Nrog kev siv lub laser hauv kev phais, nws tau dhau los ua kev phais mob yam tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav loj. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kho kom zoo nkauj tom qab phais hauv qhov no yog qhov tsawg heev. Xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv laser uas siv ntau yam tshuaj, lawv cov yam ntxwv, ntau yam thiab qhov zoo.
Laser txoj ntsiab cai
Laser hluav taws xob, vim nws lub cev muaj zog, tuaj yeem coj nws lub zog mus rau ib qho. Thaum tsom mus, ntau lub zog yog khaws cia uas tuaj yeem txiav lossis vaporize cov ntaub so ntswg. Cov txheej txheem no tshwm sim hauv microseconds.
Laser chaw kho mob, uas nyob hauv cov nroog loj ntawm Lavxias Federation, nco ntsoov tias kev ua haujlwm, tsis hais thaj chaw twg, yuav luag tsis muaj ntshav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub so ntswg caws pliav tsis tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij dissection nrog lub laser. Kev rov ua kom rov qab tshwm sim vim kev tsim cov ntaub so ntswg. Tsis muaj qhov yuav tsum tau muab tso thiab tshem tawm vim tsis muaj kev sib cuag ntawm cov cuab yeej phais thiab daim tawv nqaij.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm laser txiav txim yog raws li qhov taw tes ua. Yog li ntawd, cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb muaj lub sijhawm los ua kev phais mob hauv ib cheeb tsam yam tsis tau kov cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ze. Thaum siv lub laser, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob siab lossis kab mob HIV raug txo kom tsawg.
Laser hauv kev phais
Kev phais laser tau tsim tsis ntev los no, tab sis lub sijhawm no nws tau tswj hwm los hloov cov kws phais neeg paub txog cov cuab yeej ua tawv tawv. Lub peev xwm ntawm "laser riam" yog qhov dav heev, tab sis ntau tus neeg mob ntshai tsam qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev siv cov kev kho mob lossis kev phais.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, kev txhawj xeeb yog cuam tshuam nrog lub npe hu ua "laser radiation". Tab sis qhov no tsuas yog lub teeb, uas tej zaum yuav los yog tsis pom rau tib neeg lub qhov muag. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws muaj qee yam khoom siv lub cev (ntau, lub zog, wavelength, polarization, thiab lwm yam).
Vim li cas cov kws phais mob nyiam lub laser ntau heev? Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, rau lub fact tias lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug phais laser tso cai rau kom meej meej thiab tsawg invasive cuam tshuam kev phais, thaum piv nrog ib tug scalpel. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yeej nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev ua haujlwm, uas yog ntau zaus sai dua.
Lub laser beam nws tus kheej nkag mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob ntawm lub wavelength ntawm 1 hli mus rau 5 hli, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau hauv nruab nrog cev.
Daim ntawv thov nta
Lasers tau siv dav hauv tshuaj vimmuaj cov coagulating siab thiab hemostatic zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov txhab kho tau sai dua, thiab qhov muaj feem yuav muaj teeb meem tsawg heev.
Hauv cov chaw phais laser, cov khoom siv ntawm lub zog sib txawv tau siv, nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev phais. Qhov kev siv thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub laser raug nyob ntawm lub wavelength, lub sijhawm ntawm cov pulses, nrog rau cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg nws tus kheej, uas cuam tshuam los ntawm laser emitter.
Lub zog ntawm lub tshuab laser tuaj yeem hloov pauv yog tias tsim nyog. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj xav tau coagulate, txiav, yaj los yog tsim qhov hauv daim tawv nqaij. Tag nrho cov kev hloov pauv no tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txawv wavelengths ntawm laser thiab, raws li, nws qhov kub thiab txias.
Ntau yam ntawm cov tshuab laser
Hauv kev phais, cov lasers muaj zog txaus siv uas ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua. Yog li ntawd, lawv sov cov ntaub so ntswg heev, ua rau txiav los yog vaporization.
Hom lasers siv hauv kev phais:
- CO2-laser
thawj lub tshuab siv laser uas tau siv txij li xyoo 1970. Nws nkag mus rau qhov tob ntawm 0.1 hli, yog li nws tsim nyog rau txhua yam kev phais. Nws yog siv rau hauv kev phais dav dav, gynecology, dermatology, cosmetology thiab ENT pathology.
Neodymium laser
Hom khoom siv lub xeev laser siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv kev kho mob thiab kev phais. Lub laser nqaj nkag mus tobmus 8mm. Vim qhov kev txiav tob tob no, cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ze kuj raug cuam tshuam, uas tom qab ntawd raug rau cov txheej txheem ntawm caws pliav lossis lwm yam teeb meem. Feem ntau siv rau coagulation hauv urology, gynecology, tshem tawm cov qog thiab tshem tawm los ntshav sab hauv.
YDiode Surgical Laser
Lub wavelength ntawm xws li installation yog dav heev, nyob rau hauv 0.6-3 microns. Lawv yog cov compact thiab muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev. Cov chav nyob feem ntau siv tsis yog rau kev phais loj, tab sis rau kev ua haujlwm me me hauv gynecology, ophthalmology thiab cosmetology.
Holmium laser
Nkag mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij mus rau qhov tob ntawm 0.4 hli thiab muaj qhov zoo thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo ib yam li CO2 laser. Haum rau kev ua haujlwm endoscopic minimally invasive.
YErbium laser
Nkag mus txog 0.05 mm. Feem ntau siv hauv cosmetology.
Tseem tseem muaj hom kev phais mob tshwj xeeb heev. Piv txwv li, excimer lasers tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv ophthalmology, alexandrite thiab ruby lasers yog siv rau kev tshem tawm cov plaub hau, KTP lasers yog siv nyob rau hauv cosmetology.
Properties of phais lasers
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm laser yog monochrome (ib nqaj ntawm ib qho ntev), collimated (tag nrho cov kab teeb yog sib npaug rau ib leeg) thiab sib npaug. Cov ntaub so ntswg yog rhuab maj mam, ces coagulated thiab txiav. Hauv cosmetology, cov cuab yeej siv laser yog siv los ua kom tawv nqaij, tshem tawm superpigmentation ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab txo cov tattoos.
Lasercov khoom siv yog lwm txoj hauv kev phais scalpel, vim lawv muaj ntau yam zoo. Namely:
- lub nqaj yog homogeneous heev, thiab lub zog tas li muab kev txiav ntawm tib qhov tob raws li qhov ntev;
- laser yog siv los nres los ntshav ntawm ntau yam, vim nws muaj peev xwm ua kom cov hlab ntsha "solder";
- vim biotissue tsis ua cua sov, tsis muaj qhov kub hnyiab;
- kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev phais, kev ua haujlwm nrawm thiab cuam tshuam.
Contraindications rau kev siv lasers hauv kev phais
Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob uas yuav ua qhov kev phais kom raug txiav txim siab, nyob ntawm seb tus kab mob, puas muaj cov cim qhia thiab contraindications rau hluav taws xob laser. Tsis muaj kev npaj tshwj xeeb rau kev ua haujlwm yooj yim siv lub laser phais. Tab sis yog hais tias ib tug neeg muaj comorbidities, sedatives, tshuaj tiv thaiv mob hawb pob, los yog tranquilizers tej zaum yuav muab.
Direct contraindications rau kev siv laser suav nrog:
- kab mob phem;
- qog nqaij hlav ntawm qhov zoo, nrog txoj kab uas hla ntau dua 2 cm;
- fever;
- cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb;
- hyperexcitability;
- mob ntshav qab zib mellitus;
- pob ntshav txhaws.
Txoj kev siv cov lasers hauv kev kho hniav
Kho hniav phais laser yog lwm txoj hauv kev rau burs, thaum tsis mob,ntau npaum thiab xis. Nyob ntawm lub wavelength, nws tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm enamel, dentin thiab thaj chaw cuam tshuam los ntawm caries. Hauv 100% ntawm cov neeg mob, qhov mob drilling tuaj yeem hloov tau los ntawm lub tshuab laser.
Tib lub sijhawm, cov txheej txheem no tsis tas yuav tshuaj loog lossis tsawg kawg nkaus, yog li ntawd, rau tus neeg mob, kev siv tshuaj kho mob ntau dua, thiab tseem muaj kev nyab xeeb. Nrog kev pab los ntawm lub laser, koj tuaj yeem ua kom koj cov hniav ntxuav hniav dawb, txo cov kab mob kab mob hauv cov kwj hniav thiab cov hnab ris, thiab tua kab mob dentin thiab cementum.
Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm cov khoom siv
Muaj ntau lub lasers nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab kev lag luam uas cov kws phais yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv lawv xyaum. Xav txog cov qauv nrov tshaj plaws thiab lawv cov peev txheej.
Qhia cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev hloov kho nrov ntawm kev phais lasers nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov:
- AST 1064 (tsim los ntawm "Yurikon-Group", Russia) - cov cuab yeej kho mob uas tuaj yeem siv rau onychomycosis (tus ntsia thawv fungus), hom laser - diode, muaj lub vijtsam kov, tsom iav suav nrog.
- AST STOMA (chaw tsim tshuaj paus "Yurikon-Group", Russia) - lub laser scalpel tsim los siv nyob rau hauv kev kho hniav lub hom phiaj, bloodlessly dissects lom cov ntaub so ntswg tsis thermally ua rau nws, diode laser hom, muaj ib tug kov zaub, ib tug manipulator kov thiab ib lub cuab tam rau whitening.
- AST 1470 (chaw tsim khoom "Yurikon-Group", Russia) - kev phais laser uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv phlebology thiab proctology, hauvlos nrog ib txheej ntawm cov cuab yeej rau ENT daim ntawv thov thiab ib tug focuser.
- AST (980) - siv rau kev txiav thiab coagulation hauv otolaryngology, gynecology, dermatology, phais, kho hniav thiab proctology.
- Act Dual yog ib lub cuab yeej ua haujlwm ntawm ob lub wavelengths sib txawv, yog li nws siv tau rau ntau yam tshuaj.
- ALOD-01 - nquag siv hauv kev phais thiab kev kho mob, cov lus qhia lub teeb rau kev phais laser ntawm ntau qhov ntev thiab kev siv zog tuaj yeem txuas nrog, tshwj xeeb lub teeb qhia nozzles suav nrog hauv cov khoom siv.
Zoo kawg
Kev phais laser yog ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo thiab niaj hnub hloov pauv rau cov tawv nqaij tawv. Nyob ntawm qhov wavelength, nws tuaj yeem siv rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov tshuaj. Qhov zoo thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub laser chav tsev yog qhov yooj yim ntawm kev siv, ceev ntawm kev phais kev cuam tshuam, tsis muaj mob rau tus neeg mob, tsis muaj sutures thiab lub sij hawm rov qab los, thaum lub sij hawm muaj teeb meem tshwm sim.
