Cinchona tsob ntoo: piav qhia, daim ntawv thov, tshuaj xyuas, cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig, contraindications

Cov txheej txheem:

Cinchona tsob ntoo: piav qhia, daim ntawv thov, tshuaj xyuas, cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig, contraindications
Cinchona tsob ntoo: piav qhia, daim ntawv thov, tshuaj xyuas, cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig, contraindications

Video: Cinchona tsob ntoo: piav qhia, daim ntawv thov, tshuaj xyuas, cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig, contraindications

Video: Cinchona tsob ntoo: piav qhia, daim ntawv thov, tshuaj xyuas, cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig, contraindications
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Anonim

tsob ntoo zoo nkauj no los ntawm toj siab ntawm South America. Lub sijhawm dhau mus, nws tau coj mus rau lwm qhov hauv ntiaj teb. Cinchona ntoo yog zus nyob rau hauv lub tropics. Muaj ib qho version uas cov nroj tsuag tau txais nws lub npe nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm tus poj niam ntawm Viceroy ntawm Peru, Lub Tuam Txhab ntawm Chinchon, tom qab nws kho tau tus kab mob npaws (xws li malaria) nrog cinchona bark xyoo 1638.

ntoo cinchona
ntoo cinchona

Nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso cinchona nyiam hav zoov tuab. Xav tau cov av noo thiab moist.

keeb kwm me ntsis

Tsis ntev los no, ib qho ntawm cov kab mob txaus ntshai tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb tau suav tias yog malaria, uas tau thov ntau txhiab tus neeg nyob hauv ib xyoos. Hauv cov tebchaws uas muaj huab cua sov thiab huab cua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj kev kub ntxhov. Txij li thaum ancient sij hawm, pej xeem kho neeg ntseeg hais tias qhov ua rau ntawm tus kab mob no txaus ntshai nyob rau hauv cov pa hnyav hnyav nce los ntawm swamps. Li no nws lub npe (malare - "phem huab cua").

Tsis tseg malaria thiab America. Tab sis cov neeg hauv zos hauv zos tau kawm kho qhov kev ua phem nokab mob. Lawv ua tshuaj los ntawm cov tawv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo tropical. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov neeg ib txwm txaus siab rau lub bark no, raws li tau txiav txim los ntawm lub npe - nws yog respectfully hu ua "kina-kina", uas txhais tau tias "lub ntsiab bark".

Thaum cov neeg nyob sab Europe paub Amelikas, lawv kawm paub tias muaj kev kho mob malaria. Tab sis cov neeg hauv zos tsis maj nrawm los qhia qhov zais cia ntawm "kina-kina", lawv khaws tsob ntoo no (quinine) zais cia los ntawm cov neeg tsis paub. Nws siv ntau xyoo los txiav txim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.

Malaria tshuaj tuaj txog hauv Europe

Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th, hauv Spanish thaj tsam ntawm Peru, txoj haujlwm ntawm Viceroy tau nyob los ntawm Luis Cinjon. Nws ua nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws los pab cov neeg European nthuav tawm cov lus zais ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Xyoo 1638, nws tus poj niam Anna Tsinghon (Chinchon) tau mob ua npaws (raws li malaria feem ntau hu ua nyob rau hauv cov hnub). Thiab ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb tau tshwm sim: nws tau kho nrog cov tawv ntoo ntawm qee tsob ntoo tsis paub.

Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, Luis Cinjon kuj poob mob. Kev mob nkeeg yuam nws tuaj rau Spain hauv 1641. Nrog nws, nws coj ib pawg kho mob bark "kina-kina". Tab sis lub sijhawm ntawd, cov kws kho mob nyob sab Europe tsis tuaj yeem ua cov tshuaj zoo tawm ntawm nws. Kev thuam ntawm txoj hmoo: Tsinkhon yog thawj tus coj kev kho mob malaria zoo rau Tebchaws Europe, uas nws tus kheej tuag.

cinchona officinalis
cinchona officinalis

Tom qab ntawd, cov neeg nyob sab Europe tau tswj kom tau txais cov tawv tawv zoo los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv txhua hom kev sib txawv - ncaj ncees, thiab feem ntau tsis ncaj ncees - thiab coj mus rau lawv lub tebchaws. Thaum kawg, txoj kev kho tau tshwm sim hauv Tebchaws Europe. Kev vam meej tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho mob malaria kws kho mob Talbor (Britain). Nws kho nwsmob ntau tus neeg mob. Ntawm nws cov neeg mob ua tsaug yog Fab Kis Vaj Ntxwv Louis XIV.

