Txhua tus neeg mob thib peb tau kuaj pom tias muaj kab mob sib txawv. Kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob nruab nrab yog nqa tawm tshwj xeeb hauv tsev kho mob. Koj tuaj yeem txo qhov mob ua ntej mus ntsib kws kho mob tshwj xeeb nrog tshuaj lossis tshuaj kho pej xeem.
Cov kab mob nruab nrab tshwm sim tom qab thawj zaug thiab, yog tias tsis muaj kev kho mob tsim nyog, ua rau muaj teeb meem thiab txhim kho kev puas tsuaj saum npoo (enamel, dentin). Feem ntau, tus neeg mob tsis pom cov tsos mob hnyav, uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntxiv ntawm cov hniav. Nruab nrab caries tsim ntawm qhov chaw sib cuag. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov kab mob pathology, nws raug nquahu kom ua cov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv.
daim duab kho mob
Hauv kev kho hniav niaj hnub no, 4 theem ntawm caries yog qhov txawv - pib, sab sab, nruab nrab, tob. Txhua theem ntawm tus kab mob yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qee cov cim qhia thiab qib ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov hniav enamel. Kev kho mob ntawm nruab nrab thiab tob caries yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ob peb kauj ruam, yog li ntawdYuav ua li cas pom cov hniav lwj.
Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej no, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem yws ntawm qhov mob, vim tias lub plab cuam tshuam. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, kev kho mob nyuaj. Yog tias koj tsis kam kho, ces muaj caij nyoog kom tsis muaj hniav, vim nws yuav raug puas tsuaj tag nrho. Caries ntawm theem nrab yog kuaj pom yam tsis muaj teeb meem loj siv cov cuab yeej kho hniav tshwj xeeb.
Views
Hauv kev kho hniav niaj hnub no, muaj ob hom kab mob no - mob thiab mob ntev. Daim ntawv mob loj hlob sai, muaj cov tsos mob hnyav, nws yooj yim kuaj. Cov kws kho hniav nco ntsoov tias muaj ib lub qhov me me uas muaj cov npoo tsis yooj yim thiab ntse, xoob dentin nrog cov xim tsaus.
Raws li daim ntawv mob ntev, nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau lub sijhawm ntev yam tsis muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Hauv qhov no, maj mam rhuav tshem ntawm dentin thiab enamel tshwm sim. Lub qhov tau loj txaus. Cov kab mob nruab nrab yuav tsum tau kho tam sim.
Txoj kev sib cav
Muaj ntau yam laj thawj vim li cas kab mob carious tshwm sim. Cov no suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- kab mob kab mob hauv lub qhov ncauj, ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hniav enamel thiab dentin;
- noj tsis txaus, feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom noj muaj carbohydrates, uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub xeev ntawm lub qhov ncauj, tab sis kuj ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob;
- txo qhov tsis kam ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg tawv ntawm cov hniav raukab mob microflora;
- kev tu lub qhov ncauj tsis zoo thiab malocclusion;
- muaj tartar thiab plaque;
- kev tiv thaiv tsis zoo;
- nce thiab nce cov pos hniav los ntshav;
- tsis txaus ntawm calcium thiab vitamins hauv lub cev;
- tus cwj pwm phem, nquag noj zaub mov thiab dej haus uas muaj suab thaj ntau.
Txoj kev ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua, tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrab thiab nruab nrab. Cov laj thawj uas tau teev tseg yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov neeg mob ntawm cov hnub nyoog qis dua. Cov kab mob uas tshwm sim hauv lub cev thiab hloov cov qaub ncaug ua rau tsis zoo rau cov hniav.
Symptomatics
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias kev kho mob ntawm caries nruab nrab pab tshem tawm cov tsos mob tsis zoo, tab sis yog tias tus neeg mob tseem ua raws li qee cov cim qhia tom qab kho, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb rau kev qhia ntxiv. Hom kab mob no tsis tshwm sim tam sim ntawd thiab tsis mob hnyav heev. Thawj qhov uas tus neeg mob yuav tsum xyuam xim rau yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov hniav rau qee yam khoom noj uas muaj suab thaj, ntsev lossis kua qaub. Kuj tseem muaj qhov mob luv luv tom qab haus dej txias lossis dej kub.
Hauv kev xyaum kho hniav, muaj cov mob thaum qhov mob yuav tsis tuaj, vim cov ntaub so ntswg hloov tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov kab noj hniav carious. Tus neeg mob pom qhov tsaus ntuj ntawm cov enamel nyob rau hauv qhov chaw cuam tshuam, ib lub qhov me me thiab tsis hnov tsw ntawm qhov ncauj.kab noj hniav. Cov theem mob ntev, raws li tau hais ua ntej, tuaj yeem txhim kho lub sijhawm ntev asymptomatically, thiab tom qab ntawd tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev mob hnyav, raws li cov hlab ntsha lossis cov hniav hauv paus yuav cuam tshuam. Kev kho cov kab mob nruab nrab ntawm daim ntawv no yog ua tiav tam sim.
Differential Diagnosis
txhawm rau txiav txim siab txog theem ntawm caries, kev kuaj mob sib txawv yuav tsum tau ua. Nws muaj peev xwm paub qhov txawv nruab nrab ntawm tus kab mob no yam tsis muaj teeb meem, vim nws muaj qee yam cim. Tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, rau kev kho kom zoo, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau tshem tawm xws li pathologies ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav xws li:
- Ntxhais zoo li tus flaw.
- Ntseeg theem ntawm kev puas tsuaj.
- Periodontitis.
- Kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hniav.
Txhua yam ntawm cov kab mob no muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Ib tug wedge-shaped deficiency yog kuaj nyob rau hauv lub caj dab ntawm cov hniav, nrog ib tug du nto, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau caries. Lub npoo yog qhia nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav, tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha chamber. Ib kab noj hniav tau sau tseg, uas yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm ob lub pathologies.
Qhov tob ntawm qhov mob carious yog qhov mob hnyav thaum kuaj. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav pom tias cov ntshav tso tawm nrog cov ntxhiab tsw tsis zoo.
Periodontitis muaj cov tsos mob hnyav. Cov txheej txheem inflammatory tau pom tas li, tuaj yeem rov ua dua tom qab kev tso cai ntev. Kev kuaj ntsuas rau qhov pathology no tsis ua tiav. ErosiveKev puas tsuaj feem ntau tsis meej pem nrog cov kab mob caries, tab sis tseem cov kab mob muaj nws tus kheej cov ntsiab lus sib txawv, xws li lub ntsej muag du, tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus siab thaum cuam tshuam nrog kev khaus.
Diagnosis
Muaj pes tsawg theem ntawm kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob nruab nrab yuav raug txiav txim siab tsuas yog tom qab kuaj xyuas qhov ncauj kab noj hniav thiab thaj chaw cuam tshuam. Hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej, tus kab mob ntawm hom no tsuas yog tshem tawm hauv chaw kho mob nkaus xwb. Kev tiv thaiv kuj raug txiav txim los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij.
Nyob rau hauv kev tshuaj xyuas, kev saib xyuas yog them rau qhov ceev ntawm lub hauv qab ntawm carious kab noj hniav, qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov, xim ntawm cov hniav, qhov xwm thiab siv ntawm qhov mob.
ntsuas kev kuaj mob feem ntau:
- Kev soj ntsuam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus neeg mob qhov mob tshwm sim rau tus txheej txheem tau ua yog saib xyuas.
- X-rays pab txiav txim qhov chaw ntawm qhov txhab thiab lawv qhov tob.
- Electroodontodiagnostics cuam tshuam txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm hluav taws xob tam sim no ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam. Hais txog ntau yam kev kuaj mob sib txawv. Pab ntsuam xyuas qhov tob ntawm cov kab noj hniav thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub pulp.
- ntsuas kub ntsuas qhov mob thaum raug rau qhov ua rau khaus.
