Moles yog qhov tshwm sim los yog kis tau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Hauv tshuaj, lawv hu ua nevi. Yog tias koj pom lawv lub xub ntiag, nws tsis tas yuav suab lub tswb. Nws yog txaus tsuas yog ib xyoos ib zaug mus kuaj moles nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw kho mob. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tuaj yeem pom cov kev hloov pauv thiab kuaj tus kab mob, yog tias muaj. Yuav kuaj cov moles li cas? Yuav kuaj mob qog noj ntshav li cas? Peb yuav tham txog qhov no hauv peb tsab xov xwm.
Kev ntxhov siab
Moles muaj nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm txhua tus neeg, thaum lawv tuaj yeem loj thiab me, tiaj tus thiab convex, du thiab granular, tsaus thiab lub teeb. Nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam txhua qhov chaw kom zoo thiab scrupulously, tab sis nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los saib xyuas seb qhov nevus hloov pauv lub sijhawm. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yog them rau cov chaw uas nyob hauv thaj tsam hauv pliaj thiab hauv siab.
Tab sis vim li cas thiaj saib xyuas koj tus mole? Qhov tseeb yog tias txawm tias cov ntsiab lus me tshaj plaws ntawm lub cev nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm ultraviolet rays lossis lwm yamyam tuaj yeem tsim mus rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav malignant. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg uas muaj daim tawv nqaij sib zog, thiab muaj ntau ntau nevi ntawm lub cev, yuav tsum tsis txhob raug tshav ntuj ncaj qha, nrog rau tanning nyob rau hauv solarium. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev raug mob yooj yim rau kev yug me nyuam tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj. Ua ntej teb cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas moles raug kuaj rau daim ntawv malignant, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom nkag siab txog lawv cov hom loj.
Nyob ntawm yug
hom moles tseem ceeb suav nrog:
- Lub cev. Lawv tshwm sim vim kev loj hlob sai ntawm daim tawv nqaij capillaries.
- Pigmented. Qhov tshwm sim vim qhov tseeb tias cov xim melanin hauv lub cev tsim tawm ntau dhau.
Lwm kev faib:
- Nyob hauv yug. Nrog lawv, tus me nyuam yug los.
- Tau txais cov pob uas nyob ntawm tus neeg mob caj ces, hom tawv nqaij, thiab raug tshav ntuj.
Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj nevi, nrog lawv lub dav hlau tag nrho nyob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thiab dai, uas yog, ntawm ib ceg.
Yuav kuaj cov moles li cas
Nws yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim, nthuav heev uas tso cai rau koj los tshuaj xyuas koj lub nevus rau daim ntawv malignant. Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum nco ib lo lus "chord", uas txhua tsab ntawv muaj nws lub ntsiab lus.
- "A" sawv rau asymmetry. Yog tias koj lub nevus tsis sib npaug, asymmetrical, ces qhov no yuav yog ib qho cim ntawm kev kawm tsis zoo.
- "K" txhais tau tias ntug. Yog ib tug txheeb zecov pob txha tawg thiab cov ciam teb tsis sib xws, ces qhov no kuj yog ib qho cim ntawm kev ua phem.
- Lwm "K" yog ntshav mole.
- "O" hauv qhov no txhais tau tias cov xim ntawm kev tsim. Yog tias lub nevus hloov ntxoov ntxoo, blotches lossis kab txaij ntawm cov xim sib txawv tau tsim rau ntawm nws, ces qhov no yog qhov ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb.
- "P" - qhov loj ntawm mole. Loj neoplasms muaj ntau yam yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau malignant degeneration.
- "D" txhais tau tias muaj zog. Yog tias qhov stain tau loj tuaj, tawg lossis pob zeb tau tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.
Txoj kev mob tshwm sim
Peb tseem xav txog yuav ua li cas cov moles raug kuaj rau daim foos malignant. Yog tias cov stain pib rov tsim dua tshiab, hloov xim, ua kom sib dua lossis tsaus dua, ces qhov no yog qhov txaus ntshai heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog hais tias ib tug mole tau nce los ntawm 5 mm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb nyob rau hauv ob peb lub hlis, qhov no qhia tau hais tias ib tug malignant transformation.
Yog qhov mob hnyav tshwm sim thaum lub caij yug me nyuam raug mob, qhov no kuj yog ib qho mob hnyav. Txawm hais tias tag nrho cov tsos mob txaus ntshai tau piav qhia saum toj no, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias tsuas yog ib tus kws tshaj lij uas tsim nyog tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas mole rau oncology. Tsis muaj teeb meem koj yuav tsum koom nrog kev kuaj mob tus kheej hauv tsev thiab ua kev kho tus kheej.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Yog tias raug mob rau qhov tsim, tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv tshem tawm cov mole rau tus neeg mob. Koj tuaj yeem ua qhov no thaum twglaser, kua nitrogen, los yog kev phais yooj yim. Raws li txoj cai, tom qab xws li ib tug manipulation, cov khoom raug xa mus rau lub chaw soj nstuam soj ntsuam histological. Nov yog txoj kev kuaj mob tseeb tshaj plaws.
Qhov twg yuav kuaj ib mole rau oncology? Tsuas yog nyob hauv tsev kho mob xwb. Raws li txoj cai, cov no yog cov chaw kho mob qog noj ntshav uas cov cim yug raug tshem tawm. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias histology tuaj yeem ua tiav tsuas yog tias tus kws kho mob muaj cov khoom siv lom neeg. Thaum hlawv ib lub mole nrog lub laser lossis kua nitrogen, nws feem ntau tsis nyob.
Koj yuav tsum paub tias txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau los ntawm kev zam lub hnub ncaj qha. Yog tias koj mus rau lub puam, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj tom qab 4 teev. Koj yuav tsum siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub. Kuj nqa kaus mom thiab looj tsom iav dub. Cov paj rwb yuav tsum hnav thaum twg los tau thaum lub caij ntuj sov. Txawm hais tias muaj tseeb tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev xeeb tub hauv qhov no tseem ceeb heev, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem txo qis yog tias koj ua raws li cov lus qhia yooj yim no.
Diagnosis
Yog tias koj xav kuaj koj cov tawv nqaij rau oncology, ces koj yuav tsum tau ua dermatoscopy. Tus kws kho mob twg kuaj moles? Raws li txoj cai, qhov no yog ua los ntawm tus kws kho mob dermatologist. Thaum lub sijhawm kuaj mob, nws tshuaj xyuas cov tawv nqaij los ntawm lub iav tshwj xeeb, tom qab ntawd nws kho qhov loj thiab hloov pauv. Yog tias qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no tsis txaus, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb sau cov kev xeem uas tus neeg mob yuav tsum xeem dhau. Yog lawv qhiadeviations los ntawm tus qauv, ces cov neoplasms raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev phais yooj yim los yog nrog kev pab los ntawm cryotherapy.
Ntau tus neeg kuj xav paub qhov twg tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas. Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem no tau ua tiav hauv yuav luag txhua lub tsev kho mob pej xeem.
Dermatoscopy yog ua yog tias muaj ob peb moles ntawm lub cev nyob rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij ncaj ncees. Cov txheej txheem no kuj tseem ua tau yog tias tus neeg mob puas nws cov neoplasm, yog tias tus naj npawb ntawm kev loj hlob pib nce zuj zus, lossis yog tias muaj kev xav tsis zoo nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas tus nevus nyob.
Lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb
Muaj ntau lub tsev kho mob uas kuaj moles. Hauv Moscow, nrog rau lwm lub nroog loj ntawm Russia, muaj ntau lub tsev kho mob them nyiaj uas cuam tshuam nrog cov teeb meem oncological. Yog tias tom qab mus xyuas lub tsev kawm ntawv zoo li no, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tau kuaj pom tus kab mob malignant, ces nws yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas nws daim ntawv, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv kev sib kis sai. Ua li no, kuaj lub hauv siab x-ray, kuaj lub siab ua haujlwm, thiab kuaj ntshav biochemical.
Kev kuaj tus kheej - ua tau lossis tsis tau
Peb nrhiav tau qhov twg los kuaj tus mole rau tus menyuam thiab tus neeg laus. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau qhov tseeb tias cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem nqa tawm hauv tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ntawd, nws tseem yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob dermatologist kom kuaj cov mole kom paub tseeb tias muaj lossis tsis muaj kab mob phem.
Birthmark muaj peev xwmdegenerate mus rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav cancer, yog kuaj pom los ntawm cov cim qhia tau piav qhia saum toj no. Koj tuaj yeem ua raws li nws qhov kev xav tau ntawm koj tus kheej, tab sis koj tsis tuaj yeem kho hauv tsev.
Tus kws tshaj lij tshuaj xyuas
Thaum cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob malignant tshwm los yog xav tias melanoma, nws yuav tsum tau nrhiav kev pab los ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Saum toj no, peb tau teb tias feem ntau nrog cov teeb meem no tib neeg tig mus rau tus kws kho mob dermatologist. Yog tias koj lub tsev kho mob muaj tus kws kho mob dermato-oncologist, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los tiv tauj nws. Qhov no yog ib tug kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv daim tawv nqaij. Feem ntau, cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb no tau txais hauv cov chaw kho mob oncology loj. Hmoov tsis zoo, lawv tsis muaj nyob hauv txhua qhov chaw. Yog tias koj nyob hauv nroog loj, koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas mole rau tus menyuam lossis koj tus kheej nrog tus kws kho mob dermato-oncologist.
Qee lub tsev kho mob lossis chaw tshwj xeeb muaj cov kws kho mob oncologist. Feem ntau, cov tsev kho mob no kuj muaj lawv lub chaw kuaj mob histological, yog li kev kawm txog biomaterial yuav raug coj mus rau qhov chaw.
Raws li cov kws kho mob dermatologist, lawv tsis tshwj xeeb hauv melanoma, tab sis lawv paub txhua yam txog ntau yam kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tus kws kho mob no muaj peev xwm paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov tsis muaj mob nevus los ntawm tus mob melanoma, thiab tom qab ntawd muab cov lus qhia ntxiv rau tus neeg mob.
chaw kho mob hauv lub peev
Qhov twg mus kuaj moles hauv Moscow? Sab saum toj Clinics:
Russian Cancer Research Center. N. N. Blokhin: Kashirskoe shosse, 23
- tsev kho mob Yusupovskaya: Nagornaya txoj kev, 17, bldg. 6.
- European clinic: Dukhovskoy txoj kab, 22 B.
- Clinic of oncoimmunology thiab cytokine therapy: st. Builders, d. 7, bldg. 1.
- Moscow Scientific Research Institute of Oncology (MNIOI) lawv. P. A. Herzen: 2nd Botkinsky proezd, 3.
Risk factors
Muaj ntau yam uas ua rau muaj qhov ua rau muaj kev phom sij tsis zoo hloov mus rau melanoma. Cov no yuav tsum suav nrog:
- tawv nqaij tawv heev.
- Qhov chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij uas mole nyob yog tsis tiv thaiv los ntawm ultraviolet hluav taws xob (tes, ntsej muag).
- Cov txheeb ze muaj lossis puas tau muaj melanomas.
- Ntau moles ntawm tus neeg mob lub cev.
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg.
- Txiv neej.
Muaj feem cuam tshuam
Yog tias koj tsis tham nrog kws kho mob thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm malignant melanoma tshwm sim, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo, txawm tias tuag. Qee tus xav txog kev mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij tsis txaus ntshai, vim lawv paub tseeb tias nws tsis lig dhau los txiav tawm melanoma. Txawm li cas los xij, tus kab mob no yog insidious heev. Nws yuav luag ib txwm muab metastases, uas yog, mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem pib hauv txhua qhov chaw hauv lub cev. Qhov no yog qhov melanomas txaus ntshai rau.
Yog tias koj xav kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj los ntawm tus kws tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, endocrinologist thiab lwm yam nqaim.cov kws tshaj lij. Kev puas tsuaj rau daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm ntshav qab zib. Yog hais tias neoplasm nyob ze ntawm lub qhov muag, ces nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no ib tug ophthalmologist yuav pab tau koj. Tus kws tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (immunologist) txiav txim seb tus neeg tiv thaiv kab mob ua haujlwm li cas. Yog tias muaj zog txaus, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer ib ntus.
Kom tsis txhob muaj ntau yam teeb meem, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua kev tiv thaiv. Ua li no, cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom tshem cov moles uas nce siab saum daim tawv nqaij, nrog rau cov uas hloov xim lossis puas.
Patient opinions
Kev tshuaj xyuas los ntawm cov neeg mob qhia tias lawv tuaj yeem raug tso tseg yog tias lawv tsis hloov sijhawm thiab tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem. Ob tus kws kho mob thiab cov neeg mob qhia kom tshem tawm cov formations yog tias mole dheev pib hloov nws cov duab, xim, loj. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov pigmented formations uas nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub cev uas lawv raug mob tas li los yog tsim kev puas siab puas ntsws tsis xis nyob.
Nyob rau hauv cov chaw zoo nkauj, nevi tsuas yog tshem tawm, tab sis lawv tsis tau kuaj xyuas histology. Txhawm rau ua qhov kev kawm zoo li no, koj yuav tsum hu rau lub tsev kho mob. Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas, tib neeg sau tias cov txheej txheem tshem tawm mole yog qhov mob tiag tiag.
