Kab mob ntsws Interstitial: piav qhia, ua rau, tsos mob, kuaj mob, faib thiab kho

Cov txheej txheem:

Kab mob ntsws Interstitial: piav qhia, ua rau, tsos mob, kuaj mob, faib thiab kho
Kab mob ntsws Interstitial: piav qhia, ua rau, tsos mob, kuaj mob, faib thiab kho

Video: Kab mob ntsws Interstitial: piav qhia, ua rau, tsos mob, kuaj mob, faib thiab kho

Video: Kab mob ntsws Interstitial: piav qhia, ua rau, tsos mob, kuaj mob, faib thiab kho
Video: Yog av tsis lim yeej nco rawv xwb by Dawb Yaj Nkauj tawm tshiab 2023 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Cov kab mob ntsws interstitial yog dab tsi? Kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob no, lawv cov tsos mob thiab kev faib tawm yuav raug piav qhia hauv qab no.

kab mob ntsws interstitial
kab mob ntsws interstitial

Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb

Tus kab mob ntsws Interstitial yog tag nrho cov kab mob ntev ntawm lub ntsws cov ntaub so ntswg, uas tau tshwm sim los ntawm o, nrog rau kev ua txhaum ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha endothelium, alveolar perivasal phab ntsa thiab cov ntaub so ntswg perilymphatic. Ib tug yam ntxwv cim ntawm xws li ib tug pathological mob yog ua tsis taus pa luv. Cov tsos mob no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub ntsws tsis ua haujlwm.

kab mob ntsws Interstitial feem ntau ua rau pulmonary fibrosis. Hauv kev xyaum kho mob niaj hnub no, lo lus no tsis yog siv los ua cov lus sib txuas rau ILD, tab sis qee zaum siv rau qhov kev nkag siab no.

Kev faib tawm

Cov kab mob ntsws interstitial txawv li cas? Kev faib tawm ntawm cov kab mob no tshwm sim raws li lub hauv paus etiological:

  • Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, rau tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj rau kev uaTshuaj kho mob.
  • nqus tau ntau yam khoom los ntawm ib puag ncig (inorganic thiab organic tshuaj, silicosis, berylliosis, asbestosis, allergic exogenous alveolitis lossis hypersensitivity pneumonitis).
  • Cov kab mob sib kis kab mob (rheumatoid mob caj dab, scleroderma, kab mob lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis).
  • Idiopathic (histiocytosis X, sarcoidosis, alveolar proteinosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, idiopathic interstitial alveolitis, nrog rau mob interstitial alveolitis).
  • Kab mob (pneumocystis pneumonia, atypical pneumonia, tuberculosis).
  • Cov kab mob sib kis hauv lub ntsws (nrog rau kab mob siab: biliary thawj cirrhosis, active kab mob siab ntev; nrog pulmonary vasculitis: lymphomatoid granulomatosis, Wegener's granulomatosis, hypersensitivity vasculitis, necrotizing systemic vasculitis; nrog kab mob graft).
  • malignant qog (lymphangitis carcinomatosis).
Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus kab mob ntsws interstitial
Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus kab mob ntsws interstitial

ISL yog dab tsi?

Raws li tau hais los saum no, kab mob ntsws interstitial yog ib lub npe dav dav rau ib pawg kab mob ua pa. Lawv koom ua ke los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lawv txhua tus cuam tshuam rau interstitium, uas yog, ib feem ntawm lub ntsws.

Cov ntaub so ntswg interstitial hu ua cov ntaub so ntswg txuas ntawm lub ntsws. Nws muab kev txhawb nqa rau lub hnab ntim huab cua thiab alveoli hauv lub ntsws.

Cov hlab ntsha uas dhau los ntawm interstitium ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib pauv roj ntawmhuab cua nyob rau hauv lub ntsws thiab cov ntshav. Cov ntaub so ntswg interstitial yog li nyias uas nws tsis pom ntawm x-ray lossis CT scan. Tab sis txawm li cas los xij, nws tus kab mob tseem tuaj yeem tshawb pom hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb no.

Cov lus pom zoo ntawm kab mob ntsws interstitial
Cov lus pom zoo ntawm kab mob ntsws interstitial

Txhua yam kab mob ntawm lub ntsws ua rau nws tuab. Xws li ib tug pathological mob yuav tshwm sim vim o, o los yog caws pliav. Qee hom kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov nqaij nruab deg daws sai sai, thaum lwm tus yog kho tsis tau lossis mob ntev.

Kev txhim kho kab mob

Vim li cas tus kab mob ntsws interstitial tshwm sim (cov lus pom zoo los ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav muab hauv qab no)? Muaj ntau ntau yam sib txawv rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob ntsws. Piv txwv li, interstitial pneumonia yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob, kab mob, los yog fungus. Kev loj hlob ntawm lwm yam kab mob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua pa tsis tu ncua xws li asbestos, talc, quartz plua plav, hlau plua plav, thee lossis nplej. Tsis tshua muaj, cov kab mob ntsws hauv cov pab pawg no raug tsim vim raug cov tshuaj yeeb tshuaj.

kev kho mob ntsws interstitial
kev kho mob ntsws interstitial

Ib yam ntawm ILD yog tias tag nrho cov saum toj no ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm qee yam kab mob. Feem ntau, lawv cov laj thawj tseem tsis paub.

Cov tsos mob

Diffuse interstitial ntsws kab mob yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm o ntawm lub ntsws cov ntaub so ntswg thiab nws cov kev puas tsuaj tom qab. Xws li pathologicalcov xwm txheej yog nrog los ntawm kev ua pa luv. Qhov no yog cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm ILD. Thaum xub thawj, ua tsis taus pa tsis tshua pom, tab sis sai li sai tau thaum tus neeg mob ua kis las lossis tsuas yog nce ntaiv, nws ua rau nws xav tau tam sim ntawd.

Nws tseem yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias ILD yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm hnoos qhuav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg mob pom zoo poob phaus. Lawv tsim kev sib koom tes thiab mob leeg, qaug zog. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv siab heev, ib tug neeg cov rau tes nthuav dav txawv txav, thiab daim di ncauj thiab daim tawv nqaij ua xiav. Xws li cov xwm txheej pathological cuam tshuam nrog qis qis hauv cov ntshav.

Kev kuaj mob ntawm lub ntsws interstitial

Cov kab mob hauv nqe lus nug kuaj tau li cas? Feem ntau, cov neeg uas muaj ILD yws rau pulmonologist txog kev hnoos thiab ua tsis taus pa. Txhawm rau kuaj xyuas kom raug, tus kws kho mob feem ntau siv cov kev kuaj mob ntsws hauv qab no:

  • xam tomography. Ua tsaug rau txoj kev no, nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau ib daim duab tiav ntawm lub ntsws, nrog rau tag nrho cov qauv uas nyob ib sab ntawm lawv. ILD yooj yim los kuaj xyuas ntawm CT.
  • X-ray. Xws li kev kuaj mob hauv siab feem ntau yog ua los ntsuas qhov dav dav ntawm lub ntsws. Qhov cuam tshuam interstitium zoo li cov kab nyias nyias ntawm x-ray.
kev kho mob cov txheej txheem interstitial mob ntsws
kev kho mob cov txheej txheem interstitial mob ntsws
  • High daws teeb meem CT. Kev teeb tsa raug ntawm tus tomograph, nrog rau kev paub dhau los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev kuaj mob ILD.
  • Lung biopsy thiab kuaj cov qauv hauv qab lub tshuab ntsuas. Feem ntau, qhov no yog tib txoj hauv kev los txiav txim seb hom kev puas tsuaj rau lub ntsws. Nws tuaj yeem coj mus kuajnrog video-pab phais thoracoscopic, bronchoscopy, lossis thoractomy.

Nws tseem yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias qee tus kws tshaj lij ua cov kev sim tshwj xeeb los ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua pa sab nraud, suav nrog spirometry, lub cev plethysmography thiab lwm yam.

Kev kho mob thiab cov txheej txheem kho mob

Cov kab mob ntsws Interstitial yog cov kab mob loj heev uas yuav tsum tau kho tam sim. Txoj kev kho mob rau cov kab mob no yuav tsum tau xaiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob pulmonologist nkaus xwb, nyob ntawm qhov ua rau ntawm lawv txoj kev loj hlob thiab hom kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg.

Kev faib cov kab mob ntsws interstitial
Kev faib cov kab mob ntsws interstitial

Kev kho mob tshaj plaws rau ILD yog tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov kev kho mob zoo li no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ntau hom kab mob ntsws interstitial pneumonia.

Raws li kab mob ntsws, raws li txoj cai, nws ploj mus ntawm nws tus kheej. Nws tsis tas yuav kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias xws li ib tug tsis tshua muaj kab mob xws li fungal pneumonia yog tshem tawm nrog tshwj xeeb tshuaj tua kab mob.

Lwm hom tshuaj siv los kho ILD yog corticosteroids. Cov tshuaj no tshem tawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub ntsws, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Los ntawm txoj kev, lwm txoj kev siv los kho tus kab mob hauv nqe lus nug tsuas tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsws puas tsuaj, nrog rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Lawv kuj feem ntau txwv ib tus neeg lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom txo tau qhov mob, uas ua rau lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv.

Tus neeg muaj qiscov ntsiab lus oxygen hauv cov ntshav, cov kws tshaj lij qhia kom nqus pa oxygen los ntawm cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb. Cov txheej txheem zoo li no yuav pab txhim kho qhov kev mob ntawm tus neeg mob, nrog rau kev ua kom cov leeg mob siab rau O2.

Nws tseem yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qee zaum, cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom lawv cov neeg mob hloov lub ntsws. Feem ntau qhov no yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kho tus kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum mob hnyav thiab mob hnyav.

diffuse kab mob ntsws interstitial
diffuse kab mob ntsws interstitial

Huab cua

Qee tus neeg mob ILD mob plawv thiab ntshav siab hauv ntsws. Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev rov zoo ntawm tus neeg mob los yog ua rau cov kab mob hnyav zuj zus nyob ntawm qhov ua rau lawv txoj kev loj hlob, qhov hnyav thiab lub sij hawm ntawm kev kuaj mob. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis muaj ib tug tsis zoo prognosis.

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