Cov kab mob feem ntau tsis tshwm sim li ntawd, tab sis kis los ntawm qhov chaw mus rau tus neeg noj qab haus huv. Peb xav kom koj paub koj tus kheej nrog hom kev sib kis ntawm cov kab mob, nrog rau kev nkag siab ntau ntxiv txog cov kab mob uas muaj kab mob. Qhov no muaj tseeb tshwj xeeb thaum lub caij sov.
hom kis tau tus mob
Kab mob kis tau mus rau tib neeg raws li hauv qab no:
- Tshuaj ntsuab. Txoj kev kis tau tus mob yog lub digestive system. Tus kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub cev nrog zaub mov thiab dej uas muaj cov kab mob (piv txwv li, kab mob plab hnyuv, plab plab, salmonellosis, kab mob cholera).
- Huab cua. Txoj kev kis tau tus mob yog nqus tau pa los yog hmoov av uas muaj cov kab mob.
- Hu rau. Txoj kev ntawm kev sib kis yog qhov chaw ntawm kev kis kab mob lossis kab mob (piv txwv li, tus neeg mob). Koj tuaj yeem kis tau los ntawm kev sib cuag ncaj qha, kev sib deev, nrog rau kev sib cuag hauv tsev, uas yog, los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv hauv tsev (piv txwv li, phuam lossis tais diav) nrog tus neeg mob.
- ntshav:
- ntsug, thaum leej niam tus mob kis tus kab mob mus rau tus menyuam;
- kis tau tus kab mob - kis tau los ntawm cov ntshav nrog kev pab los ntawm cov cab muaj sia (kab kab);
- ntshav ntshav, thaum muaj kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm tsis txaus hauv chaw kho hniav, ntau lub tsev kho mob (tsev kho mob, chaw kuaj mob, thiab lwm yam), cov kws kho hniav zoo nkauj thiab kws kho plaub hau.
Kev kis tus kabmob
Txoj kev kis tau ntawm kev kis tus kab mob yog nkag mus rau cov ntshav uas muaj cov kab mob mus rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm tus neeg noj qab haus huv. Nws yog ua los ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom nyob. Txoj kev sib kis yuav kis tau tus kab mob nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kab nqus ntshav:
- ncaj qha ntawm kab tom;
- tom qab rub tawm tiv thaiv puas (piv txwv li khawb) daim tawv nqaij ntawm kab tuag vector.
Yog tsis muaj kev kho mob kom raug, kab mob kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.
Hom kev sib kis thiab kev faib cov vector ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj kab mob
Kev kis tus kab mob kis tau tshwm sim hauv cov hauv qab no:
- Inoculation - tus neeg noj qab haus huv kis kab mob thaum muaj kab tom los ntawm nws lub qhov ncauj. Qhov kev sib kis no yuav tshwm sim ob peb zaug yog tias tus vector tsis tuag (piv txwv li, qhov no yog li cas malaria kis tau).
- Kev kis kab mob - ib tug neeg kis tau los ntawm kev txhuam cov quav ntawm kab mus rau hauv qhov chaw tom. Kab mobtseem tuaj yeem rov ua dua ntau zaus, txog thaum tus neeg nqa khoom tuag (ib qho piv txwv ntawm tus kab mob typhus).
- Kev kis kab mob tshwj xeeb - kab mob ntawm tus neeg noj qab haus huv tshwm sim thaum cov kab nkag mus rau hauv daim tawv nqaij puas (piv txwv li, thaum muaj khawb lossis qhov txhab ntawm nws). Kev kis tau tshwm sim ib zaug, raws li tus neeg nqa khoom tuag (ib qho piv txwv ntawm tus kab mob rov ua npaws).
Cov neeg nqa khoom, dhau los, muab faib ua cov hauv qab no:
- Tshwj xeeb, hauv lub cev uas cov kab mob tau tsim kho thiab muaj ntau theem ntawm lub neej.
- Mechanical, nyob rau hauv uas nws lub cev pathogens tsis tsim, tab sis tsuas yog sau raws sij hawm.
Cov kab mob uas kis tau
Muaj kab mob thiab kab mob kis los ntawm kab:
- relapsing fever;
- anthrax;
- tularemia;
- plague;
- ncephalitis;
- tus kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob tib neeg;
- kab mob Chagas, lossis American trypanosomiasis;
- daj kub cev (tus kab mob kis ntawm lub tropics);
- ntau yam ua npaws;
- Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (tus neeg tuag siab - los ntawm kaum mus rau plaub caug feem pua);
- dengue fever (zoo ib yam ntawm tropics);
- lymphatic filariasis (zoo ib yam ntawm tropics);
- dej dig muag, lossis onchocerciasis, thiab ntau lwm yam kab mob.
Muaj txog ob puas hom kab mob uas kis tau.
Specific vectors for vector-borne kab mob
Peb tau sau saum toj no tias muaj ob hom kev thauj khoom. Xav txog cov kab mob uas muaj kab mob sib kis los yog mus dhau lub voj voog kev loj hlob.
| kab mob ntshav | Kab mob |
| Poj niam malarial yoov tshaj cum (Anopheles) | YMalaria, wuchereriosis, brugiasis |
| Mosquito Biters (Aedes) | kub taub hau thiab mob dengue, Japanese encephalitis, lymphocytic chorionmeningitis, wuchereriosis, brugiasis |
| Culex yoov tshaj cum | YBrugiasis, wuchereriosis, Japanese encephalitis |
| Mosquitoes | Y Leishmaniasis: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, visceral. Pappatachi Fever |
| Lice (khaub ncaws, taub hau, pubic) | ua npaws nrawm nrawm, Volyn fever, American trypanosomiasis |
| Plague, tularemia | |
| Bug | American trypanosomiasis |
| Bitches | Filariotosis |
| Mosquitoes | Onchocerciasis |
| Tse-tse fly | African trypanosomiasis |
| Gidflies | Loazosis |
| Ixodid ticks |
Fever: Omsk, Crimean, Marseille, Q fever. Encephalitis: zuam-borne, taiga, Scottish. Tularemia |
| Argas mites | Q kub taub hau, rov ua npaws, tularemia |
| Gamas mites | Khnas ua npaws, mob caj pas, Tularemia, Q Five |
| Ntxhais hmoob nyab laj | Tsutsugamushi |
Mechanical vectors of vector-borne infections
Cov kab no kis tus kab mob raws li tau txais.
| Kab | Kab mob |
| kab laug sab, tsev yoov | Helminth qe, protozoan cysts, ntau yam kab mob thiab kab mob (piv txwv li, ua rau tus kab mob typhoid fever, dysentery, tuberculosis, thiab lwm yam) |
| Autumn burner | YTularemia, anthrax |
| Bitches | Tularemia |
| Gidflies | Tularemia, anthrax, polio |
| Aedes yoov tshaj cum | Tularemia |
| Mosquitoes | YTularemia, anthrax, leprosy |
Kev kis tus kab mob tib neeg tiv thaiv kab mob
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab mob hauv ib qhomilliliter ntawm cov ntshav ntawm tus neeg mob HIV - txog li peb txhiab. Qhov no yog peb puas npaug ntau dua li hauv cov kua dej seminal. Tus kab mob tib neeg tiv thaiv kab mob kis tau raws li hauv qab no:
- sexually;
- los ntawm cev xeeb tub lossis niam pub niam mis rau menyuam;
- dhau los ntawm cov ntshav (cov tshuaj txhaj tshuaj; thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv cov ntshav muaj kabmob lossis hloov pauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab kabmob los ntawm tus neeg muaj kabmob HIV);
Kev kis tus kab mob HIV yuav luag ua tsis tau.
Tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm tus kab mob
Kev tiv thaiv los tiv thaiv kev kis tus kab mob los ntawm tus kab mob:
- deratization, uas yog, sib ntaus tawm tsam nas;
- disinsection, uas yog, txheej txheem rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm vectors;
- txheej txheej txheej txheem rau kev txhim kho cheeb tsam (piv txwv li, melioration);
- siv tus kheej lossis sib sau ua ke ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov kab nqus ntshav (piv txwv li, bracelets tshwj xeeb soaked hauv cov roj tsw qab, tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj tsuag, yoov tshaj cum);
- kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
- tso cov neeg mob thiab kis mus rau thaj chaw cais tawm.
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yog txo tus naj npawb ntawm cov vectors. Tsuas yog qhov no tuaj yeem txo qhov yuav kis tau cov kab mob xws li mob npaws rov qab, kis kab mob anthroponoses, phlebotomy fever thiab hauv nroog cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Qhov ntsuas ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm nyob ntawmntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob. Yog li lawv tuaj yeem tuav hauv:
- streets;
- district;
- cities;
- pab thiab zoo li.
Kev ua tiav ntawm kev tiv thaiv yog nyob ntawm qhov ua tiav ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab qib ntawm kev kuaj xyuas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev kis kab mob. Peb thov kom koj noj qab nyob zoo!
