Post-traumatic osteomyelitis: cov tsos mob, kuaj mob, ua rau, kho thiab tiv thaiv

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Post-traumatic osteomyelitis: cov tsos mob, kuaj mob, ua rau, kho thiab tiv thaiv
Post-traumatic osteomyelitis: cov tsos mob, kuaj mob, ua rau, kho thiab tiv thaiv

Video: Post-traumatic osteomyelitis: cov tsos mob, kuaj mob, ua rau, kho thiab tiv thaiv

Video: Post-traumatic osteomyelitis: cov tsos mob, kuaj mob, ua rau, kho thiab tiv thaiv
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Osteomyelitis yog kab mob purulent uas cuam tshuam rau cov pob txha pob txha ntawm cov pob txha thiab cov periosteum. Post-traumatic osteomyelitis (ICD-10 code M86) yog suav hais tias yog ib yam kab mob loj uas tshwm sim tom qab raug mob pob txha lossis tom qab kev phais. Tus kab mob no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau txiv neej thiab poj niam txhua hnub nyoog.

Kev piav qhia tus kab mob

Post-traumatic osteomyelitis tshwm sim thaum qhib pob txha tshwm sim. Qhov ua rau nws yog qhov kis kab mob ntawm lub qhov txhab nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm kev raug mob. Qhov nyuaj tshaj qhov tawg yog, qhov muaj feem ntau rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no. Raws li txoj cai, txhua ntu pob txha raug cuam tshuam.

osteomyelitis cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm
osteomyelitis cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas cov pob txha yog linear, ces qhov chaw cuam tshuam yuav o, thiab yog hais tias qhov raug mob yog comminuted, ces cov txheej txheem purulent yuav kis tau los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Nrog rau tus kab mob no yog mob hnyav heev nrog rau mob ua npaws, nce ESR, leukocytosis thiab ntshav liab. Qhov chaw ntawm qhov txhab yuav o thiab mob heev, los ntawm nwscov kua paug tawm ntau heev.

Tom ntej, cia peb mus rau qhov ua rau muaj tus kab mob zoo li mob osteomyelitis tom qab.

Yog vim li cas thiab peculiarities

Qhov ua rau tus kab mob no yog cov kab mob pathogenic thiab cov kab mob microscopic uas ua rau mob purulent hauv pob txha. Feem ntau lawv yog Staphylococcus aureus. Cov kab mob microorganisms, raws li txoj cai, nkag mus rau cov pob txha thiab pob txha mos thaum lub sij hawm txiav, tawg lossis raug mob. Muaj cov nram qab no hom osteomyelitis: post-traumatic daim ntawv, phom hom, tiv tauj thiab postoperative.

Txhua qhov kev raug mob qhib, nrog rau pob txha, tuaj yeem ua rau mob purulent yog tias qhov txhab tsis tau kho kom zoo. Cov chaw uas muaj kev phom sij tshaj plaws ntawm tib neeg lub cev yog cov pob txha uas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg.

Piv txwv li, tom qab mob osteomyelitis ntawm lub puab tsaig qis yog qhov tshwm sim heev. Nyob rau hauv ib qho tawg, qhov mob feem ntau tshwm sim tsuas yog hauv thaj chaw cuam tshuam. Thaum muaj kev raug mob ntau thiab pob txha, cov txheej txheem purulent tuaj yeem ntes tsis tau tsuas yog cov pob txha nrog periosteum, tab sis kuj kis mus rau thaj tsam ntawm cov nqaij mos.

Phom phom osteomyelitis tej zaum yuav tshwm sim los ntawm kev kis kab mob ntawm lub qhov txhab tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev raug mob. Feem ntau, cov pob txha raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev raug mob loj, ntau yam kev raug mob thiab kev hloov ntawm cov pob txha tawg.