Yeej, kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas yog txaus kom meej meej hais tias theem twg thiab qhov kev kho mob ntawm cov caries nruab nrab yog dab tsi. Tus nqi yuav nyob ntawm ntau yam, piv txwv li, ntawm cov tshuaj siv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, kev siv ntawm qhov txhab,tsev kho mob theem.
Kev kho mob
Kev kho mob suav nrog kev npaj cov chaw puas, uas tau ua tiav maj mam, uas yog:
- Tshem tawm ntawm cov hniav puas thiab cov hniav muag muag.
- Kev tua kab mob ntawm cov kab noj hniav, ntxuav nws los ntawm cov seem ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg puas lawm.
- Filling.
Nyob rau txhua theem, tus kws tshaj lij siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Tshwj xeeb mloog yog them rau teeb pom kev zoo. Tom qab kev npaj, cov kab noj hniav yog kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob, degreased thiab kom qhuav.
Ua ntej muab tso rau hauv cov hniav, sab hauv ntawm cov hniav yog npog nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Tom qab cov khoom raug pom los ntawm lub teeb hluav taws xob lossis tshuaj kho mob. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub filling kom khov. Tom qab ntawd nws raug kho, qee zaum ob peb zaug, kom ua tiav kev nplij siab thaum tuav lub puab tsaig.
Kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob thib ob hauv cov menyuam yaus
theem nrab ntawm tus kab mob hniav no txhim kho thiab ua tau zoo ib yam li cov neeg laus. Cov tsos mob tsis txawv ntau. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntxiv hauv cov hniav, koj yuav tsum tau mus xyuas lub chaw kho hniav tsis tu ncua, ua raws sijhawm thiab kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas.
Yog tias peb tsis suav nrog kev kho mob ib ntus ntawm cov kab mob thib ob hauv cov menyuam yaus, qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev - kev puas tsuaj ntau ntawm dentin, o ntawm cov tawv nqaij. Cov hniav puas hnyav raug muab tshem tawm thiab muab ib qho kev cog hniav tshwj xeeb, uas tshem tawm malocclusion thiab tshem tawm ntawm cov hniav. Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias caries tuaj yeem kuaj tau tom qab ntawm tus menyuam cov molars.
Kev txhaws, lwm yam khoom siv yog siv, tsim los rau cov menyuam yaus cov hniav, tab sis tsis muaj qhov zoo. Tus nqi kho mob kis kab mob hauv cov menyuam yaus sib txawv, nyob ntawm ntau yam.
Huab cua
Qhov kev cia siab yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab ua raws li cov txheej txheem. Yog tias qhov chaw tsis kho lossis cov ntaub so ntswg puas tseem nyob hauv qhov txhaws, ces caries ntxiv zuj zus thiab ua rau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tawv nqaij thiab cov hlab ntsha, cov hauv paus puas.
Nrog kev kho mob tsis zoo, mob plab nrog nws cov teeb meem yuav tsum tsis txhob txiav txim siab yav tom ntej. Yog li ntawd, tus neeg mob yuav ntsib cov tsos mob tsis zoo, ua rau muaj kev tsis xis nyob. Yog tias koj tsis quav ntsej txog kev txhim kho ntawm cov kab mob, cov hniav tsis raug cais tawm.
ntsuas kev tiv thaiv
Rau qhov ncauj noj qab haus huv, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus pom zoo ntawm tus kws tshaj lij. Cov no suav nrog:
- kho raws sijhawm ntawm pathologies thiab cov txheej txheem inflammatory;
- kev tiv thaiv kev kho hniav tsis tu ncua;
- khoom noj kom raug thiab sib npaug;
- kev ua kom huv ntawm qhov ncauj;
- tsis suav nrog kev noj zaub mov txias lossis khoom noj kub, kub hloov pauv;
- muab tus cwj pwm phem (kev haus luam yeeb);
- noj zaub mov tawv thiab mos sib npaug.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm tu cov hniav ntawm cov mos mos thiab tawvraid. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav pab koj xaiv txoj kev kho qhov ncauj. Tag nrho cov lus pom zoo yuav pab kom tshem tawm cov kab mob loj xws li caries.