Raws li nws tau muab tawm, thev naus laus zis rau kev npaj tus neeg sawv cev kho tau ua kom yooj yim xav tsis thoob, zoo li txhua yam kev txawj ntse. Lub bark yog crushed nyob rau hauv ib tug nplua hmoov thiab ncuav nrog wine. Qhov tshwm sim yog ib qho incredibly iab tincture. Los ntawm haiv neeg lub npe, lawv pib hu nws "khina". Tsob ntoo los ntawm qhov no bark tau, raws li, ua cinchona. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, tus naas ej Lavxias teb sab kws tshawb fawb F. I. Giese tau pom tias alkaloid muaj nyob rau hauv nws muab cov khoom kho rau cov tawv ntoo. Nws hu ua quinine.

Europeans ntsib teeb meem loj sim nrhiav cinchona (tshuaj kho mob) hauv hav zoov. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias muaj kev tsis txaus siab ntawm cov neeg hauv zos los pab lawv, nws cov lus zais tau daws. Raws li nws tau muab tawm, ntau hom ntoo ntawm tsev neeg madder (Rubiaceae) muaj cov tawv ntoo zoo. Lawv tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub genus, thiab Carl Linnaeus tau muab nws lub npe Cinchona. Feem ntau siv los ua tshuaj ntsuab yog tsob ntoo liab-bark cinchona. Cov extract los ntawm cov nroj tsuag no tseem nrov niaj hnub no. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si tshuaj thiab pej xeem tshuaj. Tab sis peb yuav tham txog qhov no me ntsis tom qab.

Cinchona: piav qhia

Nov yog tsob ntoo ntsuab uas nyob ntawm tsev neeg madder. Nws muaj lub pob tw ncaj ncaj, qhov siab uas ncav cuag nees nkaum meters. Nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso, qhov no yog ib tug muaj zog nroj tsuag nrog ib tug tuab spherical crown. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub cev yog hais txog ib 'meter'. Lub cev yog them nrog ib tug brownish-grey bark, thaum hluas twigsmuaj xim liab.

Nyob

Ovate, dav elliptical, thiab qee zaum yuav luag puag ncig, nplooj ncav cuag qhov ntev ntawm tsib caug centimeters. Lawv pleev xim rau ntsuab ntsuab, raws li txoj cai, ci, tawv, pubescent raws cov leeg. Petioles txog tsib centimeters ntev. Cov nplooj me uas nyuam qhuav nthuav tawm los ntawm buds yog pleev xim rau xim liab, yog li tsob ntoo cinchona pom meej hauv hav zoov. Tej zaum qhov no, ua ke nrog lub suab liab ntawm cov ceg hluas, cuam tshuam lub npe tshwj xeeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

cinchona piav qhia
cinchona piav qhia

paj

Cinchona tsob ntoo, daim duab uas koj pom hauv peb tsab xov xwm, muaj paj zoo nkauj sau rau hauv cov kaus. Lawv tsim dav-pyramidal paniculate, loj inflorescences. Txhua lub paj muaj tsib-toothed ntsuab pubescent calyx uas tseem nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lub paj liab corolla yog pubescent nrog lub raj ntev thiab tsib limb lobes. Nws muaj tsib stamens. Lub pistil yog densely pubescent nyob rau hauv qis dua, nrog bifid stigma thiab cov ntawv sau. Stamens tuaj yeem muaj qhov ntev sib txawv. Hauv botany, qhov tshwm sim no hu ua heterostyly. Qhov no yog vim kev yoog ntawm cov nroj tsuag kom ua tau zoo hla-pollination.

cinchona khoom
cinchona khoom

Fruits

Lawv yog oblong-cell lub thawv txog li peb centimeters ntev, taw rau ob qho kawg, xim av-xim av xim. Txhua lub zes loj hlob mus txog nees nkaum-tsib noob. Cov noob yog wrinkled thiab tiaj tus, lub teeb xim av, thiab yog surrounded los ntawm ib tug dav, nkig, nyias membranous tis.

Neeg puas tsuaj

Peb twb tau hais tias qhov chaw yug ntawm cov nroj tsuag no yog thaj chaw sov ntawm South America. Thaum tib neeg txaus siab rau tsob ntoo cinchona (cov khoom tshwj xeeb), kev puas tsuaj ntawm hom no pib ntawm qhov loj loj. Cov ntaub ntawv nyoos tau muab sau ua ib txoj kev tsis ncaj ncees.

