Kev kho cov txheej txheem kev nyuaj siab tsis ua tiav yam tsis muaj kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab, uas suav nrog cov tshuaj "Clofranil". Cov lus qhia pom zoo siv nws los tshem tawm ntau yam phobias, mob syndromes.
Tshuaj piav qhia
Cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm cov tshuaj yog clomipramine hydrochloride. Tsim los ntawm Indian tuam txhab "Tshav Pharmaceutical Industries" nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm xiav round ntsiav tshuaj nrog lub plhaub txheej.
Cov tshuaj noj yog 0.025 g ntawm clomipramine hydrochloride.
Mechanism of action
Cov tshuaj "Clofranil" cov lus qhia rau kev siv yog hais txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab nrog cov qauv tricyclic. Nrog nws kev koom tes, thymoanaleptic kev ua si yog nqa tawm nrog ib tug psychostimulating, anxiolytic, alpha-adrenergic inhibitory thiab sedative nyhuv. Cov cuab yeej tom kawg tuaj yeem ua tau vim muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog H1-histamine receptors.
Sib txawv analgesic, histamine-blocking thiab antiserotonin teebmeem. Tshem tawm cov zis tawm ntawm cov zis thaum hmo ntuj, suppresses lub siab xav noj.
Qhia tawm cov teebmeem anticholinergic ntawm peripheral thiab hauv nruab nrab qhov xwm txheej, tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib txuas nrog choline-dependent receptor formations.
Cov tshuaj "Clofranil" yog hais txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xws li quinidine, thaiv cov tshuaj sodium. Cov koob tshuaj kho mob ntawm clomipramine inhibit kev ua haujlwm hauv lub plawv ntawm lub plawv.
Kev tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab tshwm sim vim qhov nce ntawm norepinephrine theem ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm cov neurons thiab cov ntsiab lus serotonin hauv lub paj hlwb. Cov neurotransmitters sib sau ua ke vim qhov tseeb tias cov membranes ntawm presynaptic neurons tsawg dua reuptake.
Kev siv sijhawm ntev ua rau txo qis hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv serotonin-hom thiab beta-adrenergic receptor formations nyob rau hauv lub hlwb, pab txhawb rau normalization ntawm adrenergic thiab serotonergic hloov mus, thiab restores tshuav nyiaj li cas nyob rau hauv lub system uas tau chim siab los ntawm kev nyuaj siab. kev tshwm sim. Cov ntsiav tshuaj Clofranil pab tiv nrog psychomotor retardation, kev nyuaj siab mus ob peb vas, ntxhov siab vim.
Kev ua kom mob plab yog tshwm sim thaum theem monoamine hloov pauv hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub paj hlwb.
Anxiolytic kev txiav txim tshwm sim nrog txo qis ntawm cov nucleus hauv lub hlwb, uas tswj hwm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm beta- thiab alpha2-adrenergic hom receptors, nrog rau norepinephrine ncig.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab tau pom lawm 7 hnub tom qab pib kho. Clomipraminepiv nrog imipramine, cov nyhuv psychostimulating raug txo, thiab thaum piv nrog amitriptyline, nws cov kev ua sedative yuav tsawg dua.
Vim li cas
Tshuaj "Clofranil" cov lus qhia rau kev siv pom zoo siv thaum muaj kev nyuaj siab ntawm ntau yam kev loj hlob, txawv ntawm qee cov tsos mob.
Cov tshuaj yog muab rau ib tus mob ntawm tus cwj pwm kev nyuaj siab, uas nrog cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob schizophrenic, mob ntev, kab mob hauv lub cev thiab tus cwj pwm txawv. Lawv raug kho nrog cov txheej txheem presenile thiab senile, nrog rau lawv qhov tshwm sim thaum yau.
Tshuaj "Clofranil" cov lus qhia rau kev siv, daim duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no, qhia txog kev siv cov kab mob sib xyaws-obsessive cuam tshuam nrog phobias, nrog kev ntshai ntawm kev ntshai, mob ib ntus hauv oncology, migraine, kab mob rheumatic.
Nws pab nrog kev puas tsuaj tom qab herpetic paj hlwb ntawm lub periphery, post-traumatic thiab peripheral neuropathy, narcolepsy, catalepsy. Cov tshuaj tau noj los tiv thaiv mob taub hau thiab mob migraine.
Yuav siv li cas
Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj, cov tshuaj Clofranil tau pom zoo siv thaum noj lossis tom qab noj mov kom txo qis kev ua xua rau cov mucous ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv plab.
Cov tshuaj tsawg yog siv rau kev kho mob, cov cai no siv tau rau cov neeg laus thiab cov hluas.
Kev nyuaj siab, obsessive kab mob-compulsive thiab ntau yam phobias yog kho nrog ib koob tshuaj ntawm 0.025 g rau 3 koob tshuaj ib hnub twg. Hauv thawj lub lim tiam, koob tshuaj txhua hnub nce ntxiv, los ntawm 0.100 mus rau 0.150 g ib hnub twg, yog tias tsim nyog, txawm tias siv ntau dua. Thaum tus mob zoo lawm, lawv hloov mus rau kev kho mob, uas yog li ntawm 0.050 mus rau 0.100 g ntawm cov tshuaj.
Narcolepsy nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm catalepsy raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj nrog ib koob tshuaj txhua hnub ntawm 0.025 txog 0.075 g ntawm clomipramine. Kev mob ntev yog kho nrog ib koob tshuaj txhua hnub ntawm 0.100 mus rau 0.150 g, uas yog ua ke nrog cov tshuaj analgesics concomitant, tus naj npawb ntawm cov tom kawg tuaj yeem txo qis.
Txhawm rau tshem tawm kev tawm tsam ntawm kev ntshai, thawj zaug siv 0.010 g ntawm cov tshuaj ib hnub, uas tuaj yeem ua ke nrog benzodiazepine. Yog tias cov tshuaj tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo, ces nws cov nyiaj tau nce mus txog thaum cov kev hloov pauv zoo tshwm sim. Tom qab ntawd ua kom maj mam tshem tawm cov tshuaj benzodiazepine. Kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj "Clofranil" cov lus qhia qhia kom tshem tawm tsuas yog rau lub hlis tom qab thiab tsis ntxov dua. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, kev txo qis hauv kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau ua.
Thaum muaj hnub nyoog laus, kev kho mob tau muab tshuaj txhua hnub ntawm 0.010 g. Tom qab ntawd, rau 10 hnub, cov tshuaj tau nce mus rau qib siab, uas yog li ntawm 0.030 txog 0.050 g. Cov tshuaj no yog siv. thoob plaws txoj kev kho.
Tsis xav tau qhov tshwm sim
Zoo li txhua yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab, Clofranil tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv. Anticholinergic nyhuv yog manifested los ntawm ib tug fuzzy pom kev, paresisCov menyuam kawm ntawv dilated, nce siab nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag, nce contractions ntawm lub plawv, lub qhov ncauj qhuav, tsis meej pem, delirium, cem quav, plab hnyuv ob leeg ntawm ib tug tuag tes tuag taw xwm, nyuaj tso zis, me hws.
Kev hloov pauv hauv lub paj hlwb yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tsaug zog, asthenic txheej txheem uas ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab, ntxhov siab, ntxhov siab, tsis xis nyob, hloov pauv manic lossis hypomanic. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev mob tshwm sim tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua phem, nco lapses, depersonalization, tsis mloog, insomnia, npau suav phem, asthenia.
Cov kev xav tsis zoo ntawm lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov siab ntawm qhov ntswg lossis kev hloov ntawm lub plawv dhia, qhov sib tsoo ntawm qhov pom ntawm orthostatic, kev ua tsis tiav hauv lub ventricles, siab volatility.
Txhais tau hais tias "Clofranil" cov lus qhia rau kev siv piav qhia txog kev hloov pauv hauv lub plab zom mov, uas tau qhia los ntawm xeev siab, icteric kab mob siab, kub siab, mob plab, nce lossis txo qis kev xav noj, stomatitis, teeb meem hniav, kev hloov hauv saj nyiam, blackening nplaig nto.
Cov kab mob Hormonal yog qhov tshwm sim los ntawm o ntawm cov noob qes, kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog mammary hauv cov txiv neej thiab kev nce hauv cov poj niam, kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau ntawm prolactin, galactorrhea, qis lossis siab xav deev, tsis muaj zog, hyper- lossis hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, tsis txaus tso tawm ntawm antidiuretic hormone.
Hloov ua haujlwm ntawm hematopoieticCov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev yog txuam nrog kev txo qis ntawm cov leukocyte thiab platelet cov qe ntshav, purpura, nce ntawm cov eosinophils.
Kev tsis haum tshuaj yuav tshwm sim hauv daim tawv nqaij pob khaus, ntshai tsam ultraviolet hluav taws xob, angioedema.
Cov kev mob tshwm sim muaj xws li cov plaub hau poob ntawm lub taub hau, petechiae, sov lossis txias, tso zis los yog nce ntau zaus, cov ntshav tsis muaj protein ntau, kub taub hau thiab kub taub hau.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj tam sim ntawd, xeev siab, ntuav, plab zom mov, mob taub hau, qaug zog, pw tsis tsaug zog, npau suav tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Maj mam txo cov koob tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg chim siab, ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog.
Cov me nyuam
Obsessive-compulsive syndrome yog kho nrog thawj koob tshuaj ntawm 0.0125 g. Rau 14 hnub, maj mam nce ntxiv hauv cov ntsiab lus, suav nrog kev ua siab ntev ntawm cov tshuaj. Qhov koob tshuaj txhua hnub tom qab 2 lub lis piam yog sib npaug rau 0.100 g lossis suav los ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm tus menyuam, thaum txhua 1 kg ntawm qhov hnyav muaj 0.003 g ntawm cov tshuaj nquag. 14 hnub tom ntej no yog nrog los ntawm kev nce qib ntawm cov tshuaj mus rau 0.200 g los yog rov xam los ntawm qhov hnyav.
Kev teem sijhawm ntawm Clofranil rau cov menyuam yaus tsim nyog tau txais kev tshuaj xyuas zoo hauv kev kho mob nocturnal enuresis. Kev kho thawj zaug yog nqa tawm nrog ib koob tshuaj txhua hnub ntawm 0.020-0.030 g rau cov hnub nyoog 5 txog 8 xyoo, rau cov tub ntxhais hluas hnub nyoog 9 txog 12 xyoos, 0.025-0.050 g yog siv; tom qab 12 xyoosxaiv 0.025-0.075
nce koob tshuaj yog ua los ntawm cov neeg mob uas tsis pab cov tshuaj txhua 7 hnub tom qab kho. Tag nrho cov koob tshuaj txhua hnub ntawm cov tshuaj tau muab rau haus hauv ib daim ntawv thov thaum yav tsaus ntuj tom qab noj mov. Nrog kev tso zis tsis tuaj yeem nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj thaum pw tsaug zog, ib nrab ntawm cov tshuaj tau muab rau haus txog li 17 teev. Thaum qhov kev xav tau ua tiav, cov tshuaj tsis raug rho tawm li ntawm 90 hnub, thaum lub sijhawm cov tshuaj maj mam txo qis.
YClofranil tshuaj, analogues
Muaj ntau ntau cov tshuaj clomipramine hydrochloride uas tau txiav txim siab hloov pauv tau.
Ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj no yog Italian tshuaj Anafranil, uas yog tsim los ntawm Novartis Pharma. Nws kuj tseem hu ua tricyclic antidepressants. Cov tshuaj psychotropic no yog siv los kho cov txheej txheem kev nyuaj siab thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws. Cov tshuaj "Clofranil" thiab "Anafranil" muaj cov khoom xyaw nquag clomipramine nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm hydrochloride ntsev.
Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj tso tawm tsis tu ncua thiab txuas ntxiv. Nws cov koob tshuaj yooj yim yog 0.025 g, thiab retard suav nrog 0.075 g ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag. Cov ntsiav tshuaj tsis tu ncua muaj lub teeb daj qab zib plhaub. Daim ntawv ntev ntawm cov tshuaj muaj cov xim liab.
Muaj cov tshuaj ua kua, uas yog sawv cev los ntawm kev daws cov tshuaj intramuscular thiab intravenous tswj ntawm 2 ml. Qhov ntau npaum ntawm cov tshuaj "Anafranil" yog 0.025 gclomipramine hydrochloride, uas yog yaj hauv dej tsis huv thiab glycerin.
Lwm cov tshuaj zoo sib xws yog Clomipramine, uas tuaj hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj rau kev siv qhov ncauj. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov mucous membrane ntawm lub plab zom mov, lawv tau coated. Qhov koob tshuaj yog 0.025 g ntawm clomipramine hydrochloride. Txhawm rau xaiv nws, "25" raug ntaus rau ntawm txhua lub ntsiav tshuaj. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj yog tsom rau kev tawm tsam kev nyuaj siab. Cov tshuaj yog dominated los ntawm psychostimulating, thymoleptic thiab sedative kev ua si. Qhov kev ua haujlwm tom kawg yog cuam tshuam nrog kev thaiv qhov rov ua dua ntawm cov neuronal serotonin molecules, uas txhim kho lub siab ntawm tus neeg mob.
Nws yog siv los kho cov txheej txheem kev nyuaj siab, uas tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam laj thawj. Cov tshuaj kho tau zoo nrog kev puas siab puas ntsws, schizophrenia, phobias, kev ntxhov siab ntawm kev xav tsis zoo, cataplexy, narcolepsy. Rau cov menyuam yaus tom qab 5 xyoos, nws raug sau tseg kom tshem tawm kev pw tsaug zog.
Hauv cov tshuaj "Clofranil" analogues yuav muaj cov tshuaj nquag uas tsis yog clomipramine hydrochloride. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj "Soneks" nyob rau hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj cov active ingredient zopiclone, uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv ib koob ntawm 0.0075 g. Cov tshuaj ua rau qhov pib ntawm pw tsaug zog, muaj ib tug calming, anticonvulsant thiab cov leeg nqaij relaxant nyhuv. Qhov zoo ntawm Clofranil thiab Sonex yog lawv cov khoom sedative.
Tsim los ntawm Belarusian kws tshuaj tuam txhab Rubicon LLC hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj biconvex nrog dawbplhaub txheej thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo rau halving. Nws yog siv los kho mob pw tsaug zog hnyav, nrog rau qhov xwm txheej thiab kev pw tsaug zog ib ntus.
Drug "Truxal"
suav tias yog lwm qhov zoo sib xws raws li chlorprothixene hydrochloride, uas yog thioxanthene derivative. Tsim los ntawm Danish tuam txhab AO Lundbeck. Cov tshuaj belongs rau cov tshuaj antipsychotic uas muaj antipsychotic, pronounced sedative thiab nruab nrab antidepressant kev ua.
Muaj plaub qhov tshuaj noj: 0.005, 0.015, 0.025 thiab 0.050 grams. Thawj peb koob tshuaj muaj xws li xim av, biconvex thiab round plhaub-coated ntsiav tshuaj units. Cov koob tshuaj ntau tshaj yog nthuav tawm raws li cov ntsiav tshuaj oval nrog biconvex nto.
Antipsychotic kev ua haujlwm yog ua los ntawm inhibition ntawm dopamine receptor formations. Nrog kev thaiv ntawm cov cheeb tsam no, cov nyhuv antiemetic thiab analgesic ntawm cov tshuaj tshwm sim. Cov tshuaj inhibits 5-HT2-receptor koom haum, α1-adreno- thiab H1-histamine-dependent receptors, uas ua rau adrenoblocking, antihistamine kev ua haujlwm.
Cov tshuaj tau muab cais ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev puas siab puas ntsws uas muaj cov nyhuv sedative, uas yog npaj rau kev kho mob ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws, schizophrenic thiab vwm tawm tsam.
Nws yog siv los tshem tawm cov menyuam yaus cov kev coj cwj pwm txawv, kom kov yeej cov tsos mob ntawm kev haus cawv thiab kev quav yeeb tshuaj, tiv thaiv kev ua siab phem, kev chim siab, tsis meej pem hauv senilelaus.
Cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev hloov pauv kev nyuaj siab, pw tsaug zog, neurosis.
Ua ke nrog cov tshuaj analgesic, Truxal tshem tawm cov txheej txheem mob.
Kev sib piv ntawm Clofranil nrog analogues
Qhov ze tshaj plaws hauv kev ua thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg yog cov tshuaj "Anafranil" hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj tso tawm tsis tu ncua. Kev noj cov tshuaj retard nrog rau ntau npaum li cas ntawm 0.075 grams thiab kev daws rau intramuscular thiab intravenous siv tsis tuaj yeem muab piv nrog Indian antidepressant, vim nws tsis muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no.
Ntau tus neeg mob raug tsim txom los ntawm cov lus nug: Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Clofranil thiab Anafranil? Ua ntej tshaj plaws, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom xyaw uas tsis muaj zog. Lub xub ntiag nyob rau hauv Indian tshuaj ntawm ci ntsa iab xiav, sodium carboxymethyl starch, hypromellose 2910, macrogol 6000, uas tsis yog nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj Italian, qhia qhov txawv ntawm ob analogues. Cov khoom xyaw hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj Anafranil tau hloov nrog stearic acid, glycerol 85%, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ib copolymer ntawm vinylpyrrolidone thiab vinyl acetate, crystalline sucrose, polyvinylpyrrolidone K30, daj hlau oxide 5%, titanium dioxide,00.
Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov mis nyuj qab zib hauv ob qho tib si kev npaj txhim kho bioavailability ntawm cov khoom nquag. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov muaj lactose ua rau lawv tsis haum rau cov neeg uas muaj lactose intolerant.
Cov khoom xyaw sib txawv ntawm ob qho piv txwv hloov lub zog ntawm kev nkag mus, nqus,cuam tshuam thiab tshem tawm ntawm clomipramine hydrochloride los ntawm lub cev. Lawv kuj yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev txhim kho txhua yam kev mob tshwm sim. Qhov txawv ntawm Anafranil thiab Clofranil cuam tshuam rau tus nqi. Cov tshuaj Italian raug nqi me ntsis ntau dua li cov neeg Indian.
Yog tias peb piv qhov twg muaj zog dua: "Truxal" lossis "Clofranil", ces nws ntseeg tau tias thawj cov tshuaj muaj zog sedative, sedative thiab inhibitory nyhuv, uas tso cai rau koj kov yeej ntau yam kev puas siab puas ntsws.
Raws li cov txheej txheem ntawm kev cuam tshuam, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev puas siab puas ntsws txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab heev. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj "Truxan" yog aimed ntawm suppressing pathological kev puas siab puas ntsws kev ua si, txo cov kev ua hauj lwm ntawm neurotransmitter tshuaj. Nrog kev pab ntawm cov tshuaj "Clofranil" lawv txoj haujlwm yog txhim kho thiab txhawb nqa.
Kev tso tawm ntawm dopamine yog suppressed los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev puas hlwb, thiab raug rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab txhim kho cov tshuaj no.
Patient opinions
Txog cov tshuaj "Clofranil" tshuaj xyuas tuaj yeem hnov qhov txawv. Rau ntau tus neeg mob kev nyuaj siab, qhov kev kho no pab tshem tawm cov kev xav tsis zoo thiab xav tsis thoob, muaj kev xyiv fab hauv lub neej.
Lwm tus neeg tau muab tshuaj rau kev haus cawv nrog kev puas siab puas ntsws loj. Tom qab kawm tiav ntawm cov tshuaj, tus neeg mob rov qab mus rau qhov txaus, nyob twj ywm, sib npaug lub xeev, kev ua phem ploj mus.
Ntawm cov tshuaj "Clofranil" cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj xyuas muaj ob qho tib si zoo thiab tsis zoo. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias hauvNtu "Kev Tsis Txaus Siab" muaj cov npe loj ntawm cov kev tsis zoo uas yuav tshwm sim thaum kho. Hauv kev xyaum, ntau tus kws kho mob nco ntsoov qhov ua siab ntev ntawm cov tshuaj no, qhov tseem ceeb yog xaiv cov koob tshuaj kom raug thiab kho nws raws sijhawm yog tias tsim nyog.
Kev tshuaj xyuas zoo ntawm Clofranil cuam tshuam nrog kev tshwm sim ntawm nws cov txiaj ntsig raws sijhawm, uas tau tshaj tawm los ntawm cov chaw tsim tshuaj. Kuj txaus siab nrog nws muaj nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus nyiaj txiag. Cov tshuaj pib ua tom qab ib lub lim tiam txij li thaum pib siv, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob.
Qhov tsis zoo yog tias kev kho mob nrog tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem tso tseg tam sim ntawd, tab sis yuav tsum tau ua kom txo qis ntawm cov tshuaj.
Cov neeg mob uas muaj kev ntxhov siab tsis txaus ntseeg muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau ntxiv nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev kho. Cov yam ntxwv zoo li no tshwm sim thawj hnub, thiab tom qab ntawd txo qis tom qab ob lub lis piam.