Postoperative osteomyelitis tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum lub qhov txhab kis tau los ntawm kev phais. Txawm hais tias kev kho tshuaj tua kab mob, hauv tib neeg lub cevCov kab mob uas tiv taus tshuaj kuj tseem nyob. Tsis tas li ntawd, suppuration tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab kev taw qhia ntawm kev hais lus, thiab, ntxiv rau, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsim cov pob txha traction lossis compression thiab cuam tshuam cov cuab yeej. Qhov no yog qhov hu ua tus pin osteomyelitis, uas yog ib hom kab mob (piv txwv li, tom qab raug mob osteomyelitis ntawm ceg, piv txwv li).

post-traumatic osteomyelitis ntawm mandible
post-traumatic osteomyelitis ntawm mandible

Kev sib cuag osteomyelitis yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib kis ntawm cov kab mob mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv cov pob txha pob txha kwj dej los ntawm cov chaw uas nyob ib sab ntawm tus kab mob. Xws li foci yog rwj ntawm lub cev nrog rau abscesses, phlegmon, kho hniav pathologies thiab lwm yam. Hom kab mob no feem ntau pom muaj nyob hauv menyuam yaus.

Muaj kev pheej hmoo yog cov neeg coj txoj kev ua neej nyob, thiab ntxiv rau, cov neeg uas lub cev tsis muaj zog, vim lawv lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv tsis muaj peev xwm tua cov kab mob uas nkag mus rau tib neeg lub cev.

Kab mob

Qhov ua rau mob osteomyelitis tom qab yuav yog qhov hloov ntawm ib qho ntawm cov kab mob. Piv txwv li, vim mob caj pas, tus hniav festering, o nyob rau hauv nruab nrab pob ntseg, furunculosis, furuncle, panaritium, purulent daim tawv nqaij kab mob, ib tug inflamed navel nplhaib, pneumonia, scarlet fever, qhua pias thiab lwm yam kis kab mob.

Risk group

Muaj kev pheej hmoo feem ntau yog cov neeg haus luam yeeb, cawv thiab tshuaj yeeb (los ntawm cov hlab ntsha). Nws kuj feem ntau ua rau tus kab mob no.tsis hnyav nrog rau kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo thiab muaj hnub nyoog siab heev. Tus kab mob no qee zaum muaj teeb meem vim muaj lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Piv txwv li, vim tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob, muaj vascular atherosclerosis, thiab, ntxiv rau, vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov hauv qab no:

  • tus neeg mob muaj varicose thiab venous txawv txav;
  • vim ntshav qab zib, vim kev ua haujlwm siab lossis lub raum tsis ua haujlwm;
  • nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm malignant qog, raws li zoo raws li kev tshem tawm ntawm tus po.

Tam sim no cia peb saib seb cov tsos mob dab tsi nrog rau qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob no. Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm ntawm post-traumatic osteomyelitis yog qhov txaus siab rau ntau tus.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no

Post-traumatic osteomyelitis tuaj yeem nrog qee yam tsos mob. Tus kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv hom mob.

post-traumatic osteomyelitis ntawm ceg
post-traumatic osteomyelitis ntawm ceg

Cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev mob osteomyelitis ntev yog cov tsos mob hauv qab no:

  • pom liab thiab o ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev;
  • pom qhov mob thiab purulent tawm ntawm palpation;
  • fistula tsim thiab ua npaws;
  • kev puas tsuaj tseem ceeb hauv kev mob thiab kev noj qab haus huv;
  • pom kev pw tsaug zog tsis zoo;
  • pom kev qaug zog thiab tsis qab los.

Kev kuaj ntshav qhia pom qhov siab erythrocyte sedimentation tus nqi nrog rau kev nce leukocytosis thiab ntshav ntshav. Daim ntawv mob ntawm tus kab mob yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov tsos mob nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawmKev puas tsuaj loj ntawm cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg, cov ntshav poob tseem ceeb, txo qis hauv lub cev tiv thaiv thiab nce qhov kub thiab txias rau febrile qhov tseem ceeb. Kev mob hnyav tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv thaj tsam ntawm pob txha, thiab cov kua paug tawm ntau tawm ntawm qhov txhab.

Ntxiv rau cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob tom qab mob osteomyelitis (raws li ICD 10 - M86), kuj tseem muaj cov tsos mob zais ntawm tus kab mob. Lawv raug kuaj pom siv cov kev tshawb fawb x-ray tsis pub dhau ib hlis tom qab tus kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov txhab thiab qhov pib ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory. Cov tsos mob zais ntawm tus kab mob no suav nrog:

  • tshwm sim ntawm vascular obliteration;
  • hloov cov nqaij fiber ntau nrog cov ntaub so ntswg;
  • tshwm sim ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv periosteum;
  • hloov ib nrab ntawm cov pob txha pob txha nrog cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas.

