus valerian, motherwort tincture lossis lwm yam tshuaj ntsuab uas muaj cov nyhuv sedative.
Yog tias tus neeg mob tau kuaj pom tias muaj mob hnyav thiab tsis quav ntsej txog atrial extrasystole ntawm ECG, ces koj yuav tsum pib noj cov tshuaj xws li "Verapamil", "Diltiazem", "Kordanon" sai li sai tau. Tom qab txhua qhov kev siv tshuaj, tus neeg mob yuav tsum nyob twj ywm, so. Yog tias ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj tsis tsim nyog, koj yuav tsum qhia koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no thiab tsis txhob koom nrog kev kho tus kheej.kev kho mob.
Lub sijhawm ntawm kev noj tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm atrial premature beats yuav nyob ntawm tus neeg mob tus mob, nrog rau kev hloov pauv hauv ECG. Yog tias kev txhim kho tau sau tseg, ces nws raug qhia kom txo qis kev noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Kev saib xyuas xwm txheej ceev yog dab tsi rau qhov kev ua txhaum cai no
Thaum thawj cov cim qhia ntawm atrial premature beats ntawm ECG, nws raug nquahu kom ua tam sim ntawd ua haujlwm. Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias nws yog qhov zoo dua los pib noj cov tshuaj calcium antagonists (isoptin, finoptin), beta-blockers. Yog tias tus neeg mob tau kuaj pom tias muaj lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm, nws raug nquahu kom siv stropantil. Kev ceev faj yuav tsum tau siv nrog cov glycosides, vim tias lawv tau contraindicated nyob rau theem mob myocardial infarction. Kev pom zoo electrocardiogram ua ntej.
Nws tseem tsim nyog pib noj cov tshuaj uas muaj cov poov tshuaj, piv txwv li, Pananagin. Txhua yam tshuaj nrog cov tshuaj no muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm contraindications thiab phiv, yog li ntawd lawv yuav tsum tau ceev faj thiab nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm ib tug kws kho mob. Kev kho tus kheej hauv qhov no tsis suav nrog tag nrho, txawm tias hloov kho me ntsis ntawm koob tshuaj lossis lub sijhawm ntawm kev tswj hwm.
Pathology hauv menyuam yaus
Muaj cov xwm txheej thaum atrial extrasystole ntawm ECG tau sau tseg txawm tias nyob hauv cov menyuam yaus thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntxov. Ua rau muaj ntau yam kab mob thiab kab mob, xws li kab mob plawv, cardiomyopathy, cholecystitis, gastrointestinal pathologies, nce kev puas siab puas ntsws lossis lub cev ua haujlwm, muaj kev ntxhov siab tas li, ua npaws.
Ntau zaus, thaum txheeb xyuas qhov kev ua txhaum cai no, cov kws tshaj lij koom nrog cov kab mob ua pa. Qhov kev sib dhos tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau qhov qub tom qab rov zoo, yog li tsis muaj kev kho ntxiv lossis lwm yam kev cuam tshuam yuav tsum tau ua. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov teeb meem loj ntawm cov hlab plawv tsis suav nrog tag nrho.
Nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj hnub nyoog ntxov, tsis muaj kev tsis txaus siab txog kev noj qab haus huv. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, pathology tuaj yeem kuaj pom tsuas yog los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev kuaj mob los ntawm kws kho plawv. Raws li cov tub ntxhais hluas, lawv yuav pom cov cim xws li:
- kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub siab;
- ua pa nrawm;
- kiv taub hau;
- xav;
- tawm hws hnyav;
- insomnia.
Kev kho mob yog txhawm rau tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab ntawm kev xav, kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntau dhau. Cov tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj ntsuab uas muaj cov nyhuv sedative tuaj yeem siv tau. Nco ntsoov tham nrog cov niam txiv txog qhov teeb meem no thiab kev kho mob, ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov xwm txheej puas siab ntsws hauv tsev neeg.
ntsuas kev tiv thaiv. Huab cua
Kev tiv thaiv ntawm atrial premature beats yog ua tau yog tias them nyiaj rau kev tiv thaiv. Nws raug nquahu kom tso tseg tus cwj pwm phem, kho lub neej niaj hnub, thiab tseem pib noj zaub mov zoo. Cov zaub mov yuav tsum muaj xws li cov nplej, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub. Nws tsim nyog txwv tsis pub noj cov rog, qab ntsev thiab kib zaub mov. Tsis tsim nyogtsis nco qab txog kev noj cov kua dej txaus, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab plawv.
Kev ua kom lub cev muaj zog yuav tsum yog ib feem ntawm txhua tus neeg mob lub neej. Kev ua luam dej, taug kev, aerobics lossis khiav yog pom zoo, tab sis tsuas yog jogging. Yuav kom tsis txhob ua mob rau koj tus kheej vim yog kev tawm dag zog, koj yuav tsum xub sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog qhov hnyav, ces lawv raug tshem tawm hauv lub sijhawm luv luv. Qhov no yuav pab kom yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv, txhim kho lub plab zom mov.
Tsis tas li, kom tsis suav nrog atrial extrasystole, kev saib xyuas yog kos rau ntshav siab thiab qib roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav. Yog tias cov ntsuas no txawv ntawm cov qauv, koj yuav tsum pib kho tam sim.
Raws li kev kwv yees, nws yog qhov zoo. Pathology tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj teeb meem loj, tshwj tsis yog nws yog provoked los ntawm lwm yam kab mob hauv lub cev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, atrial extrasystole hloov mus rau hauv ntau lub plawv arrhythmias, piv txwv li, fibrillation. Feem ntau, nws raug kuaj pom hauv cov neeg mob hnub nyoog laus.
Yog tias koj muaj lus nug, nws yog qhov zoo dua los nrhiav kev qhia ntxiv los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, tab sis tsis txhob koom nrog kev kuaj mob tus kheej. Txawm hais tias muaj kev tsis ntseeg txog kev noj zaub mov kom raug, kev mus ntsib kws kho mob lub chaw ua haujlwm yuav tsum tsis txhob txiav txim. Tom qab tag nrho, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem sab hauv thiab kev noj qab nyob zoo yog nyob ntawm txoj kev xaiv kom raug.
