Mob khaub thuas ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem, ib qho uas yuav yog sinusitis. Yog tias nws tsis kho raws sijhawm, nws yuav mob ntev. Yuav kho sinusitis li cas? Kev kho mob thiab tshuaj siv hauv kev kho mob yuav piav qhia hauv qab no.
Vim li cas peb thiaj xav tau paranasal sinuses?
Nkauj hmoob zoo li cas, sawv daws paub los ntawm cov duab. Tab sis nws cov qauv yog qhov nyuaj dua li nws yuav zoo li thaum xub thawj siab ib muag. Piv txwv li, qhov tseeb hais tias muaj kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag cov pob txha ntawm pob txha taub hau, hu ua maxillary sinuses, yog paub, tej zaum, tsuas yog rau cov neeg uas tau ntsib sinusitis. Tus kab mob no ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau, vim nws cuam tshuam rau kev ua pa. Cov tshuaj dab tsi rau sinusitis yuav pab daws qhov teeb meem sai thiab ua tau zoo?
Symptoms of sinusitis
Kab mob ntawm cov kab mob ua pa sab saud muaj ntau heev rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus. Qhov ntswg qhov ntswg lossis qhov ntswg yog ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm kev noj qab haus huv. Ntau tus, ua raws li cov lus hais tias yog tsis kho qhov ntswg qhov ntswg, ces nws yuav dhau mus rau 7 hnub, thiab yog tias kho, tom qab ntawd hauv ib lub lis piam, ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov zoo. Kev kho mob ntawm qhov teeb meem no, nyiam siv vasoconstrictors uas tshem tawm cov congestion thiab nres qhov ntws ntawm cov hnoos qeev.
Tab sis cov txheej txheem no tsis yog kev kho, tab sis tsuas yog ua haujlwm kom tshem tawm cov tsos mob. Feem ntau cov tshwm sim ntawm xws li ib tug cwj pwm mus rau tus mob khaub thuas ua sinusitis. Txawm li cas los xij, tus kab mob inflammatory no yuav muaj lwm yam ua rau. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm qhov teeb meem sinus uas kab cov mucous txheej yog:
- mob qhov ntswg congestion;
- hloov lub suab - nws ua ntxhib, lag ntseg;
- tsis hnov tsw thiab saj;
- mob taub hau uas tuaj yeem txav mus rau lub puab tsaig sab sauv, hauv pliaj; lawv haj yam ua rau lub taub hau rau pem hauv ntej thiab rau sab;
- O. OFF rau ntawm tus choj ntawm lub qhov ntswg, hauv pliaj, sab plhu.
tso tawm ntawm lub qhov ntswg yuav tsis yog ib qho cim ntawm sinusitis, vim hais tias qee zaum cov mucosa o ntau heev uas nws thaiv qhov tawm ntawm qhov zais cia los ntawm paranasal sinuses. Tab sis yog tias muaj qhov ntswg qhov ntswg nrog sinusitis, ces cov paug tawm yuav muaj xim ntsuab lossis daj-ntsuab. Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua kom qhov kub thiab txias mus txog 38 degrees, pw tsaug zog tsis txaus, tsis nco qab, nkees thiab qaug zog.
Kev kho mob nyuaj yuav luag ib txwm suav nrog tshuaj tua kab mob rau sinusitis. Rau cov neeg laus, lub npe ntawm cov tshuaj (cov ntsiav tshuaj lossis txhaj tshuaj) yuav raug ceeb toom los ntawm tus kws kho mob. Rau cov menyuam yaus, pawg tshuaj no yuav tsum tau muab sau rau hauv tus account cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob tsim, uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas los ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb saib xyuas tus menyuam. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv pawg tshuajsuav nrog tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj vasoconstrictor. Qee cov neeg mob yuav raug pom zoo tshuaj antihistamines. Muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov kab mob no thiab txhais tau tias ntxuav lub qhov ntswg los ntawm cov kab mob zais cia.
Azithromycin
Muaj ntau cov tshuaj uas pab tua cov kab mob pathogenic niaj hnub no. Lawv qhov ntau yog dav, ntau ntawm lawv yog siv los kho ntau yam kab mob. Azithromycin yog ib hom tshuaj tua kab mob nrov rau sinusitis hauv cov laus. Cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj nrog cov tshuaj nquag no yuav raug ceeb toom los ntawm tus kws kho mob. Azithromycin belongs rau pawg pharmacological ntawm macrolides thiab azalides. Cov tshuaj no muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kab mob gram-positive thiab gram-negative kab mob, anaerobes, mycobacteria, ureoplasma. Nws muaj cov nyhuv ntawm thawj lub voj voog, uas yog, dhau los ntawm daim siab thawj zaug, azithromycin thiab nws cov metabolites khaws lawv cov kev kho mob. Nws yooj yim nkag mus rau txhua lub cev thiab cov ntaub so ntswg, vim nws muaj peev xwm dhau los ntawm cov kab mob histohematic. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm azithromycin yog tias nws muaj zog nyob rau hauv kev tsom ntawm tus kab mob ntau dua li lwm cov ntaub so ntswg. Cov tshuaj nto moo tshaj plaws nrog cov khoom xyaw no yog Sumamed, Azitral, Hemomycin. Generic "Azithromycin" yog tsim los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab tshuaj, ntxiv cov npe tshuaj rau lub npe, piv txwv li, "Azithromycin-Akrikhin". Yam tshuaj twg thiab hom tshuaj twg xaiv, tus kws kho mob yuav qhia.
YCephalosporins
Muaj tshuajnrog sinusitis, lawv muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua ib qho active tivthaiv, vim hais tias nws yog feem ntau pathogenic cov kab mob uas ua rau tus kab mob. Lwm cov tshuaj siv hauv otolaryngology yog cephalosporin. Es tsis txhob, nyob rau hauv lub npe no, tag nrho pawg ntawm plaub tiam ntawm cephalosporin tshuaj tua kab mob yog ua ke. Yog li, piv txwv li, cefuroxime axetil ua haujlwm hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj lossis granules rau kev npaj ntawm Zinnat ncua kev kawm ntawv. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob no belongs rau tiam II ntawm cephalosporins thiab ua haujlwm tawm tsam gram-positive thiab gram-negative aerobes thiab anaerobes. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb uas sau cov tshuaj no yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qee cov kab mob tsis nkag siab rau cov tshuaj no, thiab kev kho mob tsuas yog ua rau tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.
Kev npaj rau sinusitis hauv cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam yaus nrog cefditoren nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj cov nyhuv tshuaj. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob no yog ib tiam thib peb cephalosporin. Cov tshuaj nrov tshaj plaws raws li nws yog Spectracef, tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj ntawm 200 lossis 400 mg. Cov tshuaj no inhibits synthesis ntawm cov kab mob hlwb, uas ua rau lawv tuag. Tab sis, txawm hais tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho cov kab mob kab mob, nws tsis tuaj yeem pab yog tias cov kab mob tiv taus cov tshuaj nquag. Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj tom qab kuaj tus neeg mob.
tshuaj tua kab mob sib xyaw
Raws li ntau tus neeg nyob deb ntawm cov tshuaj ntseeg, tsuas yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav pab kho cov kab mob sinusitis kom zoo, thiab cov tshuaj siv tau zoo tshaj plaws yuav tsum muaj cov tshuaj zoo li no. Tab sis tsis tsim nyog nwstsis nco qab tias kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob, kab mob thiab lawv cov teeb meem yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tom qab kuaj pom tau zoo. Kev lag luam kws tshuaj tso tawm ntau cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke ntawm pawg tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm lub khw muag tshuaj.
Piv txwv li, "Amoxiclav", uas cov khoom xyaw nquag yog ob yam tshuaj - amoxicillin thiab clavulanic acid. Ua kom sib xyaw ua ke, lawv ua cov kab mob tua kab mob ntawm sinusitis thiab sinusitis. Cov tshuaj uas tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem pom zoo yog Flemoklav-Solutab, Augmentin, Panklav. Cov tshuaj no yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm capsules uas yaj nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv, thiab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ncua kev kawm ntawv, feem ntau yog muab rau cov me nyuam raws li lub hnub nyoog yam ntxwv.
Tshuaj tua kab mob
Yuav kom kho qhov mob, tsis tas siv tshuaj tua kab mob. Piv txwv li, qee cov tshuaj rau sinusitis ntawm lub qhov ntswg yog nyob rau hauv cov kws tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog Miramistin thiab Okomistin. Cov no yog cov ntaub ntawv ua kua uas muaj cov khoom ua haujlwm xws li tshuaj lom neeg xws li benzyldimethyl [3-(myristoylamino) propyl] ammonium chloride monohydrate. Cov tshuaj no muaj cov nyhuv antimicrobial, ntse tua cov kab mob uas tiv taus cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Tso cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kua. Thaum ua qhov puncture ntawm maxillary sinuses, cov tshuaj yog siv los ntxuav lawv. Raws li ib tug contraindication rau kev kho nrog qhov notsuas yog ib tug neeg intolerance ua ib yam khoom.
Silver Proteinate
Rau ntau tus neeg mob, kev kho mob ntawm sinusitis dhau los ua ib ntus ntev. Cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws pab daws qhov teeb meem no zoo, tab sis tsis tas li nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv. Cov ntaub ntawv qib siab ntawm tus kab mob no yuav xav tau yuav luag txhua lub neej siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb los ntxuav cov kab mob paranasal thiab qhov ntswg kab noj hniav. Ib qho ntawm cov neeg sawv cev, kuj yog cov pab pawg ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, yog nyiaj proteinate. Raws li nws, cov tshuaj "Protargol", "Sialor" yog tsim. Silver ions, uas yog ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj, khi rau DNA ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic uas ua rau cov kab mob hauv lub qhov ntswg, uas cuam tshuam rau lub neej voj voog thiab ua rau lawv tuag. Hmoov tsis zoo, cov tshuaj "Protargol" tsuas yog tuaj yeem yuav hauv cov tuam tsev ntawm cov khw muag tshuaj uas muaj lawv tus kheej cov tshuaj, txij li lub txee lub neej ntawm cov tshuaj no tsuas yog 3-5 hnub. "Sialor" yog ib qho kev lag luam analogue ntawm "Protargol" nrog lub txee lub neej txog li 30 hnub, nws muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj rau kev npaj cov tshuaj.
Kev ua xua
Tshuaj rau sinusitis tsis yog ib txwm siv tshuaj tua kab mob lossis tshuaj tua kab mob. Rau ntau tus neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev ua xua, sinusitis dhau los ua tus khub tas li ntawm lub neej. Thiab cov tshuaj antihistamines pab daws qhov teeb meem no. Piv txwv li, kev npaj raws li chlorpyramine tau siv rau hauv kev kho mob ntev. Sib nrug los ntawm generic nws tus kheej hu ua los ntawm lub npeCov tshuaj nquag, txhua tus paub cov tshuaj rau kev ua xua, uas yog hu ua "Suprastin". Cov tshuaj no blocks histamine receptors, vim hais tias nws tsis muaj zog lub secretory muaj nuj nqi ntawm lub mucosa, muaj ib tug me ntsis antispasmodic thiab hypnotic nyhuv. Antihistamines rau kev kho mob ntawm sinusitis tsuas yog pom zoo los ntawm tus kws kho mob coj tus neeg mob, teem lub regimen thiab lub sij hawm ntawm cov tshuaj.
Oxymetazoline
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm sinusitis yog ua tsis taus pa los ntawm lub qhov ntswg, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm o ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias thiab nce secretion ntawm mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm lub maxillary sinuses thiab qhov ntswg. Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev muag tshuaj feem ntau hnov cov lus nug ntawm cov tshuaj dab tsi tuaj yeem siv rau sinusitis los txhim kho kev ua pa. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab nyiaj ntsig txog pawg kws tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab alpha-adrenergic agonists. Lawv txwv cov hlab ntsha, txo qhov o ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias, uas pab daws qhov ntswg congestion thiab txo cov secretory secretions. Ib qho ntawm cov thawj coj hauv cov npe dav dav ntawm cov tshuaj no yog nyob ntawm oxymetazoline. Nws yog tus uas ua raws li ib tug active tivthaiv nyob rau hauv xws li zoo-paub tshuaj uas txo qhov ntswg congestion, xws li Nazol, Nazivin, Afrin, Rinostop, Viks-Active. Muag tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm sinusitis thiab los ntswg qhov ntswg, ua kom lub qhov ntswg ua pa, tsis muaj ib tug kws kho mob cov tshuaj. Tab sis noj lawv yam tsis muaj kev qhia tshwj xeeb thiab teem caij rau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, nrog rau lub sijhawm ntev, tsis pom zoo.
YXylometazoline
Tsis ntev dhau los qhov kev nrhiav tshaj plawsKev npaj rau kev kho mob ntawm sinusitis nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus thiab cov me nyuam yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm xylometazoline. Nws kuj yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas ua rau vasoconstriction nyob rau hauv mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm qhov ntswg thiab paranasal sinuses. Nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm cov tshuaj no, koj yuav nrhiav tau ntau yam tshuaj siv nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm sinusitis - "Galazolin", "Xymelin", "Tizin", "Xilen", "Dlyanos". Cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tsis txhob siv ntau tshaj 5 hnub, vim lawv ua rau cov mucosa ua rau muaj kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj, ua rau nws tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo yam tsis muaj kev siv tshuaj. Qee cov tshuaj no tau siv rau ntau xyoo lawm, thaum lwm tus tsuas yog tau txais kev nyiam thiab tau tshaj tawm. Tab sis cov khoom ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lawv yog tib yam, tsuas yog cov ntawv tso tawm thiab cov khoom pabcuam hloov pauv. Tus kws kho mob yuav tsum pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj xylometazoline nasal tshuaj rau sinusitis, txawm hais tias cov no muaj nyob rau hauv khw muag tshuaj yam tsis muaj tshuaj.
Nasal washes
Kev tshem tawm cov kua dej tawm ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab paranasal sinuses yog ib theem ntawm kev kho mob zoo rau ENT kab mob. Hauv khw muag tshuaj, koj tuaj yeem yuav cov tshuaj kho mob sinusitis, uas yog siv tshwj xeeb rau kev ntxuav lub qhov ntswg thiab tshem tawm cov hnoos qeev thiab cov kua paug. Feem ntau ntawm cov xwm txheej, "dej hiav txwv" yog siv los ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov kua dej no - kev sib npaug isotonic ntsev tov uas pab normalize cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias, liquefy thiab tshem tawm cov pob txha.qog. Cov kev npaj no yuav muaj cov nozzles tshwj xeeb, nrog kev pab los ntawm cov dej ntws mus rau hauv ib lub qhov ntswg, dhau los ntawm cov sinuses thiab nchuav tawm los ntawm lwm lub qhov ntswg, ntxuav tawm cov hnoos qeev thiab muaj cov nyhuv anti-inflammatory. Lawv irrigate lub mucous daim nyias nyias thiab pab rov qab thiab npaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag qhov ntswg. Yam tshuaj twg los xaiv, hauv daim ntawv tshuaj twg - tus kws tshaj lij yuav pom zoo. Kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj rau kev ntxuav cov qhov ntswg qhov ntswg yog qhov loj heev. Cov no yog Aqua Maris, Physiomer, Aqualor, Otrivin, Morenasal, Marimer. Siv cov kua dej ntxuav cov sinuses ua tib zoo - nyeem cov lus qhia thiab rov ua cov algorithm ntawm kev ua kom nruj, raws li cov chaw tsim khoom qhia.
Pab tiv thaiv lub cev
Xyaum txhua yam kab mob ua ib qho laj thawj rau nws qhov tsos thiab kev loj hlob muaj qhov txo qis hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj tsom rau kev ua kom txhua lub tshuab ntawm cov qauv no kuj tau qhia hauv kev kho mob xws li sinusitis. Immunomodulators thiab immunostimulants yog tag nrho cov complex ntawm ntuj thiab hluavtaws uas pab tsim kom muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Piv txwv li, sodium deoxyribonucleate yog ib qho organic compound tau los ntawm aqueous extract ntawm salmon thiab sturgeon ntses milt los ntawm kev kho tshuaj thiab ultrasonic. Cov tshuaj no muaj peev xwm txhawb nqa B-lymphocytes thiab T-helpers, nrog rau ua kom cov hlwb ntawm monocyte-macrophage system, uas muaj cov nyhuv immunomodulatory.nyhuv. Sodium deoxyribonucleate ua haujlwm hauv kev npaj xws li "Derinat", "Dezoksinat", "Panagen".
Hnub no, ntau yam immunomodulators tau tshaj tawm. Piv txwv li, "Polyoxidonium". Raws li cov khoom xyaw nquag, nws muaj azoximer bromide, uas muaj cov txheej txheem immunomodulatory, detoxifying, antioxidant thiab qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide, ib qho khoom siv hluavtaws ua immunomodulator, ua haujlwm hauv kev npaj "Likopid". Cov tshuaj no ua rau lub hlwb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob - phagocytes koom nrog kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev nqus cov kab mob. Cov tshuaj "Likopid" tuaj yeem siv los kho cov kab mob sib kis, txawm tias cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog peb xyoos.
Txhua yam kab mob yog kev puas tsuaj rau kev noj qab haus huv, ua txhaum txoj cai ntawm lub neej. Tus kab mob yuav tsum raug kuaj xyuas kom raug kom tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau tshuaj kho kom txaus rau txhua qhov xwm txheej. Ntawm no, cov tshuaj rau sinusitis yuav tsum tau noj tsuas yog tom qab kuaj thiab tsuas yog raws li kev pom zoo ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, vim hais tias tus kab mob no yuav tsum muaj kev sib koom ua ke siv tshuaj los ntawm ntau pawg kws tshuaj, kev kho lub cev, thiab kev kho lub neej. Thiab tsuas yog ib tus kws tshaj lij tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem pom zoo siv tshuaj raws li lub hnub nyoog thiab tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg mob lub cev, suav nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj nquag ntawm cov tshuaj.