Yuav ua li cas tom qab mob osteomyelitis ntawm pob txha kuaj tau?

post-traumatic osteomyelitis ntawm cov pob txha
post-traumatic osteomyelitis ntawm cov pob txha

Diagnostics

Thaum hu rau tus kws kho mob, kev kuaj thawj tus neeg mob tau ua tiav. Thaum pib ntawm tus kab mob, kev kuaj mob kom raug tsuas yog ua tau raws li cov tsos mob ntawm kev kho mob, txij li cov tsos mob tshwm sim tsuas yog tom qab peb mus rau plaub lub lis piam. Txhawm rau kawm txog cov txheej txheem inflammatory, qib ntawm lawv qhov kev sib kis thiab kev siv zog, cov kev ntsuas hauv qab no tau muab rau cov neeg mob:

  1. Ua qhov ntsuas kub hauv zos.
  2. Ua cov duab thermal.
  3. Kev kuaj mob pob txha.
  4. Computed tomography.
  5. Ua fistulography thiab X-ray.

Nrog kev pab ntawm X-ray, sequesters raug kuaj nrog rau foci ntawm kev puas tsuaj, thaj tsam ntawm osteosclerosis thiab osteoporosis, thiab, ntxiv rau, deformation ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov pob txha tawg yog txiav txim siab. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm rab phom qhov txhab, cov hlau tawg yog pom ntawm x-ray, uas tau daig hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Lwm txoj hauv kev kuaj mob ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kawm txog thaj chaw cuam tshuam kom ntxaws thiab txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau cov txheej txheem purulent.

Kev kho mob

Kev kho mob tom qab mob osteomyelitis ntawm lub puab tsaig feem ntau ua tiav tam sim ntawd. Tus kws kho mob tshem tawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory thiab tshem tawm qhov ua kom pom tseeb ntawm suppuration. Thaum ntxov, cov kws kho mob ua cov kev kho mob uas siv ntau yam tshuaj. Cov neeg mob feem ntau yog kho nrog broad-spectrum tshuaj tua kab mob. Ib qho puncture yog tsim los tshem tawm cov pob txha purulent. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug me me daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob, xws li kev kho mob feem ntau yog txaus.

post-traumatic osteomyelitis ntawm lub puab tsaig
post-traumatic osteomyelitis ntawm lub puab tsaig

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas mob osteomyelitis tom qab mob nrog rau kev tsim ntawm fistulas, rwj lossis sequesters, kev ua haujlwm yog ua. Hmoov tsis zoo, kev cuam tshuam kev phais hauv qhov xwm txheej no yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tshwj xeeb, kev phais yuav tsum tau muaj nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm intoxication, mob hnyav thiab tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm cov ceg. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav yog tias kev kho mob tsis pom zoo.

Tam sim ntawd ua ntej kev phais rau kaum mus rau kaum ob hnub, cov neeg mob tau txais qhov tsim nyogkev tshawb fawb uas muab ib daim duab tiav ntawm tus kab mob. Qhov no tso cai rau cov kws kho mob xaiv txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kho mob tom qab mob osteomyelitis, yog li tiv thaiv qee yam teeb meem.

Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tus kws phais tshem tawm qhov chaw tuag ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg nrog rau cov pob txha necrotic. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws kho mob qhib purulent formations. Cov pob txha tsis xws luag raug kho nrog ntau yam kev txhim kho. Tom qab osteosynthesis, thaj chaw cuam tshuam yog kho nrog ntsev kub, thiab, ntxiv rau, nrog nitrofuran npaj thiab tshuaj tua kab mob.

Kev nyuaj siab

Cov teeb meem ntawm kev mob osteomyelitis tom qab raug muab faib ua feem ntau thiab hauv zos. Hauv zos hais txog kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov kab mob pathological hauv cheeb tsam cuam tshuam. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tus ntawm ib tug quab yuam uas nyob rau hauv ib txwm tej yam kev mob tsis ua rau deformation. Fusion ntawm fragments, nrog rau kev tsim ntawm calluses, yog heev cuam tshuam. Pathological dislocations tshwm sim yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam sab nraud. Cov no tshwm sim vim kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov pob txha epiphysis los yog kis cov kua paug mus rau ligaments ntawm cov leeg.

Kev sib koom tes cuav yog kev ua txhaum ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov pob txha tawg tom qab tawg. Cov txheej txheem ntawm ossification ntawm cov khoom tawg vim yog o thiab cov kua paug cuam tshuam. Lawv tuaj yeem koom ua ke nrog cov ntaub so ntswg tshwj xeeb. Tsis zoo li cov pob txha calluses, nws tsis tuaj yeem muab kev kho kom nruj ntawm cov khoom tawg. Arrosive hemorrhage feem ntau tshwm sim.

Ankylosis yog lwm qhov teeb meem thiab yog qhov poob ntawm kev sib koom tes vim yog fusion ntawm pob txha pob txha pob txha. Ib sabcontracture feem ntau pom nrog rau kev txwv ntawm kev txav mus los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke vim kev puas tsuaj rau cov leeg, leeg, tawv nqaij lossis ligaments saum nws qhov chaw. Cov pob txha cuam tshuam zoo li deform, luv, thiab tsis loj hlob. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm thaj chaw puas ntawm lub cev txav mus tau zoo heev.

Pneumonia

mob ntsws yog ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem tshwm sim thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm osteomyelitis. Cov kab mob tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsws los ntawm cov foci nyob deb ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim hais tias qhov kev tsom xam yog nyob ze, ces txoj kev nkag mus yog kev sib cuag. Cov kab mob microscopic qee zaum nkag mus rau sab hauv ntawm lub plawv los ntawm cov hlab ntsha, ua rau mob lossis kab mob endocarditis.

mob ntev post-traumatic osteomyelitis cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm
mob ntev post-traumatic osteomyelitis cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm

Txau cov khoom lom nrog cov kab mob yog tsim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm purulent necrotic kev puas tsuaj hauv thaj chaw cuam tshuam thiab feem ntau ncig hauv cov ntshav. Lawv nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm ob lub raum, nyob rau hauv nws, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm mob hnyav heev. Yog li ntawd, lub raum tsis ua haujlwm yuav tshwm sim. Nrog rau cov ntshav khiav, tus kab mob tuaj yeem kis mus rau daim siab cov ntaub so ntswg, ua rau cov qauv ntawm lub cev puas tsuaj, yog li ua rau nws ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Ntawm qhov tshwm sim loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua txhaum cai no yog ascites, nrog rau edema, jaundice thiab tsis nco qab.

Txhua yam keeb kwm ntawm kev mob osteomyelitis ntev ntev yuav paub meej qhov no.

Rov qab thiab tiv thaiv

Tom qab kev ua haujlwm, cov neeg mob tau txais kev kho dua tshiabCov txheej txheem, piv txwv li, electrophoresis, UHF kho thiab physiotherapy ce yuav tsum tau. Hauv peb lub lis piam, kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob tseem yuav tsum tau ua. Cov tshuaj no yog siv rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab intra-arterially. Thaum lub sij hawm kho kom rov zoo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau noj cov vitamins, thiab, ntxiv rau, ua raws li kev noj zaub mov kom muaj zog rau lub cev, thiab tib lub sij hawm nce nws txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv.

Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm ntawm post-traumatic osteomyelitis
Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm ntawm post-traumatic osteomyelitis

Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob ncaj qha nyob ntawm ntau yam sib txawv, piv txwv li, qhov nyuaj ntawm tus kab mob, hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob, muaj kev raug mob los ntawm kev sib txuam, thiab lwm yam. Hauv qhov no, kev tiv thaiv yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws kom tsis txhob muaj qhov mob ntxiv tom ntej tom qab raug mob lossis rov ua dua ntawm tus kab mob tom qab kho. Txhua qhov kev raug mob, nrog rau kev txiav thiab kev raug mob, yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob.

Tam sim tom qab raug mob, ntau lub cev txawv teb chaws yuav tsum raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov txhab. Kev mus ntsib kws kho mob raws sij hawm thaum muaj kev raug mob nyuaj ib txwm tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem purulent hauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab tiv thaiv tus kab mob kis ncaj qha mus rau pob txha.

Pom zoo: