Kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob pancreatic: txoj kev tshawb fawb, nta thiab cov lus pom zoo

Cov txheej txheem:

Kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob pancreatic: txoj kev tshawb fawb, nta thiab cov lus pom zoo
Kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob pancreatic: txoj kev tshawb fawb, nta thiab cov lus pom zoo

Video: Kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob pancreatic: txoj kev tshawb fawb, nta thiab cov lus pom zoo

Video: Kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob pancreatic: txoj kev tshawb fawb, nta thiab cov lus pom zoo
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Ib qho ntawm cov kab mob tseem ceeb ntawm kev zom zaub mov yog pancreas. Nws ua haujlwm ob qho tib si exo- thiab endocrine functions. Kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev ua rau muaj kab mob loj. Ntawm lawv yog pancreatitis thiab ntshav qab zib mellitus. Txhua yam ntawm cov kab mob no ua rau muaj kev phom sij hauv lub neej. Yog li ntawd, kev kuaj mob raws sij hawm ntawm cov kab mob pancreas tso cai rau koj los txheeb xyuas cov kab mob thaum ntxov. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia hais tias nws yog kiag li tsis yooj yim sua kom nyob tsis muaj lub cev no. Hauv qhov no, pancreatic cancer thiab pancreatic necrosis sai sai ua rau tuag. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim feem ntau yog xeev siab thiab plab zom mov.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub txiav txiav hauv lub cev

Lub txiav yog ib yam khoom nyob rau hauv lub plab kab noj hniav, uas koom nrog hauv kev ua zaub mov thiab ua haujlwm ntawm endocrine. Nws muaj peb yam anatomical formations: taub hau, lub cev thiab tus Tsov tus tw. Qhov ntev ntawm lub txiav yog loj heev. Nws lub taub hau pib nyob rau hauv txoj cai hypochondrium, thiab tus Tsov tus tw xaus nyob rau hauv sab laug ib nrab ntawm lub epigastric cheeb tsam. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm inflammatory txheej txheem, qhov mob yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho lub plab mog, thiab kuj muaj ib tug shingles cim.

cov txheej txheem rau kev kuaj mob pancreas
cov txheej txheem rau kev kuaj mob pancreas

Qhov exocrine ntawm lub cev nyob hauv thaj tsam loj ntawm lub txiav. Nws ua haujlwm ntawm exocrine. Lub caj pas secretes pancreatic kua txiv thiab enzymes. Cov no suav nrog cov tshuaj xws li alpha-amylase, lipase, trypsin, thiab chymotrypsin. Txhua yam ntawm cov enzymes no tsim nyog rau kev zom zaub mov, uas yog cov proteins, rog thiab carbohydrates.

Lub endocrine ib feem ntawm lub cev yog nyob rau hauv tus Tsov tus tw. Nws tsuas yog thaj chaw me me xwb, tab sis tseem ceeb heev. Cov txheej txheem histological xws li cov islets ntawm Langerhans yog qhov txawv ntawm tus Tsov tus tw. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm ntau hom cell. Cov tshuaj hormones tsim los ntawm cov txiav ua ke suav nrog: insulin, somatostatin, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide.

Yog vim li cas rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev hloov pauv

Tsis yog kws kho mob tuaj yeem teb cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas thiaj paub txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus txiav. Tom qab tag nrho, inflammatory kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub cev yog nrog los ntawm mob hnyav thiab xeev siab. Cov tsos mob no yuav luag ib txwm cuam tshuam nrog yav dhau los haus cawv los yog cov khoom noj rog. Ethyl cawv yog qhov ua rau mob pancreatitis thiab kab mob siab. Nws rhuav tshem cov hlwb pancreatic, uas ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm kev tsim cov enzymes. Kev haus cawv ntev ntev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hormonal, xws li ntshav qab zib.

Yuav kuaj mob pancreatic li cas
Yuav kuaj mob pancreatic li cas

Lwm qhov laj thawj rau kev txhim kho pathologies yog kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus. Kev kuaj mob ntawm daim siab thiab txiav txiav yuav tsum pib nrog kev soj ntsuam ntawm tus neeg mob. Kev siv cov rog hauv qhov ntau ua rau qhov tseeb tias cov enzymes tsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog lub nra. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub xeev ntawm lub cev raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev noj zaub mov ntsim thiab kib.

kho mob yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob

Txawm tias qhov tseeb tias cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob pancreatic zoo ib yam li lwm cov kab mob plab hnyuv, tus kws kho mob paub txog yuav muaj peev xwm paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv. Palpation ntawm lub plab, kuaj thiab ntsuas ntsuas yuav pab nrog qhov no. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kab mob hauv lub sijhawm, kev kuaj mob kom raug ntawm tus txiav yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob hauv lub cev yog raws li nram no:

  1. mob plab plab. Cov kev xav tsis zoo yog cuam tshuam nrog kev noj cov zaub mov rog lossis cawv. Lawv qhov chaw nyob yog nyob ntawm qhov kev puas tsuaj. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog sab laug ib nrab ntawm lub epigastrium, thaj tsam ntawm lub plab, tsawg dua sab xis ntawm lub plab. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, qhov mob kuj tseem npog qhov chaw ntawm lub nraub qaum, uas yog, nws yog ib lub cim khi.
  2. Ntsuab tom qab noj mov. Tsis zoo li lwm yam pathologies ntawm txoj hnyuv, ntuav hauv pancreatitis tsis tuaj yeem pab tau.
  3. Bloating thiab flatulence. Lub fermentation ntawm undigested zaub mov ua rau tsub zuj zuj ntawm gas nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus siab.
  4. Ua kom lub cev kub. Nws yog pom nyob rau hauv mob inflammatory txheej txheem thiab thaum lub sij hawmexacerbation ntawm mob pancreatitis.
Laboratory diagnostics ntawm pancreas
Laboratory diagnostics ntawm pancreas

Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob xws li nqhis dej ntau thiab tso zis ntau zaus, koj yuav tsum kuaj ntshav txhawm rau txiav txim siab qib qabzib. Cov kab mob pancreatitis ntev ntev ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov islets ntawm Langerhans thiab ua rau cov tshuaj insulin tsis txaus.

YDifferential Diagnosis of pathologies

Ua ntej pib kho, yuav tsum kuaj xyuas kom raug. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob gastroenterologist thiab kuaj xyuas. Tsuas yog ib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv daim teb no tuaj yeem ua qhov kev kuaj mob sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob pancreatic. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom paub qhov txawv ntawm ib qho pathology los ntawm txhua tus neeg uas muaj cov tsos mob zoo sib xws. Cov txheej txheem o ntawm tus txiav yog txawv los ntawm mob plab thiab mob ntev, cholecystitis, duodenal ulcer.

Qee zaum, pancreatitis zoo li lub plawv nres. Hauv qhov no, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau txais ECG txhawm rau txiav tawm myocardial ischemia. Thaum tsis muaj lub plawv nres, kev sim kuaj pom muaj tus mob pancreatitis tau ua. Yog hais tias tus mob yog shingles, pancreatitis yuav tsum tau sib txawv ntawm osteochondrosis ntawm lub thoracic qaum, raum colic. Hauv qhov mob hnyav, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau pib tam sim.

Kev kuaj mob pancreatic: txoj hauv kev

Ua ntej kev kuaj mob, tus neeg mob tau kuaj xyuas txhua yam tsim nyog. Thawj kauj ruam yog sau cov lus tsis txaus siab. Hauv kev sib tham nrog tus kws kho mob, tus neeg mob qhia cov tsos mob zoo li cascuam tshuam nws. Tus kws kho mob gastroenterologist sau cov ntaub ntawv no thiab qhia txog cov kab mob pathology. Muaj cov hauv qab no rau kev txheeb xyuas cov kab mob pancreas:

  1. kuaj mob thiab kuaj lub cev.
  2. Sau cov qauv rau kev kuaj sim.
  3. Instrumental diagnostics.
MRI diagnostic muaj peev xwm
MRI diagnostic muaj peev xwm

Tom qab txhua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tau ua tiav, tus kws kho mob sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj cov tsos mob zoo sib xws. Raws li txhua theem ntawm kev kuaj mob, kev kuaj mob tau tsim.

Palpation ntawm pancreas thiab siab

Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus txiav thiab daim siab pib nrog kev kuaj lub cev. Tus kws kho mob soj ntsuam tus mob ntawm tus neeg mob daim tawv nqaij, tshuaj xyuas cov mucous daim nyias nyias thiab ntsuas lub cev kub. Nyob rau hauv pathologies ntawm lub hepato-biliary system, ib qho cim ntawm khawb los yog kab laug sab leeg - telangiectasias tau pom ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Kev mob ntawm daim siab (mob siab) feem ntau yog nrog daj ntawm sclera thiab tawv nqaij. Qhov kub thiab txias qhia txog theem mob ntawm tus kab mob.

Tom qab kev kuaj dav dav, lub plab palpated. Mob ntawm qee cov ntsiab lus qhia kev puas tsuaj rau lub txiav. Tus neeg mob sau qhov tsis xis nyob thaum tus kws kho mob kov sab laug hypochondrium. Palpation yog nqa tawm ob leeg pw ntawm nraub qaum thiab sab. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm daim siab yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov tob tob ntawm xib teg mus rau sab xis hypochondrium.

Kev tshawb fawb txog kev mob pancreatic

Ib theem tseem ceeb ntawm kev xeem yogLaboratory kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob pancreas. Ua ntej, tus neeg mob yuav siv cov kev sim dav dav: KLA thiab OAM. Kev mob hnyav yog qhov tshwm sim los ntawm kev nce ntawm cov leukocytes hauv cov ntshav thiab kev nrawm ntawm erythrocyte sedimentation tus nqi. ESR siab kuj tseem tuaj yeem qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem oncological. Cov cim qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kab mob pancreatic muaj xws li: tag nrho thiab ncaj qha bilirubin, pancreatic amylase, ALT, AST thiab qabzib. Cov qib ntawm cov tshuaj no yog txiav txim los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav biochemical. Tsis tas li ntawd, pancreatitis yog pov thawj los ntawm ntau cov enzyme - diastase hauv cov zis.

diagnostics ntawm pancreas
diagnostics ntawm pancreas

qib qabzib nce siab qhia tias mob ntshav qab zib mellitus tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis muaj insulin. Cov kev hloov pauv no qhia txog kev puas tsuaj rau qhov endocrine ntawm lub cev. Qhov tsis muaj enzymes hauv cov kua txiv pancreatic yog txiav txim siab siv duodenal sounding. Pancreatitis kuj tseem qhia tau tias muaj cov rog tsis sib cais thiab cov leeg nqaij hauv cov quav. Cov tsos mob zoo sib xws yog hu ua steato- thiab creatorrhea. Qhov no ua rau cov quav ua greasy.

Instrumental exam method

Ntxiv rau qhov kev sim, kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob pancreatic kuj suav nrog kev tshawb fawb. Cov no suav nrog: ultrasound ntawm thaj chaw hepato-duodenal, suav tomography thiab MRI. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tshwj xeeb yog endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Nws muaj nyob rau hauv kev qhia txog qhov sib txawv rau hauv cov ducts ntawm cheeb tsam hepato-biliary.

Kev kuaj mob ntawm daim siab thiab pancreas
Kev kuaj mob ntawm daim siab thiab pancreas

Tom qab tso qhov endoscope rau hauv lub lumen ntawm duodenum, koob x-rays raug coj mus. Yog li, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem soj ntsuam qhov mob ntawm txhua qhov ducts thiab Vater's papilla. Yog tias xav tias qog nqaij hlav, kuaj biopsy.

Magnetic resonance imaging ntawm lub plab

Raws li koj paub, magnetic resonance imaging tau tsim nws tus kheej los ua ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem kuaj mob zoo tshaj plaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev no tsis yog invasive thiab tsis mob. Qhov ua tau ntawm MRI kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob pancreatic yog qhov dav. Txoj kev tshawb no tso cai rau koj pom txhua yam hauv nruab nrog cev ntawm lub plab kab noj hniav, lawv qhov chaw thiab cov qauv. Nrog kev pab los ntawm txheej-los-txheej scanning ntawm pancreas, nws muaj peev xwm pom cov cheeb tsam ntawm o los yog muaj cov qog zoo li tsim. MRI nrog qhov sib txawv yog pom zoo kom txhim kho kev pom.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob pancreas
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob pancreas

Kev kho cov kab mob pancreas

Koj tsis tuaj yeem pib kho koj tus kheej. Yog tias muaj cov tsos mob tsis txaus siab tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob gastroenterologist thiab nrhiav seb yuav kuaj tus txiav txiav. Daim ntawv teev cov kev kuaj xyuas tsim nyog tuaj yeem muab los ntawm tus kws kho mob lossis kws phais. Nrog exacerbation ntawm tus kab mob pancreatitis ntev, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau sau tseg. Txij li thaum lub cev tsis tiv nrog nws txoj haujlwm, kev kho enzyme yuav tsum tau hloov. Cov no suav nrog cov tshuaj "Pancreatin", "Festal", "Mezim-forte". Kev mob hnyav yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob sai thiab kho phais. Yog tus neeg mob muajMob ntshav qab zib mellitus tau tsim, kev kho tshuaj hormone yog sau tseg, nrog rau kev noj zaub mov nruj nrog kev tsis suav cov zaub mov carbohydrate.

Tiv thaiv kab mob thiab exacerbations

Txhawm rau zam cov kab mob pancreatic, koj yuav tsum noj kom raug. Kev noj zaub mov yuav tsum yog cov zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tsis txhob tsim txom cov zaub mov kib, ntsim thiab rog. Nws kuj raug pom zoo kom tsis suav nrog haus cawv thiab haus luam yeeb. Kev ua txhaum ntawm kev noj haus thiab kev noj haus ntawm ethyl cawv provokes ib qho exacerbation ntawm tus kab mob.

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