Tshuaj cov tshuaj hormones yog tib neeg cov tshuaj neurohormones uas tsim cov nuclei ntawm hypothalamus. Lawv inhibit (statins) lossis txhawb (liberins) tsim cov tshuaj hormones tropic pituitary. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog endocrine yog qhib, thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm lawv qhov tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj hormones tshwm sim. Qhov siab dua ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb thiab cov kab mob endocrine nyob ze vim yog tso cov tshuaj hormones.
Hypothalamus ua haujlwm
Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob endocrine lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones yog hypothalamus. Cov khoom tsim los ntawm hypothalamus yog cov tshuaj hormones koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem metabolic ntawm lub cev.
Nyob rau hauv lub hypothalamus muaj cov paj hlwb uas tsim cov khoom tsim nyog uas xav tau los ntawm lub cev kom ua haujlwm zoo. Cov hlwb no hu ua neurosecretory. Lawv txoj hauj lwm yog kom tau txais impulses uas xa mus rau qhov sib txawv ntawm lub paj hlwb. Kev xaiv cov ntsiab lus tshwm sim los ntawm axovasal synapses.
Hypothalamus-tsim tawm cov tshuaj hormoneslos yog, raws li lawv raug hu ua lwm txoj kev, statins thiab liberins, yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub caj pas pituitary. Los ntawm lawv cov tshuaj, lawv yog peptides. Ua tsaug rau cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab paj hlwb impulses, lawv yog synthesized, lawv thauj mus rau pituitary caj pas los ntawm cov ntshav los ntawm lub hypothalamic-pituitary system.
YKev faib cov tshuaj hormones
Cia peb xav txog qhov tso tawm cov tshuaj hormones nrov tshaj plaws:
- inhibiting secretory function ntawm pituitary caj pas - peb tab tom tham txog somatostatin, melanostatin, prolactostatin.
- Txhawb nqa - peb tab tom tham txog melanoliberin, prolactoliberin, folliberin, luliberin, somatoliberin, thyroliberin, gonadoliberin thiab corticoliberin.
Cov tshuaj uas tau teev tseg, lossis qee yam ntawm lawv, tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm lwm yam kabmob, tsis yog hypothalamus nkaus xwb (piv txwv li, pancreas).
statins thiab liberins
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub caj pas pituitary ncaj qha nyob ntawm lawv. Lawv kuj cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog endocrine peripheral:
- thyroid;
- ovaries hauv cov ntxhais;
- txiv neej testicles.
Statins thiab liberins uas paub zoo tshaj plaws:
- dopamine;
- gonadoliberin (luliberin, folliberin);
- melonostatin;
- Ysomatostatin;
- Ythyreoliberin.
Secretion ntawm luteinizing thiab follicle-stimulating hormones los ntawm pituitary caj pas yog muab los ntawm gonadoliberins.
Gonadoliberins tseem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm androgens hauv cov txiv neej, pab txhawb kev nce hauv kev ua siCov phev suav thiab qib libido.
Thiab hauv cov poj niam, cov tshuaj neurohormones yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev coj khaub ncaws, thiab cov tshuaj hormones txawv nyob ntawm theem ntawm lub voj voog.
Kev tsim tawm tsis txaus ntawm cov tshuaj hormones feem ntau ua rau muaj menyuam tsis taus thiab impotence.
YTus yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj hormones
Cov tshuaj hormone corticoliberin, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev xav ntawm kev ntxhov siab, yog tsim los ntawm hypothalamus. Qhov no yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb tso tawm uas ua ke nrog cov tshuaj hormones pituitary thiab cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog adrenal. Cov neeg uas tsis muaj cov tshuaj no feem ntau raug kev kub ntxhov thiab adrenal insufficiency.
Gonadoliberin - ib yam tshuaj uas txhim kho kev tsim cov gonadotropins - kuj yog cov khoom ntawm hypothalamus. Nws tseem hu ua gonadotropin-tso tshuaj hormone.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw mos ua haujlwm tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj GnRH. Nws yog cov tshuaj hormones no uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau lub cev ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws hauv cov poj niam. Nrog nws kev koom tes, cov txheej txheem ntawm maturation thiab tso tawm ntawm lub qe yuav siv qhov chaw. Cov tshuaj no yog lub luag haujlwm rau libido (kev sib deev tsav). Nrog kev tsim cov tshuaj no tsis txaus los ntawm hypothalamus, cov poj niam feem ntau tsim kev xeeb tub. Puas muaj lwm cov tshuaj hormones tso tawm?
YSomatoliberin
Tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum yau thiab hluas. Nws cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb yog normalization ntawm cov txheej txheem loj hlob ntawm lub cev thiab lub cev. Los ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob nyob ntawm tag nrho txoj kev loj hlob thiab tsim ntawm tus me nyuam. Kev tsim cov tshuaj no tsis txaus los ntawm hypothalamus tuaj yeem ua rau dwarfism(dwarfism).
YProlactoliberin
Nws cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws thaum lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub thiab tag nrho lub sijhawm pub mis rau tus menyuam los ntawm leej niam. Qhov kev tso tawm no normalizes kev tsim cov prolactin, uas tsim cov ducts ntawm cov qog mammary.
YProlactostatin
Prolactostatin yog ib pawg ntawm cov statins uas tsim los ntawm hypothalamus thiab yog lub luag haujlwm rau inhibiting prolactin.
Prolactostatins suav nrog:
dopamine;
somatostatin;
· Melanostatin.
Lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau txo qis cov tshuaj hormones tropic ntawm pituitary thiab hypothalamus.
Melanotropin-tso tshuaj hormone
Melanoliberin cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem ntawm melanin tsim thiab faib cov xim hlwb. Nws kuj cuam tshuam cov ntsiab lus ntawm PRD ntawm lub qog pituitary.
Influences human neurophysiological cwj pwm. Nws yog siv los txo kev nyuaj siab thiab kho tus mob parkinsonism.
YThyrotropin-tso tshuaj hormone (TRH)
Thyrotropin-tso cov tshuaj hormones ntawm hypothalamus kuj suav nrog thyroliberin. Nws txhawb kev tsim cov thyroid-stimulating cov tshuaj hormones los ntawm adenohypophysis.
me ntsis cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov prolactin. Thyroliberin muab kev nce hauv cov concentration ntawm thyroxine hauv cov ntshav.
CNS muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones. Cov hlwb neurosecretory ntawm txoj cai tswj hwm yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim cov neurohormones.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm liberins
Cov no yog tso cov tshuaj hormoneshypothalamus. Ua cov haujlwm tswj hwm. Gonadoliberins normalizes kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib deev ntawm poj niam thiab txiv neej.
Lawv muaj lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones follicle-stimulating thiab cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov noob qes thiab zes qe menyuam.
Cov khoom xws li luliberin muaj kev sib cais ntawm ovulation, tsim muaj peev xwm xeeb tub.
Hauv cov poj niam uas tsis quav ntsej txog lub neej zoo, luliberin thiab folliberin yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom tsis txaus.
Tseem tseem tso tawm yam cuam tshuam rau nruab nrab lobe ntawm hypothalamus, tab sis lawv cov kev sib txuas nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm pituitary thiab adenohypophysis tsis tau kawm.
Cov tshuaj hormones tso tawm agonists: tshuaj
Raws li twb tau sau tseg lawm, cov tshuaj no yog tsim los ntawm hypothalamus. Thaum nws yuav tsum tau ua kom lub zes qe menyuam, piv txwv li, ua ntej IVF txheej txheem, agonists lossis analogues ntawm kev tso cov tshuaj hormones raug siv. Qhov ntawd yog, lawv muaj tib yam cuam tshuam rau lub cev raws li lawv tus kheej cov tshuaj hormones.
Tab sis qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo los ntawm poj niam lub cev yog siab. Qhov no yog vim qhov txo qis hauv cov tshuaj estrogen. Feem ntau tshwm sim muaj xws li:
- mob taub hau;
- tawm hws ntau dhau;
- tides;
- qhov chaw mos qhuav;
- xeev kev nyuaj siab.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg;
Cov tshuaj hauv qab no yog siv:
- "Diphereline" yog ib qho khoom siv dag zog decapeptide, ib qho analogue ntawm lub ntuj tso tshuaj hormone.
- "Decapeptyl" muaj triptorelin,Artificial analogue ntawm GnRH. Lub neej ib nrab yog ntev dua. Feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim insemination.
- "Lukrin-depot" - leuprorelin. Nws muaj antiestrogenic, antiandrogenic teebmeem, kho endometriosis, hormone-dependent qog - prostate cancer, uterine fibroids. "Lukrin-depot" txo cov concentration ntawm testosterone hauv cov txiv neej, estradiol hauv cov poj niam, ntxiv rau, nws inhibits qhov incretion ntawm FSH thiab LH los ntawm pituitary caj pas.
- Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj maj mam rov ua kom lub cev tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj hormones.
- "Zoladex" yog ib qho hluavtaws analogue ntawm lub ntuj tso tshuaj hormone (LH). Feem ntau siv hauv IVF. Txo cov concentration ntawm estradiol nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, qhov no yog vim lub inhibition ntawm LH secretion ntawm lub anterior pituitary caj pas.
Peb tau txiav txim siab tso cov tshuaj hormone agonists.
Cov neeg tawm tsam
Vim tias estradiol nce siab heev thaum noj HRT agonists, qhov nce ntawm luteinizing hormone tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Qhov no ua rau ovulation ntxov ntxov thiab qe tuag. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no, tso cov tshuaj hormone antagonists tau siv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm lawv qhov kev ua, lub caj pas pituitary tuaj yeem rov ua dua. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome tsis tshwm sim nws tus kheej, thiab qhov tseeb nws feem ntau tshwm sim vim kev siv ntev ntawm GnRh agonists. Tswj tsib hnub tom qab pib FSH.
Yuav kom txoj kev kho kom tiav, tag nrho cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm tus kws kho mob nkaus xwb.
