Recklinghausen tus kab mob: ua rau, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Cov txheej txheem:

Recklinghausen tus kab mob: ua rau, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
Recklinghausen tus kab mob: ua rau, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Video: Recklinghausen tus kab mob: ua rau, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

Video: Recklinghausen tus kab mob: ua rau, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
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Anonim

Hnub no, ntau tus neeg muaj cov kab mob genetic pathologies uas qhia lawv tus kheej nrog ntau yam tsos mob. Ntawm lawv, Recklinghausen tus kab mob (neurofibromatosis) yog qhov txawv. Tus kab mob no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov qog zoo li formations, me ntsis, freckles nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas tsis yog tshwj xeeb thiab manifestation ntawm lwm yam cim. Tus kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv ntiaj teb cov pej xeem thiab tshwm sim hauv ib kis ntawm ob thiab ib nrab txhiab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, pathology yog kho tsis tau; kev kho mob yog nqa tawm raws li kev kho. Niaj hnub no, cov tshuaj txuas ntxiv txhim kho ib qho kev kho tshwj xeeb uas yog tsom rau kev kho kom tiav ntawm tus neeg mob.

yam ntxwv thiab piav qhia txog qhov teeb meem

Recklinghausen tus kab mob yog ib hom kab mob sib txawv uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb. Hauv qhov no, tag nrho cov kab mob hauv lub cev thiab lub cev tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem pathological. Tus kab mob no sai heev. Thawj cov tsos mob yuav tshwm sim thaum yug los, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov teeb meem yuav tshwm sim thaum laus.

Hauv ib nrab ntawm cov xwm txheej, cov kab mob tau txais txiaj ntsig, nyob rau lwm qhov nws tshwm sim los ntawm cov noob hloov pauv hloov pauv. Tus kab mob no manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ntau lub hnub nyoog me ntsis thiab benign neoplasms, pob txha nqaij abnormality, kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub iris ntawm lub qhov muag, raws li zoo raws li hlav ntawm lub hauv paus paj hlwb thiab lwm yam. Neoplasms tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha xaus.

Neurofibromatosis (ICD-10 code Q85.0) yog cov kab mob ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov kab mob etiology. Nws tau piav qhia thawj zaug hauv lub xyoo pua puas xyoo los ntawm ntau tus kws tshawb fawb, suav nrog Friedrich von Recklinghausen.

Kev kho mob neurofibromatosis
Kev kho mob neurofibromatosis

Kab mob kis

Neurofibromatosis hauv cov menyuam yaus raug kuaj pom sib npaug ntawm cov txiv neej thiab poj niam. Qhov no pathology yog cov kab mob ntau tshaj plaws nrog cov caj ces. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tib neeg ntawm ntau haiv neeg thiab tsis nyob ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm tus neeg, nws txoj kev noj haus thiab lwm yam.

Tus kab mob no tau txais txiaj ntsig, hauv ib nrab ntawm cov neeg mob nws tshwm sim vim kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob ntawm kaum xya chromosome. Cov noob no yog lub luag haujlwm rau inhibiting kev loj hlob ntawm cov txheej txheem qog. Thaum neurofibromatosis hom 1 tshwm sim, cov qog hlwb tsis pom los ntawm cov noob hloov pauv, yog li lawv tsis raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog, tab sis sib npaug, tsim cov qog nqaij hlav loj. Tab sis nyob rau hauv 15% ntawm cov neeg mob, cov neoplasms hloov mus ua qog nqaij hlav cancer.

Ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm pathology

Cov noob ntawm lub kaum xya chromosome loj, yog li hauvnws tsim ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm kev hloov tshiab. Hauv 50% ntawm cov xwm txheej, cov kev hloov pauv no tau txais los ntawm cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv, hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, kev txhim kho ntawm kev hloov pauv tshiab tau pom. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem no muaj qhov tshwm sim siab, yog li cov tsos mob ntawm pathology ib txwm pom.

Cov kws kho mob hais tias NF-1 noob tau koom nrog hauv kev sib txuas ntawm neurofibromin, cov protein uas inhibits kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog. Nws qhov tsis txaus lossis tsis tuaj yeem ua rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov hlwb mus rau hauv neoplasms. Yog hais tias cov qog nqaij hlav pib sib txuas sai thiab nrawm, malignant neoplasms tshwm sim. Qhov tshwm sim no tau pom hauv 15% ntawm cov neeg mob. Muaj Recklinghausen tus kab mob, ib qho autosomal dominant qub txeeg qub teg.

neurofibromatosis hom 1
neurofibromatosis hom 1

kab mob

Cov qog nqaij hlav hauv cov kab mob no tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov hlwb ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lossis lub paj hlwb peripheral. Nyob ntawm qhov no, nws yog kev cai hauv cov tshuaj kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov kab mob hauv qab no:

  1. Peripheral daim ntawv, lossis hom 1 neurofibromatosis, uas cov qog tsim los ntawm peripheral NS hlwb.
  2. Central daim ntawv, los yog hom 2 kab mob, nyob rau hauv uas neoplasms tshwm sim los ntawm cov hlwb ntawm lub hauv paus paj hlwb.

thawj daim ntawv ntawm pathology feem ntau kuaj pom.

Symptoms and signs

Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis nthuav tawm ntau yam tsos mob thiab cov cim qhia. Ntawm lawv, cov qog zoo li neoplasms, neurofibromas, hnub nyoog me ntsis ntawm daim tawv nqaij, teeb meem ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab musculoskeletal system, kev hloov pauv ntawm iris ntawm lub qhov muag tau sau tseg.

kab mob ntau tshajpib manifest nws tus kheej nrog kev loj hlob ntawm scoliosis, dhau sij hawm, qaug dab peg qaug dab peg, tsis pom kev thiab kev kawm nyuaj koom nrog nws. Neoplasms feem ntau nyob ntawm cov hlab ntsha peripheral, tab sis feem ntau lawv nyob ntawm daim tawv muag, conjunctiva, hauv hlwb thiab qaum qaum, thiab lub plab kab noj hniav. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag tes tuag taw ntawm qhov muag cov leeg, nyem ntawm lub cev, ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov hlab ntsha cranial, thiab lwm yam.

recklinghausen syndrome
recklinghausen syndrome

Ntxhais

Ntau zaus, neurofibromatosis hauv cov menyuam yaus pib tshwm sim txij thaum yug los nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hnub nyoog me me ntawm daim tawv nqaij, uas yog thaj chaw tiaj tus ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab qhov chaw. Cov xim ntawm cov pob tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm beige mus rau grey-xiav. Feem ntau lawv nyob rau ntawm ceg thiab pob tw, mucous daim nyias nyias. Lawv yeej tsis ploj mus. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm tus kab mob no yog cov hnub nyoog me me: nyob rau hauv pathology muaj tsawg kawg yog rau ntawm lawv, txog ib thiab ib nrab centimeters nyob rau hauv loj.

Tseem ib yam ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob yog tsim cov pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv armpits, puab tais, popliteal fossae. Freckles tuaj yeem tshwm sim thoob plaws ib tus neeg lub neej, feem ntau cov txheej txheem no cuam tshuam los ntawm kev raug mob, pob khaus, rub khaub ncaws, thiab lwm yam.

Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis kuj tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv daim ntawv ntawm Lisch nodules, uas yog cov xim dawb ntawm lub qhov muag ntawm lub qhov muag. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem kuaj pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab, lawv tsuas yog kuaj tau thaum pom los ntawm tus kws kho mob ophthalmologist. Raws li ib tug neeg loj hlob tuajnodules pib tshwm ntau.

Tumor-like formations

Neurofibromas nyob rau hauv tus kab mob no nyob rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij los yog nyob rau hauv lub cev nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau. Cov formations no yog pawg ntawm cov paj hlwb, lawv zoo li cov pob caus uas nyob rau ntawm ib tug nyias los yog dav stalk, plaub hau tuaj yeem loj hlob nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm nodules. Tus naj npawb ntawm neurofibromas nce nrog hnub nyoog. Qee zaum lawv tuaj yeem npog tag nrho lub cev, lawv kuj nyob ib leeg. Lawv qhov loj tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm ob peb millimeters mus rau ib lub meter hauv txoj kab uas hla (hauv 30% ntawm cov neeg mob). Yuav luag txhua tus neeg mob hauv peb caug xyoo muaj cov neoplasms zoo li no.

Neurofibromas feem ntau provoke qhov txawv txav ntawm cov ceg tawv (tso tseg). Yog tias lawv nyob hauv lub cev, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev, ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ib tus neeg muaj hnoos, ua tsis taus pa, plab zom mov, mob plab, mob leeg tuag tes tuag taw. Thaum nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, cov formations provoke kev loj hlob ntawm cov leeg tsis muaj zog, mob, thiab rhiab heev.

neurofibromatosis type 1 Recklinghausen tus kab mob qhov twg kho
neurofibromatosis type 1 Recklinghausen tus kab mob qhov twg kho

Recklinghausen's syndrome kuj tshwm sim los ntawm lwm cov qog: astrocytomas, meningiomas, gliomas lossis ependymomas. Thaum cov qog tsim nyob rau hauv lub pob txha taub hau, intracranial siab nce nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg, nqaij paresis, hais lus, tsis pom kev thiab tsis hnov lus, nrog rau kev puas hlwb tshwm sim. Feem ntau ib tug neeg tsim cov qog ntawm cov qog adrenal, uas provokes nce ntshav siab. gliomakuaj mob nyob rau hauv 15% ntawm cov neeg mob thiab manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv qhov muag tsis pom kev, protrusion ntawm lub qhov muag.

Kev mob ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab musculoskeletal system

Cov kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb hauv tus kab mob no tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm qhov tshwm sim. Feem ntau cov cim qhia ntawm pathology yog kev puas hlwb kev txawj ntse, nyuaj rau kev kawm sau ntawv thiab nyeem, thiab paub txog sciences.

Recklinghausen tus kab mob feem ntau tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv kev qaug dab peg, kev loj hlob ntawm kev nyuaj siab nrog txhua yam kev mob tshwm sim. Qee qhov xwm txheej, kev nyuaj siab tshwm sim vim qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce uas ua rau deformity. Ib tug neeg txaj muag los ntawm nws lub ntsej muag, zam kev sib cuag nrog tib neeg, thim rov qab rau hauv nws tus kheej.

Nrog rau qhov pathology no, cov qauv tsis raug ntawm cov pob txha tshwm sim:

  • underdevelopment ntawm cov pob txha sphenoid;
  • kyphoscoliosis ntawm qaum;
  • tsis zoo ntawm tav thiab hauv siab;
  • spondylolisthesis;
  • asymmetric pob txha taub hau qauv;
  • kev txhim kho pob txha pob txha, ua rau cov pob txha tsis tu ncua;
  • deformation ntawm cov pob txha tubular, tsim cov hlwv ntawm lawv;
  • hloov lub ntsej muag ntawm pob txha taub hau thiab phab ntsa ntawm lub orbits.

Cov tsos mob ntxiv

Recklinghausen tus kab mob (neurofibromatosis) ntawm thawj hom (qhov twg kho pathology, yuav tau tham hauv qab no) qhia lwm yam tsos mob. Nws cov cim suav nrog:

  • human growth disorder;
  • ntxov puberty, gynecomastia;
  • tsim cov hlwv hauv lub ntsws;
  • syringomyelia;
  • nrog rau cov hlab ntsha pulmonary;
  • pneumonia;
  • qauv tsis zoo ntawm lub plab zom mov;
  • nce ntshav siab.
Recklinghausen's Disease Diagnosis
Recklinghausen's Disease Diagnosis

Recklinghausen's disease: kuaj mob

Kev ntsuas ntsuas tau tsim los ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm Thoob Ntiaj Teb ntawm cov kab mob no. Rau qhov kev kuaj mob kom raug, tus neeg yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog ob ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no:

  1. Ntau tshaj tsib lub hnub nyoog me me ntawm lub cev loj dua tsib millimeters.
  2. Ob lub qog zoo li tsim ntawm txhua yam thiab ntau yam.
  3. Txhob cia rau ntawm caj npab thiab puab ceg.
  4. Kev txhim kho pob txha pob txha thiab pob txha sphenoid.
  5. Optic paj hlwb glioma.
  6. Tsawg kawg yog ob lub lisch pob.
  7. Muaj cov txheeb ze uas muaj cov tsos mob zoo sib xws.

Kev kuaj thawj zaug yog ua los ntawm tus kws kho mob hauv tsev kho mob. Nws muaj peev xwm mus ntsib kws kho mob ophthalmologist, kws kho mob dermatologist, neurologist thiab lwm tus.

Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los kuaj tus kab mob, kev xaiv uas nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm pathological neoplasms.

Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yog them rau cov txheeb ze ntawm tus neeg mob vim tias muaj peev xwm kis tau tus kabmob. Nrog ib tug hereditary predisposition mus rau tus kab mob, ib tug genetic kuaj yog nqa tawm. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua qhov amniocentesis lossis chorionic biopsy los txiav txim qhov txawv txav hauv tus menyuam yug tshiab. Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus neeg tau ua tsis tu ncua, vim qee cov tsos mob yuav tshwm sim dhau sijhawm. Tus kws kho mob kos xim rauKev hloov pauv hauv kev kuaj ntshav hauv Recklinghausen tus kab mob, uas tuaj yeem qhia txog kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem pathological hauv lub cev. Ib qho kev xeem feem ntau raug sau tseg los kawm cov noob MLH1, MSH2, NF1, NF2, SPRED1.

neurofibromatosis mcb 10
neurofibromatosis mcb 10

Tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem xaj MRI thiab x-rays los txiav txim cov qog nqaij hlav hauv nruab nrog cev thiab pob txha.

Tsis tas li, tus kws kho mob sib txawv pathology nrog lwm hom neurofibromatosis, Proteus syndrome, Klippel-Weber syndrome, tshaj tawm lipomatosis thiab lwm yam. Tom qab kev tshuaj xyuas kom meej, kev kuaj mob zaum kawg tau tsim thiab npaj kho mob.

Kev kho mob

Tus kab mob no raug kho nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev kho mob tshwj xeeb lossis ib lub tsev kho mob tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau, kev kho mob neurofibromatosis suav nrog kev kho mob, vim tias tus kab mob no suav tias yog kho tsis tau. Kev kho mob yog tsom rau kev tshem tawm cov tsos mob ntawm pathology thiab kev hloov pauv hauv lub cev thiab lub cev.

Txoj kev kho tseem ceeb hauv qhov no yog kev phais tshem tawm cov neoplasms. Kev khiav hauj lwm raug sau rau cov qog loj uas ua rau lub cev, ua txhaum lawv txoj haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, Recklinghausen tus kab mob yuav tsum tau muaj kev phais mob kom tshem tawm cov teeb meem tshuaj pleev ib ce nyob rau hauv lub disfigurement ntawm tib neeg lub cev.

Kev phais yuav tsum tau rau cov qog loj, ntshav siab, scoliosis, hais lus, tsis pom kev thiab hnov lus, ntxov ntxov lossis lig puberty.

Kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua tau tsuas yog thaum muaj qee tus neoplasms. Hnub no hauv tshuaj mustxoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuaj tsom mus rau kev kho kom tiav rau tus kab mob no, tab sis tam sim no lawv tseem tsis tau siv. Ntau cov qog tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm. Thaum kuaj pom mob qog noj ntshav, neurofibromatosis tau kho nrog tshuaj kho mob, phais tshem tawm cov qog, thiab kho hluav taws xob. Cov kev xaiv kho mob yuav nyob ntawm seb hom mob qog noj ntshav.

neurofibromatosis hauv menyuam yaus
neurofibromatosis hauv menyuam yaus

Huab cua thiab tiv thaiv

Qhov kev cia siab rau cov kab mob no yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig, mob qog noj ntshav tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj. Tab sis nrog kev nthuav dav ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological, kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg muaj peev xwm txo qis, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis taus.

Txij li tus kab mob no yog caj ces, kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tsis tau tsim. Cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom cov niam txiv kuaj tus kab mob sai li sai tau. Hauv cov tshuaj, nws tau raug tsim los hais tias kwv yees li 60% ntawm cov neeg uas muaj cov kab mob no muaj qhov tshwm sim me me ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm cov hnub nyoog me me thiab ntau cov neoplasms ntawm daim tawv nqaij uas yuav tsum tau kho me ntsis. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj tus kab mob no tseem noj qab nyob zoo, tab sis yav tom ntej lawv tuaj yeem tsim teeb meem thiab qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau kuaj xyuas cov kab mob hauv lub sij hawm kom ua tau lub neej zoo siab rau tus menyuam.

Pom zoo: