Tus mob ntsws ntev yog ib yam kab mob ua pa ntau tshaj plaws, tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob sib kis ntawm bronchial mucosa. Nws qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees. Tom qab tag nrho, kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob ntsws ntev yog txuam nrog bronchitis.
Vim li cas thiaj tshwm sim? Cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchitis ntev yog dab tsi? Nws txoj kev kho mob yog dab tsi? Cov lus nug no thiab ntau lwm cov lus nug tam sim no yuav tsum tau teb.
Yog vim li cas
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchitis tshwm sim thaum muaj kev mob tshwm sim hauv lub bronchi. Tus kab mob ua rau qeeb qeeb, thiab nws tshwm sim vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntev ntawm cov mucous membrane.
Tus kab mob tuaj yeem yog thawj (ywj siab) thiab theem nrab (ib qho tshwm sim ntawm lwm yam kab mob). Yog tias peb tham txog kev faib tawm raws li hom kev ntws, ces obstructive thiab tsis-obstructive bronchitis yog qhov txawv. Hauv thawj kis, nws nyuaj dua los kho tus kab mob, txij li cov hnoos qeev txhaws lub bronchial lumen thiab cuam tshuam nws patency.
Yog vim li casQhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob feem ntau yog faib rau cov npe hauv qab no:
- Kab mob. Yuav luag txhua tus neeg mob muaj keeb kwm mob khaub thuas, SARS, thiab lwm yam kab mob ntawm lub ntsws. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau kho txhua yam mob raws sijhawm.
- Hypothermia thiab khaub thuas. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev hloov pauv huab cua hauv ntau tus neeg, cov tsos mob ntawm bronchitis yog exacerbated.
- Nicotine tsim txom. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchitis nyob rau hauv cov neeg haus luam yeeb muaj ntau tshaj li cov neeg uas tsis haus luam yeeb. Tsis muaj qhov xav tsis thoob, vim tias cov pa luam yeeb ua rau cov mucous ntawm tsob ntoo bronchial. Kev kho mob yam tsis muab tus cwj pwm tsis zoo yog ua tsis tau.
- Cov pa phem. Cov txheej txheem inflammatory protracted, raws li txoj cai, tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov neeg uas ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv industrial enterprises los yog nyob rau hauv tej thaj chaw muaj kuab paug.
Raws li WHO cov qauv, tus kab mob yuav mob ntev yog tias tus neeg hnoos hnoos qeev ntau dua 3 lub hlis (xws li tag nrho rau ib xyoos lossis ua ke).
Signs
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchitis muaj peev xwm sau tau raws li hauv qab no:
- Nquag hnoos nrog hnoos qeev. Nws qhov ntim tag nrho ib hnub tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov nruab nrab ntawm 100-150 ml.
- Ntawm qhov kub ntawm 37.1 txog 38.0 ° C.
- Sweating.
- Kev qaug zog tsis tsim nyog thiab qaug zog ntxiv.
- Expiratory dyspnea.
- o ntawm cov leeg hauv caj dab thaum exhaling.
Sijhawm dhau mus, hnoos ua tsis tau zoo thiab hnoos hawb pob. Yog tias koj pib mob, ces bronchitis tuaj yeem rub rau ntau xyoo. Thiab lub sij hawm ntev ntawm tus kab mob ua rau lub fact tias cov rau tes ntawm cov ntiv tes thiab ntsia thawv phalanges thicken.
Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev ua rau mob ntsws ntev ntev, cov tsos mob ntawm qhov tam sim no tau tham txog, qhov tshwm sim ntawm lwm cov kab mob sib kis kuj hnyav zuj zus. Feem ntau muaj decompensation ntawm dyscirculatory encephalopathy, ntshav qab zib mellitus thiab kab mob coronary artery.
Obstructive bronchitis
Qhov no yog lub npe ntawm kev mob ntsws ntawm lub ntsws ntawm qhov nruab nrab thiab me me, uas yog nrog los ntawm cov hlab ntsws ntse thiab ua rau lub ntsws tsis zoo. Cov laj thawj rau nws tshwm sim yog:
- Viruses of respiratory syncytial nature.
- Flu.
- Rhinoviruses thiab adenoviruses.
- Parainfluenza ntawm peb hom.
- Viral-bacterial koom haum.
- Cov kab mob tsis tu ncua - chlamydia, mycoplasma thiab herpes.
Muaj ib qho nuance uas tsim nyog sau cia, txij li peb tab tom tham txog qhov ua rau thiab cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchitis ntev. Nws tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hauv cov neeg laus dua li cov menyuam yaus. Txhua tus menyuam yaus uas tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, genetic predisposition thiab kev ua xua yog qhov txaus ntshai rau tus kab mob no. Thiab ntawm cov neeg laus, hom kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov txiv neej.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchitis ntev hauv cov neeg laus tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas hauvcov npe hauv qab no:
- mob taub hau.
- Subfebrile lub cev kub.
- Dyspeptic ntshawv siab.
- Kev koom tes hauv kev ua pa ntawm lub plab, lub xub pwg nyom thiab caj dab cov leeg.
- Nyob xuav exhalation, hawb pob qhuav.
- Kev sib cais me me ntawm cov hnoos qeev. Thaum lub sij hawm exacerbation, nws ua ntau, thiab nws yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv ib tug purulent tsos.
- Kev ua pa tsis zoo. Feem ntau ntub los yog qhuav compulsive hnoos uas tsis tau nyem.
- Npaj tis ntawm lub qhov ntswg thaum nqus.
Txhim kho lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob bronchitis, exacerbations kuj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas. Ntau precisely, tham txog vim li cas lawv tshwm sim.
ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog exogenous raug mob, spontaneous pneumothorax, arrhythmia, kab mob ua pa, decompensated diabetes mellitus thiab kev tawm dag zog. Nrog rau qhov exacerbation, tag nrho cov tsos mob saum toj no hnyav zuj zus, thiab myalgia, qaug zog, tawm hws thiab mob subfebrile kuj tshwm sim.
Kev kho mob
Tshaj tawm cov ncauj lus hais txog cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchitis nyob rau hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus, yuav tsum tham txog yuav kho tus kab mob no li cas.
Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv obstructive, kev kho yog tsom tsis tau tsuas yog tshem tawm o, tab sis kuj tshem tawm spasms ntawm bronchi thiab nthuav lawv. Raws li txoj cai, tus kws kho mob sau cov tshuaj hauv qab no:
- "Atrovent". Qhov no yog ib qho tshuaj rau kev nqus pa thiab aerosol uas ua 10-15 feeb tom qab thov. nyhuvzoo, tab sis luv luv - dhau tom qab 5 teev.
- "Berodual". Ib qho tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke uas inhibits reflexes uas ua rau lub paj hlwb vagus. Qhov ntawd yog, nws calms hnoos.
- "Spiriva". Qhov no yog M-holinoblokator, uas muaj cov nyhuv ntev. Txhawb nqa cov nqaij ntshiv du hauv txoj hlab pa.
- "Salbutamol". Qhov kev ua ntawm no inhalation aerosol yog tsom los tiv thaiv thiab nres bronchial spasms.
- "Fenoterol". Cov ntsiav tshuaj no muaj bronchodilator, vasodilating thiab tocolytic teebmeem.
- "Salmeterol". Ib qho zoo bronchodilator uas tau pom zoo siv txawm tias cov neeg mob uas mob plawv pathologies.
- "Foradil". Cov tshuaj no muaj cov nyhuv bronchodilatory. Siv tau rau ob qho tib si thim rov qab thiab irreversible obstruction.
Ob peb lo lus yuav tsum tau hais txog kev kho cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchitis hauv cov menyuam yaus. Kev kho thiab tiv thaiv cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem ua tau nrog cov tshuaj tib yam li cov neeg laus, tab sis tsuas yog cov tshuaj tau txiav txim siab txawv.
Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj cov tshuaj qhia tshwj xeeb rau nws. Piv txwv li, Clenbuterol. Cov kua txiv no muaj cov nyhuv bronchodilator thiab secretolytic, thiab nws kuj yooj yim siv.
Non-obstructive bronchitis
Tau kawg, peb kuj yuav tsum tham txog nws. Txaus tau hais txog cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob bronchitis ntev. Lawv sib txawv li cas?
Qhov tseeb tias nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, o tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm cov bronchi loj thiab nruab nrab. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li cov kws tshaj lij,qhov sib txawv yog raws caij nyoog. Nyob rau hauv cov kab mob uas tsis yog-obstructive, rov tshwm sim tshwm sim nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav txias. Thiab nyob rau hauv rooj plaub dhau los - rau lub hli dhau los ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg.
