Cholangitis: cov tsos mob, kev kho mob thiab qhov tshwm sim

Cov txheej txheem:

Cholangitis: cov tsos mob, kev kho mob thiab qhov tshwm sim
Cholangitis: cov tsos mob, kev kho mob thiab qhov tshwm sim

Video: Cholangitis: cov tsos mob, kev kho mob thiab qhov tshwm sim

Video: Cholangitis: cov tsos mob, kev kho mob thiab qhov tshwm sim
Video: How your digestive system works - Emma Bryce 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Nyob hauv kab lus no, peb yuav saib cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob cholangitis. Qhov no yog ib qho pathology, uas yog cov txheej txheem inflammatory nyob rau hauv lub biliary ib ntsuj av, uas feem ntau tsis yog tshwj xeeb, uas yog, nws yog feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm non-specific pathogens uas yuav provoke ib co lwm yam mob.

Kev piav qhia

Tus kab mob no suav hais tias muaj ntau heev thiab feem ntau nws nrog lwm yam kab mob hauv plab hnyuv. Cholangitis yog ib qho teeb meem gastroenterological, txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm qee yam teeb meem, nws yuav tsum tau siv txoj kev phais.

cholangitis cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
cholangitis cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

ducts feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog lawv qhov ntev - ob qho tib si hauv lub siab thiab cov kab loj sab nraud.

Tsis yog txhua tus paub cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob cholangitis.

Statistics

Tus kab mob no feem ntau kuaj pom hauv cov hnub nyoog laus - txij li 45 txog 60 xyoo, tab sis nyob rau hauvNyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, muaj ib qho kev nyiam ua kom rov zoo li no, thiab ntau thiab ntau tus neeg mob hnub nyoog 35-40 xyoo tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob nrog cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no. Feem ntau, cov poj niam ntawm cov hnub nyoog no raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov ducts.

Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob cholangitis hauv cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus yuav tham hauv qab no.

Cov ntaub ntawv cais tawm ntawm cov kab mob pathology muaj tsawg dua li kev sib xyaw ua ke. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias thaum kuaj pom tus kab mob no, lwm yam pathologies ntawm lub plab hnyuv yuav tsum tau kuaj, vim tias cov kab mob no yuav tsis tshwm sim rau lawv tus kheej lossis lawv cov tsos mob yuav ploj mus rau keeb kwm ntawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm cholangitis. Feem ntau, cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob biliary ua ke nrog cov mob hnyav lossis mob ntev ntawm cov kab mob hauv plab, xws li:

  1. mob plab.
  2. YDuodenitis.
  3. Cholecystitis.
  4. YGastroduodenitis.
  5. Hepatitis.
  6. YPancreatitis.
  7. YCholelithiasis.
  8. Kev mob ntawm papilla ntawm Vater (qhov chaw uas cov kua tsib nkag mus rau hauv duodenum).

Ua rau kab mob

Cov kab mob ua npaws hauv cov kab mob biliary feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm qee yam kab mob uas nkag mus rau hauv ntau txoj hauv kev. Cov kab mob ua rau tus kab mob no feem ntau yog kis kab mob hauv qab no:

  1. E. coli.
  2. Ntau hom staphylococcus.
  3. Protea.
  4. Ntau hom enterococci.
  5. Non-clostridial anaerobic infections.

BQee qhov xwm txheej, tus kab mob no tsis tuaj yeem ua raws li txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob, yog li ntawm no peb tab tom tham txog kev kis tus kab mob biliary nrog cov kab mob tshwj xeeb hauv qab no:

  1. Koch's Wand (Mycobacterium tuberculosis).
  2. Pale spirochete (syphilitic infection).
  3. Typhoid bacillus.
  4. cholangitis cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob nrog pej xeem tshuaj
    cholangitis cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob nrog pej xeem tshuaj

Ntau zaus, cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob cholangitis ntawm hom no, uas yog, provoked los ntawm cov kab mob tshwj xeeb, yuav tsis raug kuaj pom, vim tias lawv tau ploj mus tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob classical uas kis tau zoo. tus neeg sawv cev ua rau. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb ntawm sluggish thiab latent (pom) cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob biliary.

