Phosphorus-calcium metabolism yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic hauv lub cev, ua txhaum cai uas ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj. Nws tuaj yeem muaj nyob rau hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Cov kab mob uas tshwm sim feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism yog rickets.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev faib tawm thoob ntiaj teb, rickets raug suav tias yog kab mob ntawm cov kab mob endocrine, nrog rau cov teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob metabolic. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm hypovitaminosis D hauv kev tsim cov rickets tsis suav nrog. Koom nrog cov kev ua txhaum cai no nrog kev loj hlob sai thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov pob txha pob txha, uas, yog tias phosphorus-calcium metabolism raug cuam tshuam, ua rau rickets zoo li.
Ua rau muaj kev txhim kho tus kabmob
Ntawm cov feem ntau yuav tshwm sim rau qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob, cov thawj coj yog cov hauv qab no:
- nrawm ntawm cov txheej txheem kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, ua rau muaj kev xav tau ntau ntxiv rau cov zaub mov;
- tsis txaus ntawm calcium thiab phosphates los ntawm zaub mov;
- kev ua txhaumKev nqus ntawm calcium thiab phosphate hauv cov hnyuv, nrog rau kev tso tawm ntau dhau ntawm cov zaub mov hauv cov zis;
- txo qis hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm calcium thiab phosphates hauv lub cev vim acid-base tsis txaus, tsis txaus ntawm cov vitamins thiab minerals rau ntau yam;
- vitamin D deficiency vim yog sab nraud thiab sab hauv (keeb kwm) yam;
- txo qis hauv lub cev muaj zog thiab lub cev txhawb nqa;
- hormonal imbalance vim yog ua txhaum ntawm qhov kev pom zoo ntawm cov tshuaj hormones osteotropic.
Cov xwm txheej rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob metabolic
Phosphorus-calcium metabolism muaj cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:
- Kev nqus cov zaub mov los ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv plab.
- Txoj kev hloov pauv ntawm phosphorus thiab calcium los ntawm cov ntshav mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov pob txha pob txha.
- Kev tshem tawm cov zaub mov los ntawm lub cev ntawm lub cev ntawm lub cev.
Lub ntsiab ua rau phosphorus-calcium metabolism disorders yog txuam nrog leaching ntawm minerals los ntawm cov pob txha pob txha mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Qhov no ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm pathologies xws li osteoporosis thiab osteomalacia.
Qhov xav tau ntawm lub cev loj hlob rau calcium yog tsib caug milligrams ib kilogram ntawm lub cev hnyav ib hnub. Cov khoom noj mis nyuj tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm calcium thoob plaws hauv tib neeg lub neej. Ntxiv mus, qhov saturation ntawm lub cev nrog cov zaub mov tsis yog nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv calcium uas tau noj, tab sis kuj nyob ntawm ntau qhov laj thawj. Piv txwv li, ntawm solubility ntawm calcium, nws feem puapiv rau phosphorus (qhov zoo tshaj piv yog ob feem ntawm calcium rau ib feem ntawm phosphorus), pH theem ntawm cov ntshav thiab cov ntaub so ntswg (ib qho ntxiv cov ntsiab lus ntawm alkaline nyob rau hauv lub cev impairs lub nqus ntawm minerals).
Regulators ntawm cov ntxhia metabolism
Lub ntsiab tswj kev tswj hwm phosphorus-calcium metabolism vitamin D tau lees paub, yog li, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntxhia hauv cov zaub mov feem ntau nyob ntawm qib ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus hauv lub cev.
Lub ntsiab reserves ntawm calcium thiab phosphorus yog nyob rau hauv cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg. Nws yog nyob rau hauv cov pob txha uas hais txog cuaj caum feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov calcium thiab xya caum feem pua ntawm phosphorus yog concentrated. Cov pob txha pob txha thoob plaws hauv ib tug neeg lub neej yog nquag koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem metabolic, tswj cov qib siab ntawm phosphorus thiab calcium hauv cov ntshav. Kev txo qis hauv cov zaub mov ua rau cov pob txha puas tsuaj zuj zus, thiab qhov nce hauv qib txwv ua rau muaj cov ntsev ntsev.
Kev cais qee cov zaub mov hauv cov zis yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic. Ntxiv mus, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv thaum lub sij hawm excretion ntawm calcium thiab phosphorus muaj tej yam tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog:
- nce urinary calcium ua rau hypercalcemia;
- txo qis ua rau hypocalcemia.
Cov vitamin nws tus kheej yog ib pawg ntawm kaum cov vitamins ntawm pawg D, uas peb tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam feem ntau hauv cov txheej txheem metabolic. Cov no yog cov vitamins D2 thiab D3. Thawj nyob rau hauv ib tug me me concentration yog pom nyob rau hauv zaub rojthiab germinated nplej, qhov thib ob - hauv ntses roj, tsiaj roj, qe thiab mis nyuj.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev noj cov vitamin D txaus kom ntseeg tau los ntawm nws qhov kev tsim hauv daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm ultraviolet (hnub ci). Qhov zoo tshaj plaws concentration ntawm cov vitamin no yog ua tiav tom qab kaum-feeb irradiation ntawm tes. Yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li lub cev xav tau ntawm vitamin D, nws qhov tsis txaus yuav tsum tau muab ntxiv los ntawm cov zaub mov lossis los ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb uas muaj cov vitamins tsim nyog thiab kab kawm.
Thiab yog tias tus menyuam mos yug tshiab siv cov vitamin no tseg rau qee lub sijhawm tom qab yug menyuam, tso tseg thaum lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub, tom qab ntawd thaum lub cev loj hlob thiab loj hlob, lub cev xav tau cov khoom tsim nyog rau nws li qub. ua haujlwm.
Ntxiv rau cov vitamin D, cov tshuaj hormones yog cov tswj hwm ntawm cov ntxhia hauv cov metabolism, uas yog cov tshuaj hormones tsim los ntawm cov qog parathyroid (parathormone) thiab cov tshuaj hormones tsim los ntawm C-cells ntawm cov thyroid caj pas (calcitonin).
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog hais tias nrog kev tsim cov tshuaj parathyroid nce ntxiv, cov neeg mob tau pom qhov tshwm sim ntawm hypocalcemia. Cov tshuaj no yog suav tias yog lub ntsiab calcium-sparing hormone. Nws muab cov kev cai raws sij hawm ntawm calcium metabolism, tswj qhov pom kev zoo ntawm cov zaub mov hauv cov ntshav.
Kev tsim cov calcitonin ncaj qha rau cov concentration ntawm calcium hauv cov ntshav. Nws qhov kev txiav txim ncaj qha mus rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm parathyroid hormone. Thaum koj nce qibtheem ntawm calcium nyob rau hauv cov ntshav nce qhov tsim ntawm cov tshuaj no. Yog li, nrog kev txo qis hauv calcium concentration, qhov tso tawm ntawm calcitonin txo qis. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj no yog los tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm lub xeev ntawm hypercalcemia.
Ntxiv rau cov npe tswj hwm, qhov kev siv ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic cuam tshuam los ntawm cov ntsiab lus hauv lub cev ntawm cov kab mob xws li magnesium, txhuas, txhuas, barium, strontium thiab silicon.
Symptomatics
Hauv cov menyuam yaus, kev ua txhaum ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism feem ntau yog nrog hypocalcemia hauv nws ntau yam tshwm sim. Raws li txoj cai, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev hloov pauv no yog kev loj hlob ntawm rickets, provoked los ntawm tsis muaj vitamin D, los yog teeb meem nrog cov txheej txheem metabolic. Muaj tsawg zaus, cov xwm txheej zoo li rickets yog tshwm sim los ntawm keeb kwm ntawm lub raum pathologies, kab mob ntawm lub plab thiab cov hnyuv, cov kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg, nrog rau kev txawv txav hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog parathyroid.
Ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm kev cuam tshuam calcium-phosphorus metabolism hauv cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus yog:
- poob vim poob qab los;
- xeev siab thiab ntuav, qee zaum cem quav nrog mob hauv thaj tsam epigastric;
- qaug zog, tsaug zog, zoo li tsis muaj zog hauv cov leeg;
- lub plawv dhia tsis zoo;
- raum tsis ua haujlwm.
Cov kab mob ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism raws li ICD-10 raug cais raws li hauv chav kawm E83.3 (kev cuam tshuam ntawm phosphorus metabolism) thiab E 83.5 (kev cuam tshuam ntawm calcium metabolism).
theem ntawm rickets
Lub zej zog kho mob txawvob peb theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm rickets. Lawv txawv nyob rau hauv qhov kev puas tsuaj rau cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg thiab ib tug neeg manifestations ntawm mineral metabolism ntshawv siab.
First degree rickets
pib theem ntawm tus kab mob. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij feem ntau, nws tau nrog tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov pob txha pob txha.
Thib ob ntawm rickets
nyuaj los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntau yam. Tshwj xeeb, cov pob txha ntawm lub hauv siab thiab cov ceg, cov pob txha ntawm pob txha taub hau yog deformed (pronounced frontal thiab parietal tubercles tshwm).
Thib peb ntawm rickets
Ntawm cov yam ntxwv tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob nyob rau qib peb ntawm chav kawm, cov hauv qab no yog qhov txawv: tag nrho deformation ntawm pob txha taub hau, hauv siab thiab qis extremities, nrog rau kev sib txawv ntawm lub paj hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev ua txhaum ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism hauv rickets, qee cov neeg mob ua tsis taus pa, palpitations, thiab nce qhov loj ntawm daim siab.
Symptoms of Spasmophilia
Nws tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ob xyoos uas raug kuaj pom tias muaj cov kab mob rickets zoo li hu ua spasmophilia. Xws li kev sib txawv muaj qee cov tsos mob ntawm rickets. Qhov ua rau spasmophilia yog kev ua txhaum ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism, hypofunction ntawm cov qog parathyroid. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob spasmophilia yog ib qho kev nce rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab cov leeg excitability, nrog rau spasms thiab convulsions tshwm sim los ntawm tsis txaus cov calcium nyob rau hauv ib tug loj hlob kab mob. Kev tsis txaus yog suav tias yog qhov ua rau nyuaj rau cov duab kho mob ntawm tus kab mob.tseem ceeb minerals. Cov no suav nrog sodium, magnesium thiab chlorine. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau dhau ntawm cov poov tshuaj, nrog rau qhov tsis muaj vitamin B1, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm qaug dab peg.
Kev tshwm sim ntawm spasmophilia feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, tab sis tuaj yeem pom nyob rau lwm lub sijhawm. Ntxiv nrog rau lub caij nyoog exacerbation, lwm yam kab mob nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias ntawm lub cev, cov kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov cuam tshuam nrog kev tshwm sim ntawm lub plab zom mov, mob hnyav, quaj ntev thiab ntshai tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm spasmophilia. Nws ntseeg tau tias cov xwm txheej zoo li no ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm cov kua qaub-puag tshuav, vim tias lub cev pib muaj kev tsis txaus ntawm qee cov zaub mov.
kev kho mob yooj yim
Kev kho cov phosphorus-calcium metabolism tsis raug txo kom kho cov txheej txheem metabolic, rov ua kom cov vitamin D tsis txaus, tshem tawm cov lus pom ntawm rickets thiab kho cov haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub cev sab hauv. Ntawm cov kev ntsuas uas yuav tsum tau kho muaj xws li kev siv cov tshuaj uas muaj vitamin D, nrog rau lub hnub thiab cua da dej (txhua hnub taug kev li ob mus rau peb teev). Cov hauv qab no yog siv los ua cov txheej txheem ntxiv rau kev kho cov teeb meem ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism:
- khoom noj tshwj xeeb;
- vitamin therapy, uas muaj nyob rau hauv kev npaj muaj cov vitamins ntawm pab pawg B, vitamin A, C, E;
- kho dejthiab massage.
Thaum tsis muaj qhov xav tau ntawm kev kho mob, tus neeg mob yuav raug mus pw hauv tsev kho mob kom kuaj xyuas tob dua.
ntsuas kev tiv thaiv thaum cev xeeb tub
Kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism yog nqa tawm thaum lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub thiab yog raws li hauv qab no:
- xaiv cov khoom noj kom raug, tshem tawm qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov vitamins thiab minerals tseem ceeb;
- ua tiav qhov kev tsis lees paub ntawm tus cwj pwm phem uas ua rau qaug rau lub cev (cawv, haus luam yeeb, tshuaj);
- tiv thaiv kev sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj lom (tshwj xeeb, tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj phom sij);
- kev ua kom lub cev txaus, suav nrog kev taug kev txhua hnub hauv huab cua rau ob peb teev;
- ua raws li kev pom zoo ntawm hnub nrog lub sijhawm so txaus;
- Vitamin D prophylaxis thaum qhia.
Kev tiv thaiv rau menyuam yaus
Tiv thaiv kev ua txhaum ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism hauv thawj xyoo ntawm tus menyuam lub neej muaj nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam cov kev ntsuas hauv qab no:
- pub mis thaum twg ua tau;
- raws sijhawm thiab raug qhia txog cov khoom noj ntxiv;
- taug kev sab nraum zoov txaus, yuav tsum tau kho dej, gymnastics thiab massages;
- yog ua tau pub dawb swaddling ntawm tus menyuam txij thawj hnub ntawm lub neej.
Ntxiv rau, ntxiv nrog cov vitamin D tau pom zoo raws li kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv thiab kho cov calcium-phosphorus metabolism tsis zoo.