Tsis zoo li cov neeg txawv teb chaws, uas tau ceev faj txog cov nroj tsuag muaj txiaj ntsig, cov neeg European tau siv cov qoob loo kom nquag plias kom tsob ntoo cinchona nyob rau ntawm qhov kev puas tsuaj hauv lawv lub tebchaws. Tsob ntoo raug txiav mercilessly, stripped ntawm lawv cov tawv ntoo. Hmoov zoo, twb nyob rau lub sij hawm ntawd muaj cov neeg txawj ntse uas pib cog cinchona ntawm cog. Tab sis keeb kwm txaus, cia peb mus rau qhov teeb meem siv tau ntau dua.

cinchona daim ntawv thov
cinchona daim ntawv thov

Cinchona: daim ntawv thov

Cov khoom tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov tshuaj yog nws cov tawv ntoo. Nws muaj 18% alkaloids, suav nrog:

  • quinidine;
  • quinine;
  • cinchonidine;
  • cinchonin thiab lwm yam

Lub ntsiab alkaloid yog quinine, cinchona bark muaj txog li 7.5% ntawm cov tshuaj no. Nws muaj cov nyhuv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kab mob malaria - nws cuam tshuam rau lawv cov plasmodia, uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm tus neeg mob. Ntau yam kev npaj tshuaj los ntawm cov tawv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo cinchona (qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog cov tshuaj quinine ntsev rau kev txhaj tshuaj) tau hloov pauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam tus kab mob loj tshaj plaws - malaria.

UK cov kws kho mob yuam cov tub rog uas ua haujlwm hauv Is Nrias teb thiab lwm thaj chaw uas muaj kab mob npaws feem ntau haus dej haus tonic (quinine dej), uas muaj, zoo litag nrho cov kev npaj los ntawm cinchona, incredibly iab saj. Yog li ntawd cov tub rog yuav tsis kam coj qhov tsis kaj siab no, tab sis yuav tsum tau kho, me ntsis gin tau ntxiv rau nws. Qhov no yog li cas cov kev cai, niaj hnub no nyob rau sab hnub poob, tshwm sim thiab tom qab ntawd coj hauv paus - ua ntej noj hmo, haus cawv thiab gin thiab tonic.

liab cinchona extract
liab cinchona extract

Tsev tshuaj siv

Quinine thiab tag nrho cov dej haus uas muaj nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg txoj hnyuv tag nrho (raws li ntuj iab, lawv txhim kho qab los noj mov, normalize lub zais zis ntawm lub plab). Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, txawv teb chaws-ua quinine, ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tov (sterile) - dihydrochloride, yog siv los kho cov neeg mob malaria. Nws yog muag hauv ampoules rau kev txhaj tshuaj.

Qhov thib ob alkaloid - quinidine - kuj pom daim ntawv thov hauv tshuaj. Qhov no yog ib qho stereoisomer ntawm quinine, uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov tawv ntoo nyob rau hauv loj loj. Hauv peb lub tebchaws, quinidine sulfate hmoov tau pom zoo siv. Nws raug pom zoo siv rau hauv arrhythmia, extrasystole, tachycardia. Cinchona bark txhim kho kev zom zaub mov, muaj antipyretic, astringent, antimicrobial nyhuv. Nws raug sau tseg rau qhov tsis qab los noj mov, asthenia, plab zom mov, haus dej cawv, catarrh ntawm txoj hlab pa sab saud, malaria, mob khaub thuas.

duab cichona
duab cichona

Sab nraud, cov tawv ntoo yog siv los kho cov kab mob hauv txaj, qhov txhab tsis zoo rau lub sijhawm ntev, vim nws tau hais tawm cov tshuaj astringent.

Contraindications:

  • nce tus neeg rhiab heev rau quinine thiabquinidine;
  • pregnancy.

Nws tsis pom zoo kom noj cinchona-raws li kev npaj nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, vim nws txhim kho lawv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub cev.

Siv tshuaj ntsuab

Ib qho extract ntawm quinone yog siv los ua tshuaj tua kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws nquag tawm tsam cov kab mob sib kis (xws li mob khaub thuas, piv txwv). Tom ntej no, xav txog cov zaub mov nrov tshaj plaws rau kev npaj cov tshuaj.

Folk recipes: cinchona tea

Koj yuav xav tau ib teaspoon ntawm qhuav raw cov ntaub ntawv, uas yuav tsum tau nchuav nrog 250 ml ntawm boiling dej thiab insisted rau kaum feeb. Tom qab ntawd cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tsum tau lim. Tshuaj yej yog siv nyob rau hauv 40 ml peb caug feeb ua ntej noj mov. Cov cuab yeej zoo li no yuav ua rau kom qab los noj mov, normalize digestive system.

Rau malaria, cov kws kho mob ib txwm pom zoo kom noj cinchona thaum sawv ntxov (ib qho kev pabcuam - ib lub hnab hmoov) rau tsib hnub. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau so rau ob hnub, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv ob hnub ntxiv. Tom qab siv cov tshuaj, koj yuav tsum tau pw tsaug zog. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog. Kev kho mob txuas ntxiv mus rau kaum hnub.

cinchona tawv
cinchona tawv

Ntawm keeb kwm ntawm homeopathy

Nws tsis tuaj yeem hais tias cinchona bark, raws li ntau tus kws tshaj lij, tau muab lub zog muaj zog rau kev txhim kho homeopathy. Thaum pib ntawm kev siv cov nroj tsuag no, tus kws kho mob Hahnemann (Lub Tebchaws Yelemees) tau thov tias cov tshuaj noj hauv cov koob tshuaj me me ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob, uas nyob rau hauv koob loj kho. Yog li tsa lub hauv paus ntsiab lus uas homeopathy yog raws - "zoo li yog khozoo ib yam".

Cinchona extract yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm quinine. Cov khoom no tau kawm zoo. Nws yog lub npe hu rau nws cov antiseptic, astringent thiab tonic zog. Quinine tau nquag siv hauv kev kho mob ua npaws thiab malaria hauv cov teb chaws sov. Kev siv ntau hauv cov neeg muaj kev fab tshuaj yuav ua rau xeev siab thiab mob taub hau.

Siv hauv homeopathy

Cinchona yog cov nroj tsuag tshuaj siv dav hauv homeopathy. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv tsis tshua muaj concentrations (D1 thiab D1) rau kev qaug zog feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug ntev thiab mob hnyav, tsis txaus secretion ntawm gastric kua txiv. Hauv cov koob tshuaj zoo li no, quinine ua haujlwm zoo heev. Cov ntsiab lus siab dua (D4 - D6) yog siv rau neuralgia, mob taub hau rov qab, hnoos hawb pob thiab mob ntsws, mob plawv, mob plab, teeb meem nrog cov kab mob biliary, gout.

Herbal Supplement

Nutramedix siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb los txhim kho kev sib xyaw thiab rho tawm ntawm cinchona bark. Qhov no ua kom muaj kev tsim cov spectrum tag nrho nrog lub siab tshaj plaws bioactivity.

cichona extract
cichona extract

Cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Co lub raj mis kom zoo ua ntej siv. Ntxiv rau plaub milliliters dej los ntawm ib mus rau peb caug tee ntawm cov extract, tos ib feeb ua ntej haus. Koj yuav tsum pib noj cov tshuaj nrog ib tee ob zaug hauv ib hnub ua ntej noj mov (30 feeb), noj tshuaj txhua hnub yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv, nqa mus rau peb caug tee (lossis raws li tau hais tseg).mus koom tus kws kho mob).

Cov extract yog tsim los ntawm NUTRA MEDIX. Tus nqi ntawm ib lub raj mis (30 ml) yog 2760 rubles.

Siv hauv cosmetology

Thiab tsob ntoo zoo nkauj no (quinine) tau pom daim ntawv thov hauv cosmetology. Kev npaj raws li nws cov tawv ntoo yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom uas txhim kho plaub hau kev loj hlob thiab cov qauv. Feem ntau, cinchona extract yog siv rau cov hom phiaj no. Nws muaj anti-seborrheic zog, thiab yog li ntawd zoo fights dandruff. Nws yog nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj kho mob thiab tshuaj zawv plaub hau los tiv thaiv dandruff. Cov tshuaj zawv plaub hau no tswj cov metabolism, kho cov plaub hau, ua kom ci iab thiab ua kom muaj zog. Cov kua dej cawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev nqus cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov hlwb ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thiab ua kom cov plaub hau loj hlob zoo.

Cov tshuaj zawv plaub hau thiab tshuaj zawv plaub hau uas muaj quinine - lub zog rau cov tawv nqaij tsis muaj zog thiab nkees. Txhais tau hais tias maj mam saib xyuas rau lawv, txo cov dandruff, pab combing. Ib qho piv txwv yog Klorane tsuaj zawv plaub hau thiab balm, uas muaj nyob rau hauv 100 thiab 200 ml fwj (nqi 287 thiab 512 rubles).

cinchona tshuaj nroj tsuag
cinchona tshuaj nroj tsuag

Tsis tas li ntawd, quinine feem ntau suav nrog ntau yam tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tshuaj pleev ib ce, vim nws yog cov lim dej ntuj uas tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm tshav ntuj.

Nyob rau hauv xaus, kuv xav hais tias cinchona yeej muaj ib tug muaj zog kho nyhuv, tab sis peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias nws yog ib tug natural tshuaj lom, thiab yog li ntawd tsis ua raws li cov lus qhia, nws tus kheej noj tshuaj yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub. Kev kho mob, koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau sau tseg tsuas yog los ntawm cov neeg tuaj koomtus kws kho mob.

Pom zoo: