Kev kho mob otitis media hauv cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus

Cov txheej txheem:

Kev kho mob otitis media hauv cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus
Kev kho mob otitis media hauv cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus

Video: Kev kho mob otitis media hauv cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus

Video: Kev kho mob otitis media hauv cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus
Video: Tag kis xyov yuav zoo li cas_ntxawm tsab 2024, Lub Xya hli ntuj
Anonim

Otitis media yog ib qho mob uas tshwm sim hauv kab noj hniav ntawm pob ntseg sab nrauv thiab sab hauv. Cov txheej txheem pathological tshwm sim hauv qhov chaw uas nyob tom qab lub pob ntseg. Txwv tsis pub, tus kab mob no hu ua mob ntawm pob ntseg nruab nrab. Feem ntau cov pathology yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev kis kab mob. Inflammation cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov menyuam yaus, tus kab mob no ntau dua. Qhov no yog vim lub peculiarities ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub cev ntawm kev hnov lus nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam. Lub pob ntseg nruab nrab yog tsim los ntawm cov auditory ossicles, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua suab nrov. Tua tus kab mob no txaus ntshai heev, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau lag ntseg.

Ua rau kab mob

Qhov ua rau otitis media muaj ntau yam. Feem ntau, lawv cuam tshuam nrog kev nkag mus ntawm cov kab mob mus rau hauv pob ntseg. Feem ntau, cov kab mob ua rau tus kab mob yog cov kab mob coccal. Cov kab mob hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm otitis media:

  1. Kab mob feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab kab mob ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab caj pas. Tus kab mob no nkag los ntawm txoj hlab pa mus rau hauv pob ntseg. Qhov no tshwm sim tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias ib tug neegtshuab nws lub qhov ntswg tsis raug. Yog tias tus neeg mob lub qhov ncauj kaw thaum tshem tawm cov kua dej tawm ntawm lub qhov ntswg, cov hnoos qeev yuav raug muab pov nrog cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob mus rau hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg.
  2. Otitis media tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ib qho kab mob hnyav lossis mob ntev. Hauv qhov no, cov kab mob ua rau mob nkag mus rau hauv lub cev ntawm qhov hnov lus nrog cov hlab ntsha.
  3. mob pob ntseg nruab nrab feem ntau pom nrog adenoids.
  4. Txo kev tiv thaiv kuj tuaj yeem ua rau kev ua kom cov kab mob microbes thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem inflammatory hauv pob ntseg.
  5. Tus kab mob feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab kev puas tsuaj rau pob ntseg. Lub cev no tiv thaiv pob ntseg nruab nrab ntawm kev kis kab mob. Thaum cov membrane raug mob, cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob nkag mus tau yooj yim hauv.
  6. Hypothermia tuaj yeem ua rau mob.
  7. Qhov ua rau tus kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev fab tshuaj. Hauv qhov no, tus kab mob pathology yog qhov tsis muaj kab mob.

Cov neeg uas muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm pob ntseg thiab qhov ntswg kuj raug rau otitis media.

Ntau yam mob

Tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv qhov mob hnyav thiab mob ntev. Hauv thawj kis, pathology pib sai sai. Nws kav li 2-3 lub lis piam thiab, nrog kev kho kom raug, xaus nrog kev rov zoo. Yog tias kev kho mob tsis txaus, ces mob otitis media tshwm sim. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev exacerbations raws sij hawm thiab kev zam txim.

Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kab mob raug cais raws li kev tshwm sim ntawm pathological. Cov kab mob hauv qab no yog qhov txawv:

  • catarrhal;
  • exudative;
  • adhesive;
  • purulent;
  • serous.

Daim ntawv purulent ntawm tus kab mob pib nrog cov lus qhia. Nws feem ntau ua rau muaj teeb meem loj.

Symptomatic of mob thiab mob ntev

Tus mob otitis media pib sai sai sai. Ua ntej, tus neeg yws yws ntawm qhov hnov tsw hauv pob ntseg. Tom qab ntawd qhov tsis xis nyob ua rau hnyav zuj zus thiab ua rau mob hnyav heev. Nws yog pulsating nyob rau hauv qhov, tuaj yeem muab rau lub puab tsaig lossis rau lub taub hau. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov mob mob, muaj lwm yam cim qhia ntawm pathology:

  • nce hauv qhov kub (txog +39 degrees);
  • kev tsis zoo ntawm kev noj qab nyob zoo (tsis muaj zog, ua daus no, mob taub hau);
  • xav tag thiab buzzing hauv pob ntseg;
  • hnov tsis hnov.
Cov tsos mob ntawm otitis media
Cov tsos mob ntawm otitis media

Lub sijhawm pib mob yog 5 - 7 hnub. Tom qab ntawd cov kua paug tawm ntawm pob ntseg nruab nrab los ntawm kev tsim kua muag hauv lub pob ntseg. Cov theem ntawm pathology no hu ua perforative. Tus neeg mob qhov kub thiab txias txo, lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv zoo dua me ntsis thiab qhov mob txo qis. Cov theem ntawm tus kab mob no tsis pom nyob rau hauv txhua tus neeg mob, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv purulent ntawm otitis media.

Tom qab ntawd los txog lub sijhawm rov qab los (theem rov kho dua). Muaj kev kho mob ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam. Maj mam, tus neeg mob tus mob rov zoo li qub, thiab kev hnov lus zoo dua.

Otitis media hauv cov menyuam yaus hauv daim ntawv mob hnyav pib nrog qhov kub siab (txog +39 - +39.5 degrees). Cov menyuam mos feem ntau quaj, sawv thaum hmo ntuj, tas li kov lub pob ntseg. Cov menyuam yaus uas tuaj yeem hais lus tsis txaus siab txog qhov muaj zogmob. Kev mob tshwm sim tuaj yeem ua rau mob plab hnyuv.

Otitis media hauv menyuam yaus
Otitis media hauv menyuam yaus

Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv mob ntawm otitis media, cov tsos mob ntawm pathology tsis tau hais. Mob tshwm sim tsuas yog thaum exacerbations. Ib tug neeg muaj qhov hnov lus mus tas li, tinnitus tau sau tseg. Periodically, tso tawm ntawm ib tug purulent xwm departs los ntawm lub auditory kwj dej. Cov neeg mob yws ntawm kiv taub hau.

Catarrhal form

Nyob rau hauv catarrhal otitis media, auditory raj thiab pob ntseg ua rau mob. Muaj ib tug ntse tua mob. Nws radiates rau lub tuam tsev thiab cov hniav. Tsis muaj kua paug tawm ntawm pob ntseg.

Tus kab mob no yooj yim los ntawm tus neeg mob qhov kev tsis txaus siab. Kev kho mob ntawm daim ntawv no ntawm otitis yuav tsum tau pib tam sim ntawd, vim hais tias pathology tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv daim ntawv exudative lossis purulent. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob tsis quav ntsej tuaj yeem ua rau tsis hnov lus tag.

Exudative form

Exudative otitis media feem ntau nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob. Tus kab mob no tsis yog nrog los ntawm qhov mob hnyav. Cov kua (exudate) accumulates nyob rau hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg kab noj hniav. Tus neeg mob hnov lus tsis zoo, tus neeg ntawd hnov tinnitus.

Nov yog hom kab mob insidious tshaj plaws. Thaum tsis muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, kev hloov pauv degenerative tshwm sim hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg kab noj hniav. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis hnov lus hnyav thiab mus tas li thiab txawm lag ntseg tag nrho.

Purulentitis

Purulent otitis media feem ntau yog kab mob es tsis yog kis kab mob. Qhov nohom kab mob feem ntau. Pus accumulates nyob rau hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg kab noj hniav, uas nias rau ntawm lub pob ntseg. Vim li no thiaj muaj kev mob siab thiab lub siab puv nkaus.

Qhov ua rau tus kab mob no, feem ntau, yog mob hauv caj pas thiab nasopharynx. Qee zaum tus kab mob nkag mus rau hauv pob ntseg los ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Feem ntau, tsis quav ntsej catarrhal lossis exudative otitis media ntws mus rau hauv daim ntawv purulent ntawm tus kab mob.

Ntxiv rau qhov tsis hnov lus, suppuration yog qhov txaus ntshai thiab lwm yam teeb meem loj. Pus tuaj yeem tawg rau hauv kab noj hniav. Qhov no ua rau mob meningitis, hlwb abscess, thiab ntshav lom.

Serousitis

mob hnyav feem ntau tshwm sim yam tsis muaj tsos mob tshwm sim. Mob syndrome tsis tau pom. Cov kua dej serous accumulates nyob rau hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg. Tus neeg mob yws txog qhov kev xav ntawm lub siab, suab nrov thiab congestion hauv pob ntseg. Kev hnov lus phem zuj zus.

Tus kab mob no txaus ntshai vim nws tuaj yeem hnyav dua. Qhov no tshwm sim tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam yaus uas tseem tsis tau paub hais lus. Lawv tsis hnov mob thiab tsis tuaj yeem yws ntawm congestion thiab suab nrov hauv pob ntseg. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau txiav txim siab los ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm cov menyuam mos uas lawv muaj mob.

Adhesive otitis media

Adhesive otitis media feem ntau yog mob ntev. Tsis muaj mob hnyav heev. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, cov txheej txheem nplaum tshwm sim hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg kab noj hniav. Qhov no ua rau tinnitus thiab tsis hnov lus zoo.

Diagnosis

Tus kab mob no tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas los ntawm tus neeg mob tus yam ntxwv tsis txaus siab ntawm qhov mob thiab tawm ntawm pob ntseg. Nrog lub hom phiaj ntawmTxhawm rau kom paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob, cov kev kuaj hauv qab no tau sau tseg:

  1. Otoscopy. Siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, tus kws kho mob tshuaj xyuas lub pob ntseg thiab pob ntseg.
  2. pob ntseg. Tus kws kho mob coj ib tug purulent tawm mus kuaj thiab xa mus rau lub chaw soj nstuam rau bakposev. Qhov no yuav pab txheeb xyuas tus kab mob ua rau mob.
  3. Audiometry. Qhov kev kuaj no yog qhia rau daim ntawv nplaum ntawm tus kab mob. Nws pab txiav txim siab qhov kev hnov lus.
Otoscopy
Otoscopy

Cov txheej txheem kuaj mob no paub qhov txawv ntawm otitis media thiab pob ntseg ntsaws, kev raug mob ntawm lub pob ntseg thiab lub cev txawv teb chaws hauv pob ntseg.

tshuaj kho mob

Otitis media feem ntau yog kho raws li tus neeg mob sab nraud. Kev mus pw hauv tsev kho mob tsuas yog yuav tsum tau muaj teeb meem. Kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev kho yog nyob ntawm daim ntawv thiab theem ntawm tus kab mob.

Thaum otitis media tseem ceeb heev los daws qhov tsis xis nyob hauv pob ntseg. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, sau cov tshuaj pob ntseg nrog cov nyhuv analgesic. Tom ntej no, qee qhov kev npaj rau instillation hauv pob ntseg yuav raug txiav txim siab:

  1. Dab "Anauran". Lawv muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj loog lidocaine. Cov tee yog siv rau paj rwb ntaub plaub thiab muab tso rau hauv lub pob ntseg kwj dej. Lawv tsis tsuas yog txo qhov mob, tab sis kuj cuam tshuam rau pathogenic microflora. Txoj kev kho no yog contraindicated rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab cov niam laus, nrog rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 1 xyoos.
  2. Drug "Sofradex". Cov tee no muaj corticosteroid cov tshuaj hormones thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Qhov no pab txo qhov mob thiab o, thiab tshem tawm khaus. Lawv tuaj yeem siv tsis tauTsuas yog nrog cov kab mob o, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm otitis media nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus thiab cov me nyuam ntawm allergic etiology. Cov tee tsuas yog siv tau li 10 hnub xwb, ib yam li kev siv ntev, cov kab mob microbes tuaj yeem tiv taus lawv cov khoom.
  3. pob ntseg "Otipax". Lawv muaj cov tshuaj loog phenazone thiab tshuaj loog lidocaine. Lawv muaj cov nyhuv analgesic zoo. Lawv tuaj yeem siv los kho otitis media hauv menyuam yaus, txawm tias thaum menyuam mos. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab mob, yog li cov tee no tsis cuam tshuam rau tus kab mob, tab sis tsuas yog txo cov tsos mob.
  4. Means "Otinum". Cov tee muaj cov tshuaj tsis-steroidal anti-inflammatory thiab bactericidal tshuaj. Lawv zoo txo qhov mob, tab sis txo qhov mob tsawg dua li lwm cov tshuaj. Cov tee no yuav tsum tsis txhob siv ntau tshaj 10 hnub. Cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem faus lawv tom qab hnub nyoog 1 xyoos xwb.
Pob ntseg "Otinum"
Pob ntseg "Otinum"

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias yuav tsum tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj pob ntseg yog tias lub pob ntseg puas lawm. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab tsis hnov lus hnyav. Yog li, cov tshuaj no tsis tuaj yeem siv nws tus kheej. Ua ntej siv lawv, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas los ntawm tus kws kho mob otolaryngologist.

Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj mob otitis tau sau tshuaj vasoconstrictor rau lub qhov ntswg "Nazivin menyuam", "Xymelin", "Otrivin". Lub qhov ntswg thiab auditory passages yog ze ze. Yog li ntawd, kev siv cov tee no pab txo qhov o thiab mob hauv pob ntseg.

tshuaj qhov ncauj thiab kho lub cev

Kho mob thiab mobCov neeg laus cov neeg mob tau qhia qhov ncauj ntawm cov tshuaj: Diclofenac, Ketorolac, Nurofen, Ibuprofen. Thaum kho tus kab mob hauv tus menyuam, cov tshuaj tau sau rau hauv cov menyuam yaus cov ntawv thiab ntau npaum li cas.

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv qhov ncauj kuj tseem siv los kho otitis media. Yog tias tus kab mob ua rau mob hnyav, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj penicillin: "Amoxicillin" thiab "Ampicillin". Lawv muaj ntau qhov kev ua haujlwm thiab cuam tshuam rau ntau hom kab mob.

Tshuaj tua kab mob "Ampicillin"
Tshuaj tua kab mob "Ampicillin"

Yog tias tus kab mob no tau mob ntev, ces cov tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm pawg aminoglycosides thiab fluoroquinolones raug tshuaj. Cov no yog cov ntsiav tshuaj "Ciprofloxacin" thiab "Vero-Netilmicin" hauv ampoules. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation lawv tsis tuaj yeem noj. Thaum lub sijhawm kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob, probiotics raug muab tshuaj los tswj cov microflora ib txwm.

Tshuaj tua kab mob "Ciprofloxacin"
Tshuaj tua kab mob "Ciprofloxacin"

Nyob rau hauv me nyuam yaus, yuav tsum tau siv tshuaj tua kab mob nkaus xwb rau cov kab mob purulent. Lawv raug tshuaj los ntawm kws kho mob tom qab txiav txim siab qhov rhiab heev ntawm microflora hauv cov koob tshuaj tsim nyog. Yog hais tias otitis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug me me catarrhal daim ntawv, ces tsuas yog siv cov tee yuav dispensed nrog.

Nyob rau theem pib ntawm tus kab mob, ntxuav pob ntseg nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob pab. Yog tias cov kua paug tau sau rau hauv lub cev ntawm qhov hnov lus thiab tsis tawg rau lub sijhawm ntev, ces siv cov hnoos qeev hauv qhov ncauj: ACC, Fluimucil thiab lwm yam mucolytics.

Muab cov ntu ntawm kev kho lub cev. Siv raug rau ultraviolet rays thiab ib qho chaw sib nqus ntawm thaj chaw pob ntseg.

Thaum muaj mob, nws tseem ceeb heev kom ntxiv dag zog lub cev tiv thaiv. Rau lub hom phiaj no, immunostimulants raug tshuaj: "Actovegin", "Apilak" thiab multivitamin complexes.

Txoj kev kho mob ntawm ntau hom otitis media

Cov ntsiab cai dav dav rau kev kho mob otitis media tau hais los saum toj no. Txawm li cas los xij, kev kho mob ntawm ntau hom kab mob no muaj nws tus yam ntxwv.

Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv serous, qee zaum nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua ib lub qhov hauv pob ntseg. Los ntawm nws, cov tshuaj yog txhaj ncaj qha mus rau hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg kab noj hniav. Txoj kev no yog siv thaum lub sijhawm tus kab mob tsawg kawg yog 3 lub hlis.

Adhesive otitis media feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm qhov ntswg ua pa. Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm daim ntawv no ntawm tus kab mob, tshuab lub pob ntseg kwj dej thiab pneumatic massage ntawm lub pob ntseg yog siv. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv siab heev ntawm cov txheej txheem nplaum, kev kho kom zoo tsis yog ib txwm ua tau zoo, thiab kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua. Lub pob ntseg qhib thiab cov adhesions raug phais. Nyob rau hauv ntau qhov nyuaj, lub auditory ossicles yog prosthetized.

kev kho neeg zoo

Kev kho mob otitis hauv tsev yuav tsum pom zoo nrog koj tus kws kho mob. Nws tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv kev siv cov tshuaj pob ntseg thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, kev kho neeg pej xeem tuaj yeem ntxiv cov tshuaj.

Cov zaub mov hauv qab no tuaj yeem pom zoo:

  1. Propolis kho nrog sunflower roj. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev muag tshuaj koj yuav tsum tau yuav propolis tincture. Rau 1 ntuCov tshuaj yuav tsum suav rau 4 feem ntawm cov roj. Tag nrho cov khoom xyaw yuav tsum sib tov zoo. Tom qab ntawd turunda yog tsim los ntawm gauze, moistened nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg, tso rau hauv pob ntseg thiab khaws cia rau 8-10 teev. Cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua 7 - 10 hnub.
  2. Calamus cag. Ib qho tshuaj decoction yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj no. Ib tablespoon ntawm cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog muab tso rau hauv dej thiab boiled rau ib nrab ib teev. Tom qab ntawd boiled dej yog ntxiv kom lub ntim ntawm muaj pes tsawg leeg yog hais txog 200 ml. Cov tshuaj no muaj anti-inflammatory zog. Nws yuav tsum tau haus 1 tablespoon ua ntej noj mov. Kev kho mob yog 2 - 3 lub lis piam.
  3. Camphor roj. Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem yuav hauv cov khw muag tshuaj. Nws yog instilled rau hauv lub pob ntseg nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 3 tee ob peb zaug ib hnub twg. Koj tseem tuaj yeem nqa cov paj rwb swab thiab muab tso rau hauv cov roj. Nws muab tso rau hauv pob ntseg rau 4 teev. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau khi ib txoj phuam sov rau saum.
camphor vaj
camphor vaj

Kev kho mob otitis hauv tsev yuav tsum ua tib zoo ua. Qee tus neeg mob yuav ua xua rau propolis, calamus, lossis camphor. Hauv qhov no, kev kho yuav tsum raug txiav tawm.

Kev Tiv Thaiv

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv tus kab mob, yuav tsum kho cov kab mob ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab caj pas kom raws sijhawm. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob nyob rau theem siab thiab tsis txhob hypothermia. Ib yam tseem ceeb yog kev tu lub qhov ncauj thiab qhov mob ntawm cov hniav. Feem ntau ua rau tus kab mob ua caries.

Otitis media yog ib txwm muaj rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj adenoids. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau kho raws sij hawm, thiab yog tias tsim nyog, tshem tawm cov overgrown nasopharyngeal tonsils. Ib qho kev phais yooj yim yuav pab kom tsis txhob mobnyob rau hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg.

Thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm otitis media, koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob sai. Nyob rau theem pib, qhov mob yog kho tau yooj yim los ntawm cov tshuaj hauv zos. Kev nkag mus rau tus kws kho mob otolaryngologist raws sij hawm yuav pab tiv thaiv cov teeb meem thiab tsis hnov lus.

Pom zoo: