DiGeorge Syndrome: Ua rau, Kev Kho Mob

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DiGeorge Syndrome: Ua rau, Kev Kho Mob
DiGeorge Syndrome: Ua rau, Kev Kho Mob

Video: DiGeorge Syndrome: Ua rau, Kev Kho Mob

Video: DiGeorge Syndrome: Ua rau, Kev Kho Mob
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Kab mob ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob pib kawm tsis ntev los no, vim tias qhov kev tshawb fawb no yog ib qho ntawm cov hluas tshaj plaws hauv tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, ua tsaug rau txoj kev loj hlob sai, niaj hnub no twb muaj ntau qhov kev tshawb pom hauv qhov kev lag luam no. Cov kab mob ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hu ua immunodeficiency states, uas tau muab faib ua thawj thiab theem ob. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm xws li pathologies yog DiGeorge syndrome, uas muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm T-lymphocytes. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv, tus kab mob no tau tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam tsis txaus ntseeg hauv kev txhim kho cov kabmob thiab cov kab ke, pom tau tias twb nyob rau lub sijhawm menyuam mos, thiab qee zaum thaum lub sijhawm kev loj hlob hauv plab.

DiGeorge Syndrome
DiGeorge Syndrome

Mechanism of disease progression

DiGeorge's syndrome yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua tiav lossis ib nrab ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm thymus caj pas (thymus). Cov khoom no yog nyob rau hauv lub hauv siab kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam thiab yog tsim nyog los tsim ib tug cellular tiv thaiv kab mob. Thaum puberty, thymus pib txo qhov loj me thiab hloov mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg adipose. Cov txheej txheem no yog qhov qub thiab tsis yoghais txog pathology. Nrog DiGeorge syndrome, peb tab tom tham txog qhov tsis muaj lub cev ntawm lub cev lossis nws txoj kev loj hlob tsis txaus (hypoplasia). Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tseem ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab tsis ua lawv txoj haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog rau tus kab mob no, tsis muaj cov qog parathyroid, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev sib pauv ntawm calcium thiab phosphorus hauv lub cev, feem ntau pom. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm ntau lub tshuab yog txuam nrog kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab hauv plab thaum cev xeeb tub.

DiGeorge Syndrome: ua rau pathology

Ua rau DiGeorge's Syndrome
Ua rau DiGeorge's Syndrome

Tam sim no tsis muaj kev piav qhia meej tias yog vim li cas thymus aplasia tshwm sim. Feem ntau, nrog rau cov kab mob no, cov kab mob caj ces tshwm sim hauv 22nd chromosome, uas muaj nyob rau hauv qhov poob ntawm ib qho ntawm nws cov seem. Nws ntseeg tau tias qhov kev ua txhaum cai no muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev xeeb tub, txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev xav no tsis tau raug pov thawj. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tsis xws luag hauv 22nd chromosome tsis tau pom hauv txhua tus neeg mob, tab sis tsuas yog hauv 80% ntawm cov neeg mob. Qhov ua rau ntawm DiGeorge syndrome kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog embryonic fetal disorders uas tshwm sim los ntawm pathologies hauv niam. Cov no suav nrog cov kab mob sib kis thaum cev xeeb tub (rubella, qhua pias, herpes), ntshav qab zib mellitus, mob hlwb, thiab lwm yam. Lwm yam ua rau DiGeorge syndrome yog kev tsim txom ntawm cov tshuaj psychoactive (cawv, tshuaj) thiab raug rau cov tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub.

Kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm thymus aplasia

Tus kab mob no tshwm simtwb nyob rau hauv thawj hnub ntawm tus me nyuam lub neej, txij li thaum nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub insufficiency ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, nws yog manifested los ntawm ntau yam malformations. Qhov hnyav tshaj plaws yog lub plawv pathologies, vim qee qhov ntawm lawv tsis sib haum nrog lub neej (Fallot's tetrad). Kev loj hlob tsis zoo tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau txhua lub cev thiab lub cev, tab sis feem ntau DiGeorge syndrome tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no:

  1. Kev mob ntawm lub ntsej muag: txo cov pob txha ntawm pob txha taub hau thiab lub puab tsaig, qhov muag dav dav, kev txhim kho ntawm lub auricles, gothic palate, cleft di ncauj, thiab lwm yam.
  2. Cov pa tsis zoo thiab txoj hlab pas.
  3. Malformations ntawm lub paj hlwb - atrophy ntawm cerebral cortex los yog cerebellum. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem no, muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm gait, paresis thiab tuag tes tuag taw, kev hloov hauv rhiab heev. Lub ntsiab tshwm sim ntawm CNS anomalies yog kev puas hlwb retardation, uas yuav pom nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm ib tug me nyuam lub neej.
  4. Tsis zoo ntawm lub plab zom mov: stenosis thiab atresia.
  5. Pathological pob txha pob txha, nce tus ntiv tes lossis ntiv taw.
  6. Anomalies ntawm qhov muag pom lub cev: strabismus, retinal vascular disorders.
  7. Kev tsis zoo ntawm cov zis.
DiGeorge syndrome yog tus cwj pwm
DiGeorge syndrome yog tus cwj pwm

Cov kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim ib leeg lossis ua ke. Qee qhov xwm txheej, tsis muaj kev loj hlob tsis zoo, thiab DiGeorge's syndrome tsuas muaj nyob rau hauv qhov tsis txaus ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Kev tsis txaus ntawm T-lymphocytes yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev nyiam rau cov kab mob thiab kab mob, cov txheej txheem qog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kab mobtshwm sim los ntawm immunodeficiency, yog tsis zoo amenable rau antibacterial thiab anti-inflammatory kev kho mob. Aplasia ntawm cov qog parathyroid yog tshwm sim los ntawm convulsive mob.

Cov txheej txheem kuaj mob rau tus kab mob

DiGeorge Syndrome Ua rau
DiGeorge Syndrome Ua rau

Kev kuaj mob yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no: muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau rau cov kab mob sib kis, kev loj hlob tsis zoo thiab convulsions. Hauv kev kuaj sim, koj tuaj yeem pom qhov txo qis ntawm cov lymphocytes thiab txo qis ntawm calcium. Txhawm rau kom paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob, nws yuav tsum tau ua cov kev tshawb fawb txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Hauv qhov no, cov kev hloov pauv hauv qab no tau pom: tsis muaj cov lus teb rau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kev kuaj tsis zoo rau kev tsis txaus siab thiab lymphoblastic transformation. Tus naj npawb ntawm B-lymphocytes tsis hloov. Hauv kev kawm txog cov qauv ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tes, lawv qhov kev txo qis hauv kev ua haujlwm tau sau tseg. Ib qho ultrasound ntawm lub hauv siab kab noj hniav qhia qhov tsis tuaj los yog txo cov thymus thiab cov qog parathyroid. Kev kawm txog DNA qauv tso cai rau koj kawm txog cov kev hloov pauv hauv 22nd chromosome.

Kev Kho Mob DiGeorge Syndrome
Kev Kho Mob DiGeorge Syndrome

DiGeorge Syndrome: kev kho mob ntawm pathology

Kev kho mob ntawm pathology nyob ntawm qib ntawm kev ua txhaum cai. Thaum tsis tiav ntawm thymus, kev hloov pauv hauv nruab nrog cev tau qhia. Kev kho phais yog tsim nyog rau qhov ua tsis tau zoo ntawm lub cev thiab lub cev. Nrog rau chav kawm tsis yooj yim ntawm tus kab mob thiab tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg loj, kev saib xyuas kev kho mob raug sau tseg. Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb yog immunostimulants. Thoob plaws hauv lub neej, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los them nyiaj rau qhov tsis muaj calcium hauv lub cev. NtawmCov kab mob kis tau zoo yog kev kho mob: tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob. Ntxiv nrog rau kev noj tshuaj, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum zam kom tsis txhob muaj kev kub ntxhov, kev ntxhov siab thiab lwm yam tsis zoo.

di georgie syndrome yees duab
di georgie syndrome yees duab

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm thymus aplasia

DiGeorge Syndrome yog qhov txaus ntshai vim nws muaj ntau yam teeb meem. Cov neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob no muaj feem xyuam rau cov txheej txheem qog, cov txheej txheem sib kis loj heev. Feem ntau qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus mob syndrome yog kev loj hlob ntawm autoimmune kab mob. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias tus neeg mob lub cev perceives nws lub hlwb raws li txawv teb chaws neeg sawv cev thiab pib tawm tsam lawv. Yog li ntawd, cov kab mob xws li kab mob lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, thiab rheumatoid mob caj dab tshwm sim. Nrog rau kev loj hlob tsis zoo, cov teeb meem hauv qab no tuaj yeem pom: kev puas hlwb, tuag tes tuag taw, dig muag. Nrog rau tus mob convulsive, ua pa tsis ua haujlwm yuav tshwm sim vim asphyxia.

Kev Ntsuas rau DiGeorge Syndrome

Nrog rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis txaus thiab pom qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub ntsej muag pob txha taub hau, kev kuaj mob tau tsim: DiGeorge syndrome. Cov duab ntawm cov neeg raug tus kab mob no tuaj yeem pom hauv cov ntaub ntawv kho mob tshwj xeeb. Nrog rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tsos mob no, kev kwv yees rau lub neej feem ntau yog qhov tsis zoo, txij li kev loj hlob tsis zoo qhia txog kev mob hnyav ntawm pathology. Feem ntau, cov menyuam yaus uas raug mob los ntawm DiGeorge syndrome tsis nyob txog 10 xyoo vim muaj kab mob loj heev lossis mob oncological. Thaum twgCov chav kawm me me, qhov tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo thiab kev kho kom zoo, qhov kev cia siab yuav zoo.

Kev Tiv Thaiv DiGeorge Syndrome

Tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv tus kabmob no. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev ua txhaum ntawm embryonic txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam hauv plab, niam expectant yuav tsum txwv tsis pub muaj kev ntxhov siab, tso tseg tus cwj pwm phem, thiab tseem tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob thiab kab mob. Kev loj hlob anomalies tuaj yeem kuaj pom ntawm lub phiaj xwm ultrasound, uas yog ua nyob rau hauv txhua lub peb hlis ntuj ntawm cev xeeb tub.

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