Txoj kev kho mob ntawm cov sinuses raug xaiv cais rau txhua tus neeg mob, nws tag nrho yog nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob, cov tsos mob tam sim no, thiab muaj teeb meem. Thaum lub sijhawm mob sinusitis, cov neeg mob yws yws ntawm qhov muaj ntau yam cim, uas tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov xwm txheej thiab hom kab mob. Kev mob ntawm lub qhov ntswg ntawm qhov ntswg tau muab faib ua ntau hom, uas yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ua ntej kho.
Nrog rau qhov kev kuaj mob tsis raug thiab cov txheej txheem kho mob, qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo yuav tshwm sim. Yog vim li cas nrog lub qhov ntswg ntev ntev, tsis xis nyob, nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias tas li, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob.
Tseem mob o
Muaj ntau qhov kev faib tawm ntawm sinusitis. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog kev faib los ntawm localization. Cov tsos mob uas twb muaj lawm thiab txoj kev kho mob feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov no. GeneralCov cim qhia rau txhua hom kev mob yog qhov muaj cov kab mob sib kis thiab intoxication syndromes.
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm lub cev, muaj cov kab mob xws li sinusitis:
- frontit;
- sinusitis;
- ethmoiditis;
- sphenoiditis;
- pansinusitis;
- hemisinusitis.
Sinusitis - o ntawm qhov maxillary sinus. Hom kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim. Ntxiv nrog rau cov tsos mob dav dav, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov mob ntawm lub puab tsaig sab sauv, qhov kev xav ntawm qhov puv.
Frontitis - mob ntawm frontal sinus. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov mob kis mus rau lub hauv pliaj cheeb tsam saum lub qhov muag. Qhov mob hnyav heev, hnyav heev los ntawm kev txav lub taub hau, thiab tuaj yeem nrog photophobia.
Etmoiditis feem ntau nrog sinusitis lossis frontal sinusitis. Tus kab mob tshwm sim nws tus kheej yog mob hauv qhov ntswg, tsis hnov tsw tsw, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau mob qhov muag.
Sphenoiditis tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim raws li tus kab mob ywj pheej, feem ntau tshwm sim nrog ethmoiditis. Ib tug neeg raug mob taub hau ntawm qhov chaw tsis paub meej. Raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm chav kho mob, sinusitis tuaj yeem mob hnyav lossis mob ntev.
Mob sinusitis tau muab faib ua serous thiab odontogenic. Kev mob ntev ntawm cov sinuses tau muab faib ua:
- purulent sinusitis;
- hyperplastic;
- ua xua.
Thaum mob mob tshwm sim, qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev yuav tshwm sim. Polyps kuj feem ntau tsim.
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb
Ua ntejUa ntej pib nrog kev kho mob ntawm qhov mob ntawm qhov sinuses, koj yuav tsum paub tseeb tias yog vim li cas qhov teeb meem tshwm sim. Provoking yam tuaj yeem muab faib ua sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Sab hauv suav nrog xws li:
- deviated septum;
- sib thooj ntawm cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov hniav mus rau maxillary sinus;
- congenital anomalies ntawm sinus qauv.
Thaum lub qhov ntswg septum yog deviated, sinusitis yuav tsim los ntawm sab uas nws deviated. Yog tias cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov hniav nyob ze rau ntawm maxillary sinuses, ces qhov no ua rau muaj kab mob.
Sab nraud ua rau muaj teeb meem tuaj yeem yog raws li hauv qab no:
- kis kab mob thiab SARS;
- kab mob;
- Ypulpitis, caries, stomatitis.
Thaum tus kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov ntswg, cov ntaub ntawv exudate thiab tawm los ntawm cov sinuses zuj zus, uas provokes kev loj hlob ntawm o.
Symptoms
Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov sinuses tuaj yeem sib txawv, tab sis cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog qhov muaj paug tawm thiab mob. Yog tias cov channel thiab sinuses dav, ces cov tsos mob yuav tsawg.
Yog hais tias, vim o ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias, lub sinus raws nqaim thiab muaj ib tug loj tsub zuj zuj ntawm cov kua paug, ces qhov mob yuav nce sharply, thaum lub hauv pliaj, ob lub qhov muag thiab daim tawv muag o, thiab kub nce. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov kua paug yuav tsis tuaj yeem ntws ib txwm.
Yog sinusitis nyob rau hauv lub maxillary sinus, ces pibo ntawm lub puab tsaig, daim tawv muag, thiab qhov mob muab rau hauv pliaj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov pob txha ntawm lub qhov muag, mob yog pom nyob rau hauv lub recesses ntawm lub qhov muag thiab qhov ntswg. Yog hais tias sinusitis nyob rau hauv lub frontal sinuses, lub hauv pliaj daim tawv nqaij saum daim tawv muag pib o. Qhov mob tshwm sim 2-3 teev tom qab sawv thiab maj mam ploj mus thaum yav tsaus ntuj. Tus mob no yog rov ua dua txhua hnub thiab provokes txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov teeb meem. Yog tias koj txo koj lub taub hau, qhov mob kis mus rau qhov muag thiab hauv pliaj.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob sinusitis ntev zoo ib yam li tus mob khaub thuas. Tshwj xeeb, muaj cov tsos mob xws li:
- tsis zoo;
- heat;
- muaj paug tawm ntawm lub qhov txhab;
- mucosal edema;
- pob ntseg;
- ua tsis taus pa; mob taub hau.
Thaum thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob kom kuaj xyuas thiab kho tom ntej.
Diagnostics
Thaum thawj cov tsos mob ntawm qhov mob ntawm qhov sinuses tshwm sim, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau pib tam sim ntawd, vim qhov no yuav pab tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem txaus ntshai. Txhawm rau sau cov kev kho kom raug, tus kws kho mob pib ua qhov kev kuaj mob dav dav. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, tus kws kho mob txiav txim siab qhov chaw ntawm cov kab mob thiab qhov ua rau nws tshwm sim.
Qhov feem ntau tshwm sim hauv kev tsim ntawm sinusitis yog kev raug mob rau tis los yog qhov ntswg septum. Lwm cov cim qhia suav nrog kev nkag mus ntawm cov kab mob lossis kab mob.
Nws muaj peev xwm ua rau kev kuaj mob ntawm "frontal sinusitis" lossis "sinusitis" tom qab ib txwm muajX-ray. Nws yog qhov nyuaj dua los txiav txim siab qhov muaj mob ntawm sphenoid thiab ethmoid sinuses. Hauv qhov no, yuav tsum tau kuaj pom tomography.
Ntxiv rau cov txheej txheem kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob tshuaj xyuas tus neeg mob lub qhov ntswg los ntawm sab hauv. Nrog kev pab los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas, nws tuaj yeem pom qhov curvature ntawm qhov ntswg septum thiab cov kua paug, nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm qhov ntswg. Thaum mob tshwm sim, kev kuaj ntshav qhia tau tias nce ESR, nrog rau qib ntawm leukocytes.
Qee zaum, yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj rau lub qhov txhab, vim yog cov kua paug tawm. Yav dhau los, raws li kev siv tshuaj loog hauv zos, cov tshuaj tau txhaj rau hauv cov kwj dej ntawm qhov ntswg. Los ntawm kev siv rab koob, tus kws kho mob punctures lub hauv paus phab ntsa ntawm lub qhov ntswg, thiab tom qab ntawd txhaj tshuaj sodium chloride. Nrog cov txheej txheem no, koj tuaj yeem tua kab mob ntawm lub qhov ntswg. Tom qab ntawd, cov tshuaj tua kab mob los yog cov tshuaj stimulating tau qhia.
Kev kho mob
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob yog siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Nco ntsoov tshem tawm qhov o ntawm sinuses. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau nqis peev nyiaj rau hauv qhov ntswg qhov ntswg uas nthuav dav cov kwj dej.
Yog tias kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj no tsis ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig, ces cov sinuses raug ntxuav nrog ib rab koob tshwj xeeb uas tho rau sab hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov sinuses. Daim ntawv mob ntev ntawm tus kab mob yog kho tsuas yog los ntawm kev phais. Txoj kev kho tsuas yog xaiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob otolaryngologist tom qab ua tiavdiagnostics.
Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv
Thaum kho qhov mob ntawm qhov sinuses, yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cai hauv qab no:
- yuav tsum rhuav tshem cov kab mob;
- tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim;
- nres cov tsos mob uas twb muaj lawm;
- restore li qub sinus kua;
- txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem.
Cov neeg mob me me mus rau nruab nrab feem ntau tsis tas yuav mus pw hauv tsev kho mob. Kev kho mob yog ua los ntawm tus neeg mob sab nraud raws li kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob. Thaum muaj cov kab mob hnyav, nrog rau thaum muaj teeb meem, yuav tsum tau kho hauv tsev kho mob.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kev kho etiotropic, uas yog tsom rau kev tshem tawm cov kab mob uas ua rau nws tshwm sim. Antibacterial agents yog dav siv los kho qhov mob ntawm sinuses. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob twg yog siv los kho sinusitis feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob. Tus kws kho mob xaiv cov tshuaj cais rau txhua tus neeg mob.
Thaum kho qhov mob ntawm qhov sinuses nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj los ntawm cov pab pawg ntawm macrolides, penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones feem ntau yog tshuaj. Cov kab mob sinusitis suav nrog kev noj tshuaj hauv qhov ncauj, thiab hauv cov ntaub ntawv hnyav - intramuscular.
Kev kho tus kab mob sinusitis yam tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab mob tsis ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig. Rau kev kho mob, Neovir, Arbidol,"Isoprinosine". Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kab mob fungal, yuav tsum muaj cov tshuaj antimycotic, tshwj xeeb, xws li Miconazole. Kev ua xua ntawm tus kab mob no qhia txog kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshwj xeeb, xws li Tavegil, Suprastin.
Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm qhov mob ntawm sinuses, cov tshuaj tau sau nyob rau hauv ib tug complex yam. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov kab mob pathology, tus kws kho mob yuav sau tshuaj tua kab mob, vasoconstrictor thiab sulfonamides.
Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm qhov mob ntawm qhov sinuses, cov poj niam cev xeeb tub yog cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb kom tshem tawm qhov o. Lawv pab tshem tawm cov hnoos qeev thiab tshem tawm qhov ntswg qhov ntswg, tab sis tsis cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam hauv plab. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias cov tshuaj no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tsuas yog nyob rau thawj theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb. Yog tias lawv tsis coj qhov xav tau, tus kws kho mob xaiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas yuav muaj kev nyab xeeb li sai tau, tab sis yuav pab tshem tawm qhov mob.
Koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov tshuaj pheej yig rau kev kho mob ntawm qhov txhab uas muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab pab tshem tawm cov tsos mob tsis zoo. Ua kom puas cov kab mob thiab kab mob yuav pab cov cuab yeej xws li "Polydex", "Isofra", "Normax".
Rau kev kho mob, nws tseem tuaj yeem siv cov tswv yim kho lub cev. Physiotherapy yog muab rau tom qab lub mob ntawm lub chav kawm ntawm tus kab mob, thiab 6-7 hnub tom qab pib ntawm thawj cov tsos mob. Qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm ultraphonophoresis, diadynamic tam sim no, cua sov ntawm cov sinuses, inhalations.
Thaum muaj daim ntawv me me tshwm simkab mob, nws muaj peev xwm siv txoj kev khiav tawm ntawm qhov ntswg. Qhov peculiarity ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog kev ntxuav ntawm paranasal sinuses nrog lub sinus catheter.
Surgery
Yog tias qhov ib txwm tawm ntawm qhov ntswg qhov ntswg cuam tshuam rau hauv tus neeg mob thiab cov txheej txheem kev saib xyuas tsis tuaj yeem nqa qhov xav tau, ces kev kho mob ntawm sphenoid sinuses yog nqa tawm nrog kev pab ntawm kev phais.
Laser kho tuaj yeem siv los kho sinusitis. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws txoj kev siv, lub lumen ntawm txoj hlab ntsws nce, thiab ua pa ua pa dawb. Tsis tas li ntawd, laser pab tshem tawm o ntawm mucosa. Cov txheej txheem no muaj ntau yam zoo, xws li:
- txheej txheem tsis mob thiab tsis muaj ntshav;
- tsis kav ntev;
- tissues sai sai.
Kev ua haujlwm tab tom ua hauv tsev kho mob. Yeej, ob peb cov txheej txheem txaus uas tau ua hauv ib lub lis piam. Hauv cov mob hnyav dua, kev kho mob tau teem sijhawm ntev dua.
Thaum tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mob hnyav, kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob paranasal sinuses kuj tau ua los ntawm kev phais qhib, thaum lub sij hawm cov ntsiab lus purulent raug tshem tawm thiab ua pa ntawm lub qhov ntswg zoo li qub.
Ntseeg haiv neeg
Qhov txiaj ntsig zoo yog kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub qhov txhab nrog cov tshuaj pej xeem, tab sis ua ntej siv lawv, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob, vim qee cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem.
Yooj yim tab sissteam inhalation yog ib qho tshuaj zoo. Txhawm rau ua tiav cov txheej txheem, koj yuav tsum ua pa tshaj cov qos yaj ywm siav hauv lawv cov khaub ncaws. Lub sijhawm ntawm cov txheej txheem yog 15-20 feeb. Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau ntxuav koj lub qhov ntswg kom huv si. Tom qab ntawd pw hauv txaj thiab npog koj lub taub hau nrog daim pam kom txog thaum koj lub ntsej muag txias tag.
Folk txoj kev kho mob ntawm sinuses koom nrog kev siv cov compresses kub. Koj tuaj yeem ua kom sov li cov sinuses nrog cov qe tawv nqaij, dej xuab zeb lossis hiav txwv ntsev.
Ib qho compress npaj los ntawm cov hmoov nplej thiab cov zib ntab ntuj yog suav tias yog siv tau. Ob qho tib si ntawm cov khoom no yuav tsum tau muab sib xyaw kom zoo, rhuab hauv dej da dej thiab siv rau cov sinuses. Muab polyethylene thiab ntaub plaub rau saum. Nws raug nquahu kom khaws ib qho ntawm cov compresses tsis pub ntau tshaj 20-30 feeb. Tom qab tshem tawm, lub ntsej muag yuav tsum tau npog nrog ib daim pam sov kom txog thaum nws txias tag.
Muaj Teeb Meem
Yog tias muaj kev kho tsis raug lossis tsis raws sijhawm, qhov mob ntawm ethmoid sinuses tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem:
- pneumonia;
- faib cov ntsiab lus purulent mus rau hauv lub cranium;
- otitis media;
- qhov muag puas;
- Aneurism nrog ntshav txhaws;
- meningitis.
mob sinusitis tuaj yeem ua rau mob hawb pob. Yog hais tias purulent secretions tas li txav mus rau hauv txoj hlab pa, ces pulmonary obstruction thiab tuag ntawm tus neeg mob yuav pib.
Huab cua
Yog sijhawmtxoj kev kho mob ntawm sinusitis, ces qhov kev tshwm sim yuav zoo heev, txij li thaum koj muaj peev xwm tshem tau tag nrho cov teeb meem uas twb muaj lawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no yuav tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem.
Yog tias kev kho mob tsis pib raws sijhawm, ces sinusitis tuaj yeem maj mam tig mus rau theem ntev, qhov kev kho mob nyuaj heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws provokes ntau yam tsis zoo, qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws uas yog tus neeg mob tuag.
Txoj kev tiv thaiv
Txhua yam kab mob tiv thaiv zoo dua li kho tau ntev. Kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb:
- yuav tsum siv hnav khaub ncaws tiv thaiv thaum muaj kab mob;
- zam hypothermia;
- kho mob khaub thuas thiab los ntswg rau lub sijhawm;
- tiv thaiv kev ua xua;
- txhawb kev tiv thaiv;
- kwv koj txhais taw sov;
- kom huv cov hniav;
- thaum lub caij khaub thuas, noj zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev kho mob sinusitis raws sijhawm nyob rau theem pib, tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob. Qhov no yuav rov ua pa qhov ntswg sai sai.
Thaum pom thawj zaug, sinusitis zoo li yog kab mob tsis muaj mob, tab sis nws txawv kiag li. Qhov no yog ib yam kab mob txaus ntshai uas yuav tsum muaj kev sib koom ua ke rau kev kho mob.