Cov tsos mob zoo ib yam, cov tsos mob hauv qab no tau pom:
- Hmoov hnoos thaum sawv ntxov.
- Purulent profuse hnoos qeev.
- Ua pa tsis yooj yim.
- ua tsis taus pa.
Nws tsis tuaj yeem hais tias qhov no yog ib yam kab mob tshwj xeeb uas muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob uas tau piav qhia dhau los. Tab sis nws yog feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus. Qhov feem pua ntawm cov neeg uas tsis muaj mob bronchitis yog li ntawm 8% txog 20%.
YPurulent bronchitis
Muaj ntau yam kab mob uas tsim nyog saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Purulent chronic obstructive bronchitis, cov tsos mob uas tam sim no yuav tham txog, yog ntawm cov.
Ob tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob no yog qhov nce ntxiv hauv cov hlab ntsha uas tshwm sim thaum muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm cov hnoos qeev los ntawm lub ntsws thiab qhov o (qhov no yog hu ua bronchoconstriction), thiab poob ntawm patency vim qhov txuam nrog. sputum.
Raws li txoj cai, tus kab mob ntawm daim ntawv no tshwm sim nws tus kheej tom qab SARS, mob npaws, mob ua pa nyuaj, ua xua, tracheitis thiab mob ntawm nasopharynx. Cov kab mob no txaus ntshai tsis yog tsuas yog los ntawm kev mob, tab sis kuj los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws ua txhaum lub bronchial mucosa, cuam tshuam nrog lawv qhov cua kom zoo. Qhov kev tshwm sim no yog fraught nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm hnoos qeev tsis lees paub thiab ua tsis taus pa.
Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb uas ua rau tus kab mob no muaj nyob hauv qab no:
- plua plav huab cua thiab ua haujlwm hauvcov xwm txheej zoo sib xws.
- Siab qib ntawm silicon thiab cadmium hauv huab cua.
- Kev haus luam yeeb tsis zoo (xav tias yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb).
- YGenetic Syndrome.
- High concentration of vapors in air.
Yog tias peb tham txog cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb ntawm kev mob ntsws ntev ntev ntawm hom purulent, peb tuaj yeem sau tseg:
- hnoos uas ua rau tsis xis nyob thiab mob tsis yog hauv caj pas xwb, tab sis kuj hauv plab.
- mob plab.
- Pleev tawv nqaij. Nrog cov teeb meem, cov xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij ib txwm hloov mus rau cyanosis. Ntiv tes, pob ntseg, qhov ntswg, daim di ncauj tau txais qhov ntxoov ntxoo tsis zoo.
- ntsuas kub tsis tu ncua.
- Tachycardia.
- Epigastric pulsation (nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm tav, ze rau lub plawv).
- ua pa nyuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum exhaling.
- o ntawm qis extremities.
ua pa luv yog qhov tshwm sim tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau lub neej. Nws nrog tus neeg mob tas li, tshwm sim txawm tias tom qab sawv. Thiab ua pa hnyav heev uas tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau pw hauv qhov chaw zaum.
Atrophic bronchitis
Lwm hom kab mob uas tsim nyog saib xyuas. Nrog rau qhov mob ntawm daim ntawv atrophic, kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov epithelium integumentary thiab depletion ntawm bronchial mucosa tshwm sim. Cov tsos mob hauv qab no qhia tias nws muaj:
- hnoos qhuav ntev.
- Ua tsis taus pa tob.
- Sputum nrog qhov tseem ceebntshav impurities.
- Thaum tus txheej txheem hnyav dua, ua tsis taus pa thiab hyperthermia tshwm sim, thiab hnoos yuav ntub.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau teem tseg tias hauv daim ntawv no tus kab mob feem ntau tshwm sim yam tsis muaj tsos mob. Cov kab mob ntsws ntev ntawm daim ntawv atrophic yuav tsis tshwm sim nws tus kheej mus txog rau theem ntawm exacerbation.
Tab sis qhov ntawd tsis ua rau nws txaus ntshai. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, tus kab mob no feem ntau ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim xws li pulmonary hypertension, ua pa tsis ua haujlwm, pulmonary emphysema, diffuse pneumosclerosis.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov pib ntawm cov tsos mob feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev puas siab puas ntsws kev ntxhov siab, kev kis kab mob yav dhau los, kev rov ua dua ntawm kev haus luam yeeb thiab lwm yam ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nrog rau hom kab mob no, hnoos haum tshwm sim, thiab yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog huab cua txias, kev nyuaj siab, noj mov thiab txawm hais lus. Qhov tsis tseem ceeb tshaj qhov ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim zoo li, qhov muaj zog ntawm qhov rhiab heev ntawm bronchial mucosa.
Lwm hom kab mob
Hais txog cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchitis thiab nws ntau yam, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias tseem muaj qee hom kab mob uas tsis tau hais txog. Ntxiv nrog rau hom atrophic thiab purulent, hom kab mob hauv qab no yog qhov txawv:
- Catarrhal. Nrog rau tus kab mob ntawm daim ntawv no, tsuas yog cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias raug cuam tshuam. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb: qhov ntswg congestion thiab los ntswg qhov ntswg, mob nqaij, hoarseness thiab chills. Ob peb hnub tom qab mobmuaj ib tug ntxhib, qhuav, caj pas-rending hnoos thiab nce nyob rau hauv kub mus rau 37.5 ⁰С.
- Fibrous. Tus kab mob ntawm daim ntawv no yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm deposition ntawm fibrin nyob rau hauv tsob ntoo bronchial. Daim duab kho mob yog tus qauv, tab sis cov hnoos qeev txawv. Nrog fibrous bronchitis, nws yog tuab heev uas nws zoo li fibrous bands zoo li cam khwb cia ntawm lub bronchial lumen.
- Hemorrhagic. Nws tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj. Nrog rau tus kab mob no, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hemorrhage nyob rau hauv lub bronchi. Qhov no yog fraught nrog qhov txo qis hauv qhov ntim ntawm lub ntsws ua haujlwm, kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm thiab lwm yam tshwm sim.
Qee zaum muaj ib hom kab mob sib xyaw. Nws raug kuaj pom thaum tus neeg muaj cov tsos mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob uas tau teev tseg ua ntej.
tshuaj ntau yam
Tau kawg, yog tias ib tus neeg raug kuaj mob ntsws ntev, ces tsuas yog kws kho mob sau tshuaj kho. Vim tias tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb coj mus rau hauv tus account hom kab mob, qib ntawm kev tsis saib xyuas, tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg mob thiab ntau ntxiv. Tab sis qee cov tshuaj nrov yog tsim nyog teev:
- Y Antitussives: Broncholitin, Paxeladin, Stoptussin. Lawv raug muab tshuaj yog tias ib tug neeg muaj qhov hnoos qhuav qhuav.
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Pectolvan, Muk altin, Pertussin, ACC, Bromhexine, Pectolvan, Flavamed, Lazolvan. Kev noj cov tshuaj no ua rau kom cov hnoos qeev tawm ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm lub bronchi.
- Combined: "Codelac Forte", "Gerbion", "Bronholitin", "Sinekod" thiab "Bronchicum". Cov tshuaj no tsis yogTsuas yog txo qhov mob hauv lub bronchi, tab sis kuj tseem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub ntsws.
Nws tseem yuav tsum tau noj mucolytics. Cov no suav nrog cov tshuaj xws li Fluimucil, Acestin, Ambrohexal, Deflegmin, Solvin, Mukodin, Fluifort, Linkas, Tussin, thiab lwm yam.
Chav nqus pa
Ntawm no yog ib qho tshuaj kho neeg paub zoo uas pab daws cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchitis. Thiab nws kuj mus zoo nrog tshuaj. Txawm tias kws kho mob pom zoo kom nqus tau pa tsis tu ncua.
Lawv yuav zoo tshaj yog tias koj ntxiv cov khoom xyaw hauv qab no rau hauv dej:
- Peach, camphor, hiav txwv buckthorn los yog txiv roj roj.
- YInfusion of oregano, mint, coltsfoot, sage, raspberry nplooj, txiv qaub blossom, elderberry.
- Cov roj tseem ceeb ntawm thyme, immortelle, qhiav, cinnamon, eucalyptus, tshuaj yej tsob ntoo, lemongrass, rosemary, lavender, clove.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog tsis txhob ua kom dej kub dhau. Txwv tsis pub, tus neeg uas twb raug mob hnyav li no yuav tsis sov rau txoj hlab pa, tab sis yuav hlawv. Thiab qhov no yog fraught nrog teeb meem.