Kev sib tw

Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev los ntawm cov kab mob cab tau piav qhia hauv cov kab mob loj hauv qab no:

  1. Opisthorchiasis, uas yog qhov mob ntawm lub cev los ntawm opisthorchis flatworms, uas feem ntau nyob hauv cov ducts ntawm daim siab, nrog rau txiav txiav.
  2. Ascariasis, uas yog kab mob cab kab mob hauv qee qhov ntawm txoj hnyuv me.
  3. Giardiasis, tshwm sim los ntawm Giardia, ib leeg-celled kab mob uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov hnyuv me.
  4. Strongyloidosis - kev nkag mus ntawm kab mob khaub thuas los ntawm daim tawv nqaij mus rau hauv lumen ntawm txoj hlab pa, thiab los ntawm qhov ntawd mus rau hauv cov hnyuv.
  5. Clonorchiasis, uas yog qhov mob helminthic ntawm cov kab mob siabthiab pancreas.
  6. Fasciolosis, uas yog kev taw qhia ntawm helminths rau hauv lub lumen ntawm cov kua tsib ducts thiab pancreatic ducts.

Kev nkag mus rau kab mob

Feem ntau, tus neeg kis tus kab mob nkag mus rau hauv cov ducts hauv cov kab mob hauv qab no:

  1. Ntawm kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw.
  2. Hematogenous - los ntawm cov ntshav ntws los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub siab (portal vein).
  3. Lymphogenous txoj kev, uas yog, nrog cov kua dej ntws, feem ntau nrog cov kab mob inflammatory ntawm lub gallbladder, nrog rau cov txiav lossis cov hnyuv.

Ntxiv rau, qee tus neeg kis tus kab mob tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev txhim kho cov xwm txheej pathological no. Raws li txoj cai, nrog xws li qhov txhab, tsis tsuas yog lub ntsiab, tab sis kuj cov kua tsib me me hla hauv daim siab tuaj yeem koom nrog. Qhov no tau pom, piv txwv li, hauv kab mob siab.

Cov tsos mob ntawm cholangitis tshwm nyob ntawm hom kab mob.

kab mob

Nyob rau hauv yuav luag ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov chaw kho mob, tus kab mob ntawm tus kab mob cholangitis yog suav hais tias yog ib tug sib xyaw microflora, thaum muaj ob los yog ntau yam kab mob nyob rau hauv lub cev. Qee zaum, muaj cov kab mob sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob protozoa, kab mob thiab kab mob cab, thiab lwm yam.

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov mob ntawm cov ducts tuaj yeem txhim kho yam tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm qee yam kab mob. Tus kab mob no yog hu ua "aseptic cholangitis", uas txhais tau tias "sterile".

Daim ntawv no ntawm pathology hauvFeem ntau muaj qhov enzymatic, thaum cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo nquag pib ua rau cov phab ntsa ntawm cov kab mob biliary los ntawm sab hauv. Feem ntau, qhov no tau pom nrog pancreatobiliary reflux, nyob rau hauv uas tus txiav txiav txiav nkag mus rau hauv lub biliary ib ntsuj av, thiab qhov no yuav tsum tsis txhob nquag tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, cov tsos mob ntawm cholangitis tshwm sim. Thaum pib, cov txheej txheem inflammatory tshwm sim yam tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm cov kab mob sib kis, txawm li cas los xij, cov kab mob tuaj yeem koom nrog ntau theem ntawm tus kab mob.

Cov tsos mob cholangitis hauv menyuam yaus
Cov tsos mob cholangitis hauv menyuam yaus

Autoimmune cholangitis

Sclerosing cholangitis kuj yog ib hom kab mob no, thiab nws tshwm sim vim qhov mob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob autoimmune, thaum lub cev tsim cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau nws cov ntaub so ntswg.

Kev xav tias tus kab mob no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm autoimmune tshwm sim, raws li txoj cai, yog tias tus neeg mob muaj cov cim qhia sib npaug ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob xws li:

  1. Ulcerative colitis ntawm daim ntawv tsis tshwj xeeb, thaum tsim cov kab mob ntawm cov mucosa tshwm sim thoob plaws hauv txoj hnyuv loj.
  2. Crohn tus kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim cov granulomas thoob plaws hauv plab hnyuv.
  3. Vasculitis, uas ua rau mob thiab ua rau cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha puas.
  4. mob caj dab Rheumatoid, uas yog pathology ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas, nrog rau cov pob qij txha deformities.
  5. Thyroiditis yog ib qho txheej txheem inflammatory hauv cov thyroid caj pas.

Kev nkag musCov kab mob sib kis hauv cov kab mob biliary yog qee zaum kho tau los ntawm stagnation ntawm cov kua tsib - cholestasis, uas feem ntau pom hauv cov kab mob hauv qab no:

  1. Dyskinesia ntawm biliary ib ntsuj av, uas yog, ua txhaum ntawm lawv lub cev muaj zog.
  2. Congenital anomalies ntawm lub gallbladder ducts - txhua yam kinks thiab compression.
  3. Choledochocysts.
  4. -Cancer ntawm Bile ducts.
  5. Choledocholithiasis, uas yog txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov pob zeb hauv cov kua tsib.
  6. Stenosis, lossis nqaim, ntawm papilla ntawm Vater.

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm sclerosing cholangitis tej zaum yuav yog qee qhov kev puas tsuaj rau cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha thaum lub sij hawm endoscopic, uas suav nrog:

  1. Retrograde cholangiopancreatography, uas yog kev taw qhia ntawm tus neeg sawv cev sib txawv uas siv cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas rau hauv cov ducts.
  2. Stenting, uas yog, kev teeb tsa tshwj xeeb scaffolds uas tswj qhov zoo li qub ntawm cov kab mob biliary.
  3. Sphincterotomy, lossis kev txiav tawm, ntawm sphincter ntawm Oddi, thaum cov leeg ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm choledochus thiab cov kab mob pancreatic feem ntau koom nrog.
  4. Kev kho mob ntawm daim siab, piv txwv li tom qab cholecystectomy.

Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob cholangitis yog qhov txaus siab rau ntau tus.

Kawm ntawm tus kab mob thiab cov tsos mob

Raws li qhov kev hloov pauv tsis zoo tshwm sim hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm cov kab mob biliary, daim ntawv mob hnyav tau muab faib ua purulent, catarrhal, necrotic thiab diphtheric. Cov tsos mob ntawm cholangitis nyob ntawm nwsntau yam. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov npe ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb, uas suav nrog:

mob cholangitis cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
mob cholangitis cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
  1. Kub thiab hyperthermia
  2. mob plab.
  3. Kev mob siab.
  4. Dyspepsia.
  5. Jaundice.
  6. tawm hws ntau dhau.

Mob feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv txoj cai hypochondrium thiab tuaj yeem tawg mus rau caj npab, caj dab, thiab lwm yam.

Ib tus tsos mob ntawm tus mob cholangitis ntev yog Charcot's triad - mob me ntsis hauv txoj cai hypochondrium, ua daus no thiab ua npaws subfebrile, jaundice. Qhov xwm ntawm qhov mob feem ntau yog npub, mob, siv qis.

Ntau kub taub hau, nrog rau qhov txias me ntsis. Cov tsos mob raug tshem tawm, yog li thawj qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no tsis quav ntsej.

Ntau tom qab sib piv nrog cov tsos mob ntawm thawj qhov mob thiab dyspepsia, jaundice tshwm sim, uas yog yellowing ntawm daim tawv nqaij, sclera thiab mucous daim nyias nyias. Qhov no yog vim lub tsub zuj zuj ntawm cov kua tsib pigments. Yog hais tias cov chav kawm ntawm cholangitis yog complex, ces qee qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev nco qab thiab cov tsos mob ntawm kev poob siab ntxiv.

Cov tsos mob ntawm cholangitis hauv menyuam yaus

Kev tshwm sim ntawm tus mob cholangitis hauv cov menyuam yaus tsis tshua muaj. Feem ntau qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob streptococcal. Cov tsos mob hnyav, nrog kub taub hau thiab mob hnyav. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov cim qhia tuaj yeem ua rau lwm yam pathology ntawm lub plab zom mov. Cov neeg mob muaj cov tsos mob ntawm dyspepsia, pom nrog kev siv cov khoom noj uas muaj rog, hnyav heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev qaug zog, nce ntxivqaug zog thiab liab ntawm xib teg.

Kev nyuaj siab

Yog tias tus kab mob no kho tsis tau raws sijhawm, kev mob hnyav tuaj yeem tshwm sim, uas suav nrog:

  1. YCholecystopancreatitis.
  2. Cirrhosis ntawm daim siab.
  3. Hepatitis.
  4. Peritonitis.
  5. siab tsis zoo.
  6. Hepatic encephalopathy.
  7. Sepsis.
  8. Kev kis mob-tshuaj lom neeg poob siab.

Kev kho cov tsos mob ntawm cholangitis nrog cov txheej txheem ib txwm yuav tham tom qab.

Diagnosis

Raws li kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no, hauv kev kuaj mob cholangitis, raws li txoj cai, siv ntau yam kev tshawb fawb ntawm lub cev, ntsuas thiab ntsuas ntsuas.

Thaum kuaj tus neeg mob, daj ntawm daim tawv nqaij, qhov mob ntawm tus nplaig thiab daim tawv nqaij raug txiav txim siab. Cov ntaub ntawv tseem yuav yog kev tshawb fawb txog quav thiab zis. Cov quav ntawm tus neeg mob nrog cholangitis yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub teeb ntxoov ntxoo. Vim tias cov kua tsib nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, cov zis (cov yam ntxwv xim ntawm npias) tuaj yeem tsaus.

Ntawm palpation muaj mob hnyav nyob rau hauv txoj cai hypochondrium.

Kev siv cuab yeej siv los kuaj mob cholangitis suav nrog:

  1. Ultrasound thiab ultrasonography ntawm lub biliary ib ntsuj av, uas tso cai rau koj los soj ntsuam cov yam ntxwv ntawm sab nraud ntawm lub biliary ib ntsuj av, txiav txim seb lub xub ntiag ntawm cov yam ntxwv pathologies nyob rau hauv lawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nthuav, raws li zoo raws li mob nyob rau hauv lub siab.
  2. Computed tomography, uas yog siv los ntsuas tib yam tsis tau txiav txim los ntawm ultrasound, siv lub computer hlais.
  3. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography.
  4. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography.
  5. YPercutaneous transhepatic cholangiography.
  6. Duodenal suab.
  7. cholangitis cov tsos mob thiab kev kho neeg pej xeem
    cholangitis cov tsos mob thiab kev kho neeg pej xeem

Kev kuaj mob hauv chav kuaj:

  1. Tau suav suav.
  2. Biochemical daim siab kuaj.
  3. kab lis kev cai ntawm cov kua tsib.
  4. Fecal tsom xam.

Kev kuaj mob sib txawv ntawm tus kab mob no yog ua tiav, raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hauv muaj cov kab mob hauv qab no:

  1. YCholelithiasis.
  2. Pib mob siab mob siab.
  3. Acalculous cholecystitis.
  4. Empyema ntawm txoj cai pleura.
  5. mob ntsws sab xis.

Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob cholangitis muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo.

Kev kho mob

cholangitis feem ntau yog kho kom zoo lossis phais. Kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev kho mob feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov ua rau ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm pathology, nws cov degree thiab cov teeb meem.

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho tus kab mob no yog tshem tawm kev qaug cawv thiab o thiab decompression ntawm biliary ib ntsuj av.

Cov tsos mob ntawm sclerosing cholangitis
Cov tsos mob ntawm sclerosing cholangitis

Kev kho mob ib txwm ua raws li cov haujlwm hauv qab no:

  1. puag so.
  2. Starvation ua raws li kev noj zaub mov nruj.
  3. Tshuaj uas muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov kab mob ua rau muaj kab mob - tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab lwm yam.
  4. Anti-inflammatorytshuaj.
  5. Anspasmodics uas siv rau qhov mob hnyav.
  6. Kev kho mob siv tshuaj tua kab mob.
  7. Hepatoprotectors los tiv thaiv daim siab hlwb los ntawm kev puas tsuaj uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim cov kua tsib nyob hauv cov ducts.
  8. Rau qhov mob hnyav, plasmapheresis yog siv.

Yog tias tsim nyog, kev kho phais yog siv, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem kuj suav nrog kev siv ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm kev phais.

Peb npog cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm cholangitis.

Kev kho mob nrog pej xeem tshuaj

Nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej, muaj ntau cov nroj tsuag tshuaj uas pab nrog cov kab mob ntawm daim siab, gallbladder thiab biliary ib ntsuj av. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau lub sijhawm mob hnyav, kev kho mob yuav tsum tsis txhob ua.

Cov tsos mob cholangitis ntev
Cov tsos mob cholangitis ntev
  • Cholagogue collection. Hauv qhov sib npaug, koj yuav tsum noj tshuaj ntsuab ntawm knotweed, yarrow thiab calendula paj. Tom qab ntawd 2 tablespoons ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv yog brewed nrog boiling dej (500 ml) thiab infused rau ib teev. Cov infusion yog lim thiab haus ib nrab khob 3 zaug ib hnub twg ib nrab teev ua ntej noj mov. Hoob no kav 30 hnub.
  • Daim ntawv qhia yuav pab rov qab cov kua tsib thiab txhim kho cov kua tsib. Cov khoom muaj xws li sib npaug ntawm chamomile, xuab zeb immortelle thiab pob kws stigmas. 2 tbsp. l. ncuav 500 ml ntawm boiling dej tshaj qhov sib tov thiab kub nyob rau hauv ib da dej rau 30 feeb, ces tawm mus infuse rau ib teev. Noj ib nrab khob es tsis txhob haus tshuaj yej.
  • Recipe for tub nkeeg. Peppermint zib mu sib tov yog zoo heev thiab tsis xav tau txhua hnubua noj. Qhuav crushed peppermint nplooj thiab paj zib mu yog tov nyob rau hauv sib npaug zos qhov chaw. Cov tshuaj yog noj ob zaug ib hnub twg rau 1 tsp, ntxuav nrog sov tshuaj yej. Mint tuaj yeem ua kom cov kua tsib tso tawm los ntawm 10 npaug.

Yog li, hauv tsab xov xwm peb saib cov tsos mob thiab kev kho tus mob cholangitis.

Pom zoo: