Neurotic stuttering, tseem hu ua logoneurosis, yog ib hom kev hais lus tsis zoo los ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws. Qhov kev ua txhaum cai no tau hais los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm kev hais lus sib dhos, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev rov ua dua thiab stammers. Neurotic stuttering yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm cov tonic thiab tonic-clonic hom nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm articulatory thiab ua pa-vocal cov leeg. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm neuroses, raws li nws muaj feem xyuam nrog kev puas siab puas ntsws. Logoneurosis feem ntau tshwm sim hauv menyuam yaus, feem ntau nws cuam tshuam rau menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 4-5 xyoos. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, feem ntau ntawm cov neeg mob hais lus tsis meej yog txiv neej.
Etiology ntawm tus kab mob
Qhov tseem ceeb ua ntej rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm neurotic stuttering yog qhov xwm txheej thaum lub hlwb raug mob. Nws tuaj yeem yog qhov xwm txheej ntxhov siab tam sim ntawd los ntawm kev ntshai heev.los yog kev sib haum xeeb ntawm kev npau taws, thiab kev ntxhov siab ntev ntev, piv txwv li, tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev sib cais ntev los ntawm cov neeg hlub lossis ib puag ncig ua haujlwm nyuaj. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, feem ntau yuav, cov pathology yuav yog ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm, thaum nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tom qab, stuttering yuav ua tau mus tas li, thiab qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm concomitant neurological kab mob yog siab.
Nyob rau hauv me nyuam yaus, qhov tshwm sim ntawm neurotic stuttering feem ntau piav qhia los ntawm qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo hauv tsev neeg. Qhov no yog vim qhov yuam tus me nyuam cov kev txawj hais lus, ob hom lus, cov ntaub ntawv ntau dhau, thiab lwm yam. Qee tus menyuam yaus xyaum ua tus neeg hauv tsev neeg hais lus.
Hereditary predisposition kuj plays lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov tsos ntawm neurotic stuttering. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog vim muaj cov noob caj noob ces nyob rau hauv lub tshuab hais lus.
Txoj kev txhim kho ntawm neurotic stuttering tseem tsis tau kawm tiav. Nws yog assumed tias thaum logoneurosis tshwm sim, ib tug ruaj khov conditioned reflex kev twb kev txuas yog consolidated vim lub tsim ntawm lub cev muaj zog automatism. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 2-4 xyoos, qhov pib ntawm neurotic stuttering yog ua ntej los ntawm pathological fixation ntawm kev hais lus stutters ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb los ntawm kev tsim ntawm kev hais lus. Nws tsis tsim nyog los tham txog pathology nyob rau lub sijhawm no.
Kev loj hlob ntawm cov menyuam yaus
Feem ntau muaj cov kab mob neurotic stuttering rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 2-5 xyoos. Kev hais lus ua haujlwm yog qhov kawg uas tsim los ntawm tus menyuam yaus, thaumkev hais lus tuaj yeem ua tsis tiav thiab tsis tsim kom ntev ntev. Yog vim li cas qhov system yuav ua tsis tau.
Cov kws tshawb fawb sau tseg qhov kev sib txuas ntawm qhov kev loj hlob tsis zoo ntawm tus menyuam thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hais lus. Ib txhia ntseeg hais tias nyob rau lub hnub nyoog no complex neurotic kev twb kev txuas yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub hlwb. Yog tias muaj kev raug mob rau lub cev tseem ceeb no, qhov tshwm sim ntawm stuttering nce. Txog rau tam sim no, koj tuaj yeem pom cov pov thawj tias pathology tau yau dua thiab muaj ntau zuj zus hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ob xyoos. Qhov ua rau ntawm neurotic stuttering yuav tsum tau txiav txim los ntawm kws kho mob.
Ntau zaus, cov menyuam yaus uas tau siv lub tshuab pa ntev ntev yuav nyuaj rau kev hais lus thiab raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev hais lus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev hais lus tsis zoo muaj peev xwm txhim kho sai. Kev hais lus tsis zoo rau txhua tus menyuam yaus. Raws li txoj cai, cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev phom sij, raug mob thiab kev xav uas yog predisposed rau cov kab mob neurotic raug kev txom nyem los ntawm pathology. Cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb qhia cov menyuam yaus xws li neurotics. Xav txog ntau yam kev pheej hmoo uas tuaj yeem ua rau pom ntawm daim ntawv neurotic stuttering hauv tus menyuam.
- Stuttering yuav luag tsis tshwm tawm ntawm qhov twg. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no pathology muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej thiab qhov tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam nws txoj kev loj hlob. Yav tag los, qhov muaj zog thiab tshwm sim tam sim ntawd tau xav tias yog qhov ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab, xws li thaum caij tsheb, saib yeeb yaj kiab txaus ntshai lossis hluav taws kub nrov.
- Ib qho laj thawj rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev ntxhov siab hauv cov menyuam yaus yog kev sib nrauj ntawm niam txiv. Cov me nyuam raug kev txom nyem los ntawmkev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv tsev neeg, feem ntau hnov cov niam txiv sib cav sib ceg thiab tham txog kev sib nrauj, thiab qee zaum txawm koom tes ncaj qha rau txhua qhov nce thiab nqis. Vim muaj hnub nyoog, tus me nyuam tsis tuaj yeem nkag siab txog qhov tshwm sim, vim nws tau txais kev xav ntawm tus kheej, tsis muaj txiaj ntsig thiab tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb. Tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txog kev hais lus.
- Lwm qhov laj thawj ntawm kev tsim kev ntxhov siab hauv tus menyuam yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kwv lossis tus muam thiab nrog kev khib. Tus me nyuam ntseeg tias kev saib xyuas niam txiv tag nrho dhau mus rau tus yau tshaj ntawm tsev neeg, tias nws raug tso tseg ib leeg thiab tsis muaj leej twg xav tau nws.
- Qee lub sij hawm hais lus nrov nrov tshwm sim los ntawm kev coj tus neeg laus lossis lwm tus menyuam yaus hauv ib puag ncig tus menyuam. Muaj cov xwm txheej thaum nyob hauv ib pab pawg menyuam kawm ntawv tau koom nrog tus menyuam nrog kev hais lus, tom qab qee lub sijhawm twb muaj ntau tus menyuam yaus uas muaj tus kabmob zoo sib xws. Cov menyuam yaus nyiam luam tsis tau tsuas yog qhov zoo ntawm kev hais lus, tab sis kuj yog cov ntsiab lus tsis zoo. Qiv stuttering yog qhov nyuaj rau kho dua li qhov tau txais los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws.
- Sab laug-tes uas raug cob qhia kuj yuav raug kev nyuaj siab tom qab. Kev yuam kom siv sab tes xis ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb hemispheric hauv tus menyuam lub hlwb. Nws yuav tsum rov kho cov haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb hauv txoj kev tsis zoo rau nws, uas ua rau, ntawm lwm yam, rau kev hais lus tsis zoo.
- Cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm cov menyuam yaus kuj feem ntau tau txais logoneurosis. Ib tug menyuam yaus niaj hnub raug yuam kom nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntaub ntawv, uas ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau. Cov niam txiv tsis to taub tias tus me nyuam nyuajhloov ntawm ib qho kev kawm mus rau lwm qhov, vim li ntawd, nws lub hlwb tau txais ntau cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis tsim nyog thiab hnub nyoog tsis tsim nyog thiab tshwm sim ntau dhau, ua rau muaj kev hais lus tsis zoo thiab logoneurosis.
Cov tsos mob thiab tus cwj pwm
Daim ntawv neurotic ntawm stuttering yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev faib tsis sib xws ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm kev hais lus tsis zoo. Ib tug me nyuam nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej sib txawv tuaj yeem tiv tau zoo nrog kev hais lus tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, thiab lwm qhov, kev hais lus nyuaj rau qhov uas txoj kev sib txuas lus yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua. Raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw paub thiab paub, ib puag ncig los ntawm cov neeg nyob ze, logoneurosis yuav tsis tshwm sim nws tus kheej los yog qhia me ntsis. Qhov kev siv zog ntawm stuttering tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev zoo siab thiab kev xav ntau dhau, nrog kev paub txog tus kheej lub luag haujlwm thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov xwm txheej. Nws tseem tuaj yeem nyuaj heev rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kev ntxhov siab ntxhov siab los sib txuas lus nrog cov neeg tsis paub lossis hais lus rau pem hauv ntej ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib.
Tus cwj pwm coj tus cwj pwm ntawm tus neeg hais lus tsis txaus ntseeg kuj raug luam tawm. Tus neeg mob sim zam kev hais lus ntawm ntau cov lus sib xyaw ua ke, siv ntau yam kev hais lus los npog qhov tsis xws luag, piv txwv li, los ntawm kev ncab lub suab. Feem ntau, tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm logoneurosis, logophobia tsim. Nws tuaj yeem nyuaj rau tus neeg uas stutters tham nrog lwm tus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg tsis paub, txhim khokev sib txuas lus complex. Feem ntau ib tug neeg tsis kam hais lus ntawm cov rooj sib tham thiab npaj cov rooj sib tham, vim nws txaj muag vim nws hais lus tsis raug.
Cov menyuam yaus uas raug mob logoneurosis zam kev koom nrog hauv kindergarten matinees, thiab cov menyuam kawm ntawv tsis kam teb lus hauv chav kawm. Cov kab mob pathology dhau los ua cov lus tshaj tawm hauv cov hluas, uas ua rau kev kawm tsis zoo thiab kev ua tsis zoo ntawm tus menyuam.
Neurotic daim ntawv thiab neurosis zoo li daim ntawv stuttering tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv ntau yam kev hloov pauv. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv neurotic tuaj yeem tsim, uas tshwm sim tom qab tawm hauv lub xeev ntawm kev poob siab lossis cuam tshuam. Cov xwm txheej xws li tsev neeg tsis zoo ib puag ncig lossis mob ntev mus rau lub hlwb tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm preneurotic, thaum hais lus stutters tshwm sim episodically. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, qhov xwm txheej tuaj yeem txav mus rau hauv ob qho kev taw qhia - ob qho tib si hauv kev taw qhia ntawm kev txo qhov tsis xws luag, thiab kev coj ua ntawm nws cov kev sib sau ua ke thiab nce mus txog kev hais lus automatism.
Kho ntawm neurotic stuttering yog nrog los ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- kev nyuaj siab-hom neurosis;
- pw tsis tsaug zog;
- asthenia;
- Neurasthenia;
- hysteria;
- phobias;
- enuresis;
- hypochondria.
Ntxiv rau, muaj cov kab mob tsis zoo uas cuam tshuam rau cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob vegetative-vascular dystonia. Cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj kev cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb rau somato-vegetative thiab neurotic mob.
Tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob
Cov chav kawm ntawm logoneurosis tuaj yeem rov muaj dua thiab tsis muaj zog, thaum qhov tsis xws luag tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws ntau dhau. Thaum lub hnub nyoog ntawm pubertal maturation, kuj tseem muaj kev cuam tshuam loj hauv cov teeb meem hais lus. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, qhov hnyav ntawm stuttering txo kom txog thaum nws raug tshem tawm tag nrho. Ib tug neeg laus uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev ntxhov siab thaum yau tuaj yeem hnov qhov kev tsis zoo no dua hauv qhov xwm txheej ntxhov siab.
Diagnosis
Neurotic thiab neurosis zoo li stuttering yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas ua ke los ntawm kws kho mob hlwb thiab tus kws kho hais lus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los txheeb xyuas qhov muaj nyob hauv tus neeg mob keeb kwm ntawm kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov mob hnyav lossis mob ntev. Thaum kuaj mob, kev hais lus raug tshuaj xyuas rau ntau yam kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub suab nrov, muaj kev xav tsis thoob thiab ncab ntawm lub suab, rov ua dua ntawm cov suab lus, qhov tsis xws luag hauv kev ua kom zoo thiab tempo. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho mob neurologist yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov txawv txav hauv cov txheej txheem neurological. Raws li txoj cai, lawv tsis tuaj nyob rau hauv logoneurosis. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem tshawb pom qhov kev txhawb siab me ntsis ntawm kev rov qab los thiab cov cim qhia ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm hom autonomic.
Ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev kuaj mob yog qhov sib txawv ntawm logoneurosis los ntawm neurosis zoo li stuttering. Cov hom tom kawg tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev raug mob craniocerebral, nrog rau cov pathologies ntawm lub paj hlwb. Tus kab mob no muaj cov cuab yeej ntawm kev vam meej tas li thiab tsis nrog los ntawm kev sim zais cov kab mob ntawm tus neeg mob lossis logophobia.
Neurosis zoo li stuttering feem ntau nrogorganic cwm pwm hloov, xws li inertia, nyuaj hloov, los yog lub xeev ntawm euphoria tas li. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov organic keeb kwm ntawm pathology, kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yuav tsum tau ua.
- YElectroencephalography.
- Echoencephalography.
- Rheoencephalography.
- Magnetic resonance imaging.
- Computed tomography.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb sib npaug kom tsis suav nrog qhov kev hais lus stumbling, uas tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm cerebral pathology thiab yog nrog los ntawm kev hais lus tsis meej vim yog kev tsis sib haum xeeb, kev hais lus tsis zoo thiab kev sib dhos, nws cov monotony, xaiv nyuaj. ntawm cov lus thiab rearrangement ntawm semantic accents.
Kuj logoneurosis tuaj yeem nrog kev puas siab puas ntsws xws li oligophrenia, schizophrenia, psychopathy. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau txais kev pab los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog.
Kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob neurotic stuttering
Raws li txoj cai, kev kho mob ntawm logoneurosis cuam tshuam nrog kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau tus kws tshaj lij, suav nrog kws kho mob hlwb, kws kho hais lus, kws kho mob hlwb thiab kws kho hlwb. Txhawm rau txhim kho kev hais lus tsis zoo, cov chav kawm hais lus kho tau raug tuav ua ntu zus. Txawm li cas los xij, tshwj tsis yog tias qhov xwm txheej uas ua rau lub siab xav tsis raug cais tawm ntawm tus neeg mob lub neej, cov chav kawm nrog tus kws kho mob hais lus yuav tsis ua haujlwm.
Txoj kev ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws
Txhawm rau hloov tus neeg mob qhov kev xav ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntxhov siab thiab tshem tawm nws lub zog, ua haujlwm nrog tus kws kho mob hlwb thiab kws kho mob hlwb, thaum lub sijhawm siv cov hauv qab nomethod:
- psychoanalysis;
- psychocorrection;
- kev kho mob;
- kev kawm puas siab ntsws;
- psychotherapy.
Yog qhov teeb meem tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm tsev neeg ib puag ncig tsis zoo, cov neeg mob raug pom zoo koom nrog kev kho mob hlwb nrog cov neeg nyob ze.
Neurologist pab
Kev pab ntawm tus kws kho mob hlwb yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj kho kom txaus, uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tshem tawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob logoneurosis thiab nws cov kab mob sib kis. Nyob ntawm cov teeb meem uas nrog logoneurosis, cov tshuaj hauv qab no yuav raug sau tseg:
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab;
- sedatives;
- tranquilizers;
- Neuroleptics.
Reflexology thiab kev siv electrosleep
Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem sau tshuaj reflexology thiab siv electrosleep. Cov txheej txheem kho tsis yog txheej txheem, xws li kev sib raug zoo, kev kho mob biofeedback, hypnotherapy, tuaj yeem txuas nrog kev kho mob ntawm logoneurosis. Kev kho mob stuttering tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev heev thiab yuav tsum tau siv zog tsis yog los ntawm tus neeg mob nws tus kheej xwb, tab sis kuj los ntawm nws cov txheeb ze.
Peb tau tshuaj xyuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim ntawv neurotic ntawm stuttering.
